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Westberg, J. (2022). The transnational dissemination of the infant school to the periphery of Europe: the role of primary schools, religion, travels, and handbooks in the case of nineteenth-century Sweden. Paedagogica historica, 58(1), 99-119
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>The transnational dissemination of the infant school to the periphery of Europe: the role of primary schools, religion, travels, and handbooks in the case of nineteenth-century Sweden
2022 (Engelska)Ingår i: Paedagogica historica, ISSN 0030-9230, E-ISSN 1477-674X, Vol. 58, nr 1, s. 99-119Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

The infant school was a nineteenth-century innovation with British roots that quickly achieved an international reputation. This article contributes to the study of the transnational dissemination of the infant schools by examining the case of Swedish infant schools. Using theoretical concepts from the transnational history of education, this article focuses on how the model of infant schools was transferred to Sweden, and how this model was translated and transformed in this process and by local Swedish contexts. Combining printed handbooks and unprinted archival materials from infant school societies, this article emphasises the role of travels, handbooks, and the infant school society of Stockholm in this transfer process, and its inherent contradictions. This study indicates the vital role that religion played in transforming the content of the teaching taught at infant schools, and the impact of primary schools on the educational practices. As elsewhere, Swedish infant schools were sometimes transformed into a kind of preparatory primary school.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Routledge, 2022
Nyckelord
Infant school, transfer, internationalisation, history of education, preschool, Sweden
Nationell ämneskategori
Utbildningsvetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85545 (URN)10.1080/00309230.2020.1803936 (DOI)000562715400001 ()2-s2.0-85089753314 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2020-09-11 Skapad: 2020-09-11 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-09-08Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2022). Were there national school systems in the nineteenth century? The construction of a regionalised primary school system in Sweden. History of Education, 51(2), 184-206
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Were there national school systems in the nineteenth century? The construction of a regionalised primary school system in Sweden
2022 (Engelska)Ingår i: History of Education, ISSN 0046-760X, E-ISSN 1464-5130, Vol. 51, nr 2, s. 184-206Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

The nation-state remains fundamental to our understanding of nineteenth-century schooling, which is commonly referred to in terms of national school systems or national education systems. While nineteenth-century school systems were often national in scope and promoted with the purpose of creating nationally minded citizens, this article examines whether such systems were national in the sense of being designed to impose national uniformity and standardisation on schools, teachers and pupils. Based on an investigation of public regulations of primary schooling in Sweden 1842-1920, this article shows that the Swedish school system promoted regional variation by officially sanctioning a wide range of school types, including ambulatory schools, junior schools and minor primary schools. As a result, this case study encourages considered use of the term primary schooling and raises questions as to whether nineteenth-century school systems are, in this respect, more aptly described as regionalised rather than national.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Routledge, 2022
Nyckelord
Primary schooling, nation-state, regionalisation, methodological nationalism, history of education
Nationell ämneskategori
Utbildningsvetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-98265 (URN)10.1080/0046760X.2021.1985627 (DOI)000761760300001 ()
Forskningsfinansiär
Vetenskapsrådet, 2016-05230
Tillgänglig från: 2022-03-28 Skapad: 2022-03-28 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-03-28Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2021). Designing preschools for an independent and social child: visions of preschool space in the Swedish welfare state. Early years, 41(5), 458-475
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Designing preschools for an independent and social child: visions of preschool space in the Swedish welfare state
2021 (Engelska)Ingår i: Early years, ISSN 0957-5146, E-ISSN 1472-4421, Vol. 41, nr 5, s. 458-475Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

The physical environment in early years education and care is crucial. This paper examines the Swedish government’s vision of preschool design in the welfare state of the 1970s and the conceptions of children and society upon which it was based. Presenting an investigation of reports, booklets, and study materials published by various branches of the central government, this paper analyses an ambitious preschool design intended to provide children with a diverse and stimulating environment that supported their independence and freedom of choice. Unlike similar designs in postwar Europe, this preschool design was not formulated in response to the experiences of the world wars. Inspired by the theories of Piaget and Erikson and based on the rationality of the Swedish welfare state, this preschool design was instead intended to remedy the shortcomings of a perceived anonymous, sterile and barren modern society. In relation to existing research, this paper contributes to the study of the so-called nursery heritage by examining how it was formulated in the setting of the Swedish welfare state. In so doing, the paper also provides ample ground for a continued critical discussion on contemporary strands of neoliberal preschool design.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Routledge, 2021
Nyckelord
Preschool, early childhood, material culture, space, piaget, history of education, förskolan, materiell kultur, utbildningshistoria
Nationell ämneskategori
Pedagogik
Forskningsämne
Pedagogik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-73972 (URN)10.1080/09575146.2019.1608426 (DOI)000470487800001 ()2-s2.0-85065132874 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
Vetenskapsrådet, 2017-03542
Tillgänglig från: 2019-04-29 Skapad: 2019-04-29 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-01-13Bibliografiskt granskad
Larsson, G. & Westberg, J. (2020). Child Labour, Parental Neglect, School Boards, and Teacher Quality: School Inspector Reports on the Supply and Demand of Schooling in Mid-nineteenth-century Sweden. Historical Studies in Education, 32(1), 69-88
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Child Labour, Parental Neglect, School Boards, and Teacher Quality: School Inspector Reports on the Supply and Demand of Schooling in Mid-nineteenth-century Sweden
2020 (Engelska)Ingår i: Historical Studies in Education, ISSN 0843-5057, Vol. 32, nr 1, s. 69-88Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

By examining the state school inspector reports of 1861-1863, which provide rich insights into the local conditions of schooling in Sweden, this article sheds further light on the wide range of factors that weakened school enrolment and attendance in nineteenth-century Sweden. In terms of parental demand, these included child labour on farms, at manors, and in industries; the transformation of the servant system among rural households; and religious practices, such as the confirmation and the beliefs of Protestant sectarian groups. On the supply side, factors that school inspectors reported included the inability of Swedish teacher seminars to examine enough teachers and the problematic behaviour of local school boards. As a result, this article provides additional input into the debate in educational history regarding the role of the state, religion, rural elites, and parents in the rise of mass schooling, while simultaneously providing further qualitative evidence to a quantitatively oriented research field in economic history on the determinants of schooling.

Abstract [fr]

En considérant avec attention les rapports des inspecteurs des écoles publiques de 1861 à 1863, lesquels fournissent un riche aperçu sur les conditions locales d’enseignement en Suède, cet article met en lumière le vaste éventail de facteurs qui ont affecté l’inscription et la fréquentation scolaires dans ce payx au dix-neuvième siècle. En ce qui avait trait à la demande parentale étaient compris le travail des enfants dans les fermes, dans les manoirs et dans les industries; la transformation du système domestique au sein des ménages ruraux et les pratiques religieuses telles que la confirmation et les croyances des groupes de confession protestante. Sur le plan de l’offre, les inspecteurs scolaires ont rapporté l’incapacité des séminaires de la formation enseignante de Suède à analyser suffisamment d’enseignantes et d’enseignants ainsi que l’attitude problématique des conseils scolaires locaux. Alors qu’il apporte son lot d’informations supplémentaires, cet article alimente le débat en histoire de l’éducation portant sur les rôles de l’État, de la religion, des élites rurales et des parents à l’aube de la scolarisation de masse. Simultanément, il fournit un certain nombre de données qualitatives à des recherches généralement quantitatives dans le domaine de l’histoire économique portant sur les déterminants de la scolarisation.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Canadian History of Education Association, 2020
Nationell ämneskategori
Utbildningsvetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89900 (URN)10.32316/hse-rhe.v32i1.4743 (DOI)000612809300005 ()
Forskningsfinansiär
Vetenskapsrådet, 2016-05230
Tillgänglig från: 2021-02-25 Skapad: 2021-02-25 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-02-25Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2020). Combining Global and Local Narratives: A New Social History of the Expansion of Mass Education?. European Education: Issues and Studies, 52(3), 206-214
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Combining Global and Local Narratives: A New Social History of the Expansion of Mass Education?
2020 (Engelska)Ingår i: European Education: Issues and Studies, ISSN 1056-4934, E-ISSN 1944-7086, Vol. 52, nr 3, s. 206-214Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

This article discusses how an increased interest in the global, the international and the cross-national may be informed by the recently renewed focus upon the social and economic history of education. The history of school buildings in a comparative framework offered here illustrates how such approaches also have important contributions to make to the study of international and cross-national phenomena. This article therefore makes a case for a social history turn in this field.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Routledge, 2020
Nationell ämneskategori
Utbildningsvetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88387 (URN)10.1080/10564934.2020.1727750 (DOI)000593050700003 ()2-s2.0-85096407946 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
Vetenskapsrådet, 2016-05230
Tillgänglig från: 2021-01-11 Skapad: 2021-01-11 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-01-11Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2020). What Were The Main Features Of Nineteenth Century School Acts?: Local School Organization, Basic Schooling, A Diversity Of Revenues And The Institutional Framework Of An Educational Revolution. Rivista di Storia Economica, 36(2), 139-173
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>What Were The Main Features Of Nineteenth Century School Acts?: Local School Organization, Basic Schooling, A Diversity Of Revenues And The Institutional Framework Of An Educational Revolution
2020 (Engelska)Ingår i: Rivista di Storia Economica, ISSN 0393-3415, Vol. 36, nr 2, s. 139-173Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

This article explores the main features of the provision, organization and funding of nineteenth century European school acts. It indicates that these school acts promoted schooling that was basic, rather than compulsory, and provided a framework for schools funded by a diversity of revenues, and three types of local organization either based on the church, municipalities or several organizations. As a result, this article complements the analysis of determinants of rise of mass schooling, and the debate on decentralization, with an overview of European school acts and a theoretical challenge to further address the varying institutional framework of nineteenth-century schooling.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Societa Editrice Il Mulino, 2020
Nyckelord
Europe, institutions, Primary schooling, school acts
Nationell ämneskategori
Pedagogik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-110129 (URN)10.1410/100137 (DOI)2-s2.0-85150200656 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2023-12-11 Skapad: 2023-12-11 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-12-11Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2019). A comparative history from below?: Social and economic perspectives on the international rise of mass schooling. In: : . Paper presented at Nordic Educational Research Association Conference (NERA 2019), Uppsala, Sweden, March 6-8, 2019.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>A comparative history from below?: Social and economic perspectives on the international rise of mass schooling
2019 (Engelska)Konferensbidrag, Muntlig presentation med publicerat abstract (Refereegranskat)
Nationell ämneskategori
Pedagogik
Forskningsämne
Pedagogik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-79280 (URN)
Konferens
Nordic Educational Research Association Conference (NERA 2019), Uppsala, Sweden, March 6-8, 2019
Tillgänglig från: 2020-01-21 Skapad: 2020-01-21 Senast uppdaterad: 2020-01-31Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2019). Basic Schools in Each and Every Parish: The School Act of 1842 and the Rise of Mass Schooling in Sweden (1ed.). In: Johannes Westberg, Lukas Boser, Ingrid Brühwiler (Ed.), School Acts and the Rise of Mass Schooling: Education Policy in the Long Nineteenth Century (pp. 195-222). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Basic Schools in Each and Every Parish: The School Act of 1842 and the Rise of Mass Schooling in Sweden
2019 (Engelska)Ingår i: School Acts and the Rise of Mass Schooling: Education Policy in the Long Nineteenth Century / [ed] Johannes Westberg, Lukas Boser, Ingrid Brühwiler, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019, 1, s. 195-222Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

The School Act of 1842, revised in 1882 and 1897, organized a decentralized national school system in Sweden, based on about 2,300 parishes. The role of this school act in the rise of schooling in Sweden is fundamental to the Swedish historiography of schooling. This paper examines the precondition, contents and consequences of the school act in order to examine whether it actually was a revolutionary event or merely a confirmation of already pending processes. This paper will thus be able to show how the school act was the result of a lengthy political debate, spanning decades, on popular education and whether it should the provide the population with an minimum of knowledge or form the basis of the knowledge necessary for Swedish citizenship. This tension was also apparent in the formulation of the school act which included formulations on a minimum of instruction. While the education promoted by the school act thus certainly was limited, and did not form a clear break from the previously dominating home instruction, the school act had major consequences in organizational terms, contributing to establishment of schools in the many regions of Sweden where schools previously had been uncommon.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019 Upplaga: 1
Nyckelord
utbildningshistoria, folkskolestadgan
Nationell ämneskategori
Pedagogik
Forskningsämne
Pedagogik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-78867 (URN)10.1007/978-3-030-13570-6_9 (DOI)978-3-030-13569-0 (ISBN)978-3-030-13570-6 (ISBN)
Forskningsfinansiär
Vetenskapsrådet, 2016-05230
Tillgänglig från: 2020-01-06 Skapad: 2020-01-06 Senast uppdaterad: 2020-01-31Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. & Cappelli, G. (2019). Divergent paths to mass schooling at Europe’s poles?: Regional differences in Italy and Sweden, 1840-1900. IJHE Bildungsgeschichte, 9(1), 11-28
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Divergent paths to mass schooling at Europe’s poles?: Regional differences in Italy and Sweden, 1840-1900
2019 (Engelska)Ingår i: IJHE Bildungsgeschichte, ISSN 2192-4295, Vol. 9, nr 1, s. 11-28Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

In this article, we present a comparative analysis of regional differences in Italy and Sweden in the late 19th century. Using both quantitative and qualitative evidence, our comparison indicates how the character of these regional inequalities differed, despite the decentralized nature of schooling in both of these countries. As a result, this article raises important questions regarding whether these differences may be explained by the demand for schooling, the supply of schooling, or institutional arrangements, including the use of ambulatory schools and so-called junior schools.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Verlag Julius Klinkhardt, 2019
Nyckelord
utbildningshistoria, skola
Nationell ämneskategori
Pedagogik
Forskningsämne
Pedagogik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-73971 (URN)
Tillgänglig från: 2019-04-29 Skapad: 2019-04-29 Senast uppdaterad: 2020-01-31Bibliografiskt granskad
Westberg, J. (2019). Förskolans historia (3ed.). In: Esbjörn Larsson, Johannes Westberg (Ed.), Utbildningshistoria: En introduktion (pp. 107-126). Lund: Studentlitteratur AB
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Förskolans historia
2019 (Svenska)Ingår i: Utbildningshistoria: En introduktion / [ed] Esbjörn Larsson, Johannes Westberg, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2019, 3, s. 107-126Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2019 Upplaga: 3
Nyckelord
utbildningshistoria, förskola
Nationell ämneskategori
Pedagogik
Forskningsämne
Pedagogik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-78872 (URN)9789144121192 (ISBN)
Tillgänglig från: 2020-01-06 Skapad: 2020-01-06 Senast uppdaterad: 2020-10-21Bibliografiskt granskad
Projekt
Folkskolans finansiering. De ekonomiska förutsättningarna för den allmänna folkundervisningens framväxt, 1842-1936 [2009-00951_VR]; Uppsala universitetFolkskolans finansiering. De ekonomiska förutsättningarna för den allmänna folkundervisningens framväxt, 1842?1936 [2009-04724_VR]; Uppsala universitetGästforskarvistelse vid Zürich universitet, Schweiz [2010-07014_VR]; Uppsala universitet
Organisationer
Identifikatorer
ORCID-id: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-3444-952X

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