To Örebro University

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health issue and a leading cause of long-term disabilities and mortality worldwide. There is growing evidence that TBI rehabilitation should be differentiated and individualised according to gender to provide more effective healthcare and rehabilitation. However, there is a lack of reviews focusing on the rehabilitation for women with TBI and there is a need to summarise existing knowledge to guide and individualise their rehabilitation. This scoping review aims to identify and map evidence on content and outcome of non-pharmacological rehabilitation for women with TBI aged below 65 years.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This scoping review will follow the methodological guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The databases searched will be PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The following inclusion criteria will be applied: peer-reviewed studies published in English over the years 2000-2024 including description of content and outcomes of non-pharmacological TBI rehabilitation for women aged between 16 and 65 years in both inpatient and outpatient contexts. All severities of TBI ranging from concussion through to extremely severe will be included. Text and opinion papers, conference abstracts and grey literature will be excluded. Studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be independently reviewed by three researchers. A data extraction form will be used including specific details about the participants, concept, context, study methods and key findings. The results will be presented in tabular format accompanied by a narrative summary.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Due to the nature of data, no approval from an ethics committee is required. Dissemination of results are planned in an open-access peer-reviewed journal and in professional networks.

REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: OSF, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/QUY3T.

INTRODUCTION: Parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) often need parenting support, but there are few evidence-based programmes adapted to their cognitive needs. Parenting Young Children (PYC), a home-based programme for parents with IDDs, is perceived as beneficial by parents and practitioners, but it is unclear if PYC improves parenting. The purpose of the proposed mixed-methods study is therefore to evaluate the PYC programme for improved parenting in parents with IDDs.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The quantitative evaluation will have a multi-centre, pretest-posttest study design and include parents with IDDs (children aged 0-9) in need of adapted parenting support. Goal-attainment in parenting skills, parental self-efficacy and child mental health will be measured outcomes. Interviews will be used to explore the perspectives of parents and children on PYC.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Particpation is based on informed consent from parents and guardians of the participating children. Ethical approval was granted by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority.

Objectives: Sexuality in residential aged care is a complex and often overlooked aspect of aged care. Te attitudes of both staf and residents signifcantly infuence how sexuality is perceived and addressed in these settings. Tis scoping review aims to compile, analyse, and identify gaps in the existing research concerning the attitudes of residents and staf towards sexuality within the context of residential aged care.

Methods: Te scoping review involved a systematic search across eight databases, yielding 469 unique articles, with 29 included studies.

Results: Tematic synthesis within the selected studies disclosed three themes: hollow attitudes, postsexual residents, and organizational setbacks.

Discussion: Te results emphasize the signifcance of treating sexuality as a fundamental right, emphasizing that it should be not only acknowledged in theory but also implemented in practice.

BACKGROUND: In Sweden, gender differences have been found in standard vocational rehabilitation as well as in evidenced-based methods such as Supported Employment (SE). However, these quantitative findings have not been followed up by qualitative research to clarify the issue.

OBJECTIVE: To explore participants’ experiences of participating in an SE intervention and the influence of gender on their experiences.

METHOD: Semistructured interviews with 10 women and 7 men participating in SE in Sweden were conducted. Qualitative content analysis followed by a gender analysis were performed using the material.

RESULTS: The participating men and women had different background characteristics. Overall, the participants shared the same experiences of SE. They valued a trustful relationship with the employment specialist and the diversified and individualized support from the employment specialist. Unlike the men, the women had experienced difficulties receiving SE from authorities, and when receiving SE, they expressed the value of a slow start, being challenged, and whole-life support.

CONCLUSION: The findings might moderate the rapid job principle in SE and indicate the need to acknowledge that the path to employment might look different, depending on the participants’ gendered experiences and living conditions, for SE to be more successful for both men and women.

Socialt arbete – i gränslandet mellan teori och praktik utmanar föreställningen om teori och praktik i socialt arbete som två åtskilda världar.

Bokens tre teman – perspektiv, föreningar och gråzoner – klargör och utvidgar rådande förståelser av teori och praktik samtidigt som de illustrerar teorier och praktiker i både förening och förändring. Socialt arbete diskuteras utifrån perspektiv som utmanar etablerade teorier och tankesätt. Läsaren bjuds på en upptäcktsresa till det sociala arbetets mångfasetterade och platsöverskridande verksamhetsområden.

Boken presenterar:

ett brett samhällsvetenskapligt perspektiv på teori‒praktikerteoriers mångsidiga funktion, användningsområden och relevans för praktik, inklusive social förändringanalysbegrepp för tidsaktuella samhällsanalyser. Målgruppen är studenter som vill arbeta praktiskt inom området eller studera det sociala arbetets praktik, samt till undervisande lärare på grund- och avancerad nivå. Boken är också intressant för såväl yrkesutövare som forskare i socialt arbete och närliggande samhällsvetenskapliga ämnen.

PURPOSE: Gender differences have been found in the outcomes of vocational rehabilitation (VR) and in Supported Employment (SE), therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore employment specialists' (ES) social representations of gender in relation to work and VR and how these social representations influence the ES's work in the VR process according to SE.

METHODS: The qualitative method of focus group discussions was employed. Ten focus groups were held with 39 ESs from four categories of SE organizations in Sweden. Topic analysis was applied to the transcribed material from the focus groups.

RESULTS: Five themes with different social representations about gender and disability in relation to VR and working life formed in the analysis: (1) differences in personal and health factors among VR-participants, (2) gender norms in society influencing VR, (3) energy-intensive environmental issues influencing VR, (4) gender-specific interactions in VR, and (5) gendered paths in the welfare system.

CONCLUSION: Social representations of higher strains on women with disabilities compared to men with disabilities both in private and working life, which reflect the lived experiences of the ESs, is a possible explanation for gender differences in VR and working life for persons with disabilities.

IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Gender differences in the outcomes of vocational rehabilitation (VR) interventions have been noticed worldwide. In this study, pervasive social representations about gender and disability in relation to VR were found, but also unconsciousness about gender among VR professionals. Therefore, awareness of gender is necessary in VR.Individualized and person-centered approaches to VR like Supported Employment, although considered best practice, might hide structures like gender, which could lead to reproducing discriminating processes and therefore not achieving gender equality in VR. Therefore, knowledge of discrimination is important in VR.Gender-sensitivity in vocational rehabilitation models with a person-centered and individualized approach is needed and there might also be a need to systematically tailor vocational rehabilitation models to reach gender equality in the outcomes of the interventions. Therefore, gender equality indicators are needed for VR models, to evaluate model effectiveness from a gender perspective.