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Gustafsson, J. (2024). Case Studies (2ed.). In: Advanced Research Methods for Applied Psychology: Design, Analysis and Reporting (pp. 111-121). Routledge
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Case Studies
2024 (English)In: Advanced Research Methods for Applied Psychology: Design, Analysis and Reporting, Routledge, 2024, 2, p. 111-121Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Case study research is an increasingly used research strategy in several academic disciplines, undertaken with the purpose of researching the phenomenon within a real-life context. A case study aims to analyse a spatially and temporally bounded case, to enable an in-depth understanding. Despite the growth of methodological literature, the concept of case study has been criticised for being fuzzy, and questions about the credibility of case study research have been raised. This chapter addresses issues of ontology, epistemology, and methodology that are central to the principles of case study design, with references to ongoing debates in the literature.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2024 Edition: 2
National Category
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-118583 (URN)10.4324/9781003362715-11 (DOI)2-s2.0-85202413658 (Scopus ID)9781003362715 (ISBN)
Available from: 2025-01-16 Created: 2025-01-16 Last updated: 2025-01-16Bibliographically approved
Witte, I., Strandberg, T. & Gustafsson, J. (2024). Does gender matter in Supported Employment? A qualitative study of participants’ experiences. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 61(2), 219-234
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Does gender matter in Supported Employment? A qualitative study of participants’ experiences
2024 (English)In: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, ISSN 1052-2263, E-ISSN 1878-6316, Vol. 61, no 2, p. 219-234Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: In Sweden, gender differences have been found in standard vocational rehabilitation as well as in evidenced-based methods such as Supported Employment (SE). However, these quantitative findings have not been followed up by qualitative research to clarify the issue.

OBJECTIVE: To explore participants’ experiences of participating in an SE intervention and the influence of gender on their experiences.

METHOD: Semistructured interviews with 10 women and 7 men participating in SE in Sweden were conducted. Qualitative content analysis followed by a gender analysis were performed using the material.

RESULTS: The participating men and women had different background characteristics. Overall, the participants shared the same experiences of SE. They valued a trustful relationship with the employment specialist and the diversified and individualized support from the employment specialist. Unlike the men, the women had experienced difficulties receiving SE from authorities, and when receiving SE, they expressed the value of a slow start, being challenged, and whole-life support.

CONCLUSION: The findings might moderate the rapid job principle in SE and indicate the need to acknowledge that the path to employment might look different, depending on the participants’ gendered experiences and living conditions, for SE to be more successful for both men and women.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS Press, 2024
Keywords
Vocational rehabilitation, Persons with disabilities, Professionals, Equality
National Category
Work Sciences
Research subject
Disability research
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-114406 (URN)10.3233/jvr-240030 (DOI)001325287600006 ()2-s2.0-85205553830 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, STYB-2019/0005
Available from: 2024-06-25 Created: 2024-06-25 Last updated: 2024-10-17Bibliographically approved
Granberg, S., Widén, S. & Gustafsson, J. (2024). How to remain in working life with hearing loss: health factors for a sustainable work situation. Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, 79(3), 1391-1406
Open this publication in new window or tab >>How to remain in working life with hearing loss: health factors for a sustainable work situation
2024 (English)In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 79, no 3, p. 1391-1406Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Persons with hearing loss (HL) are a vulnerable group in working life. Studies have shown that they are more likely than the general population to be in part-time work, to be unemployed, receive disability pension, and to be on sick leave. Many workers with HL also experience unhealthy work conditions, such as jobs where they experience high demands combined with low control as well as safety concerns and social isolation. There is a lack of studies that focus on factors that promote a healthy, sustainable work situation for the target group.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate health factors that contribute to a sustainable work situation for employees with HL.

METHODS: The current study was a comparative, observational study with a cross-sectional design including a clinical population of adults with HL. Comparisons were made between workers with HL "in work" and workers with HL on "HL-related sick leave".

RESULTS: Seven health factors were identified. Those "in work" experienced a healthier work environment as well as lower levels of mental strain, hearing-related work characteristics and content, cognitively demanding work content, hearing-related symptoms, energy-demanding activities, and bodily aches and pain than those on "HL-related sick leave".

CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate a clear pattern regarding health factors for a sustainable working life. The type of job was not related to whether an individual was on sick leave or working. Rather, the work climate and the content of the work mattered.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS Press, 2024
Keywords
Hearing loss, health, occupational health, salutogenesis, working conditions, workplace
National Category
Occupational Health and Environmental Health Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-114253 (URN)10.3233/WOR-230377 (DOI)001368360900031 ()38875067 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85208772265 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare
Available from: 2024-06-17 Created: 2024-06-17 Last updated: 2024-12-19Bibliographically approved
Witte, I., Strandberg, T. & Gustafsson, J. (2024). Social representations of gender and their influence in Supported Employment: employment specialists' experiences in Sweden. Disability and Rehabilitation, 46(15), 3381-3395
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Social representations of gender and their influence in Supported Employment: employment specialists' experiences in Sweden
2024 (English)In: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 46, no 15, p. 3381-3395Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

PURPOSE: Gender differences have been found in the outcomes of vocational rehabilitation (VR) and in Supported Employment (SE), therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore employment specialists' (ES) social representations of gender in relation to work and VR and how these social representations influence the ES's work in the VR process according to SE.

METHODS: The qualitative method of focus group discussions was employed. Ten focus groups were held with 39 ESs from four categories of SE organizations in Sweden. Topic analysis was applied to the transcribed material from the focus groups.

RESULTS: Five themes with different social representations about gender and disability in relation to VR and working life formed in the analysis: (1) differences in personal and health factors among VR-participants, (2) gender norms in society influencing VR, (3) energy-intensive environmental issues influencing VR, (4) gender-specific interactions in VR, and (5) gendered paths in the welfare system.

CONCLUSION: Social representations of higher strains on women with disabilities compared to men with disabilities both in private and working life, which reflect the lived experiences of the ESs, is a possible explanation for gender differences in VR and working life for persons with disabilities.

IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Gender differences in the outcomes of vocational rehabilitation (VR) interventions have been noticed worldwide. In this study, pervasive social representations about gender and disability in relation to VR were found, but also unconsciousness about gender among VR professionals. Therefore, awareness of gender is necessary in VR.Individualized and person-centered approaches to VR like Supported Employment, although considered best practice, might hide structures like gender, which could lead to reproducing discriminating processes and therefore not achieving gender equality in VR. Therefore, knowledge of discrimination is important in VR.Gender-sensitivity in vocational rehabilitation models with a person-centered and individualized approach is needed and there might also be a need to systematically tailor vocational rehabilitation models to reach gender equality in the outcomes of the interventions. Therefore, gender equality indicators are needed for VR models, to evaluate model effectiveness from a gender perspective.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2024
Keywords
Disability, professionals, social work, topic analysis, vocational rehabilitation
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-108030 (URN)10.1080/09638288.2023.2247975 (DOI)001056892400001 ()37655734 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85169561643 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, STYB-2019/0005
Available from: 2023-09-04 Created: 2023-09-04 Last updated: 2024-08-16Bibliographically approved
Gustafsson, J. & Öster, S. (2023). A solution-focused coaching approach to promote adolescent mental well-being in a school setting. Paper presented at 16th European Public Health Conference: Our Food, Our Health, Our Earth: A Sustainable Future for Humanity, Dublin, Ireland, November 8–11, 2023. European Journal of Public Health, 33(Suppl. 2), ii106-ii106, Article ID ckad160.270.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A solution-focused coaching approach to promote adolescent mental well-being in a school setting
2023 (English)In: European Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1101-1262, E-ISSN 1464-360X, Vol. 33, no Suppl. 2, p. ii106-ii106, article id ckad160.270Article in journal, Meeting abstract (Other academic) Published
Abstract [en]

Solution-focused brief coaching departs from the idea that a focus on the clients’ strengths and hopes for the future, rather than on past or present problems, will lead them to do more of what works well and move them toward a desired future. Compared to a problem-oriented approach, the solution-focused is systemic and interactive; the client is viewed as a resourceful individual in a context and as an expert on his or her own life. From this foundation, the Solution-focused Intervention for mental health (SIM) was developed for students in upper secondary school. SIM builds upon four fundamental assumptions. First, an understanding of the cause of a personal problem does not necessarily bring the student closer to a solution of it, or to a desired future. Second, what we focus our attention on and the language we use to describe and discuss our health will grow on us. Third, all students “want to and can do something” that can lead them towards their desired future. Fourth, all students are resourceful and can act in a self-desired direction. During the coaching process in SIM, what the students “hope will start to happen and resources and abilities that can make this possible” are explored and reinforced with a solution-focused dialogue. With support from a group coach and their classmates, students are encouraged to explore what could help towards a desired future and what efforts need to be taken to move in this direction. This is followed up in future sessions by focusing on what works well and efforts made towards what is wanted. The solutions-focused coaching approach, and its associated techniques, aim to engage the students in a process that enhances the awareness and motivation to explore their own strengths and resources so as to engender self-efficacy and self-confidence and strengthen their desire to further develop their abilities and skills. The objective of the process is to establish a mental health promotion that is positively self-reinforcing.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2023
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-110869 (URN)10.1093/eurpub/ckad160.270 (DOI)001092365300269 ()
Conference
16th European Public Health Conference: Our Food, Our Health, Our Earth: A Sustainable Future for Humanity, Dublin, Ireland, November 8–11, 2023
Available from: 2024-02-06 Created: 2024-02-06 Last updated: 2024-02-06Bibliographically approved
Karlsson, E., Mäki-Torkko, E., Granberg, S., Widén, S., Manchaiah, V., Swarnalatha Nagaraj, V., . . . Gustafsson, J. (2023). Hearing and Functioning in Everyday Life Questionnaire: Development and Validation of an ICF-Based Instrument. Ear and Hearing, 44(6), 1498-1506
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hearing and Functioning in Everyday Life Questionnaire: Development and Validation of an ICF-Based Instrument
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2023 (English)In: Ear and Hearing, ISSN 0196-0202, E-ISSN 1538-4667, Vol. 44, no 6, p. 1498-1506Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES: Self-assessment instruments are commonly used in audiological rehabilitation. However, several studies highlight the lack of multidimensionality in existing outcome measures, with the consequence that they only partially capture aspects of functioning in everyday life for people living with hearing loss. This study aimed to develop and investigate the content validity of a self-assessment instrument based on the validated Brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Core Set for Hearing Loss.

DESIGN: The design was a two-part instrument development study. The first part focused on the item-generation process of the instrument, named the Hearing and Functioning in Everyday Life Questionnaire (HFEQ) during an experts' workshop. The second part focused on international content validation of the instrument using group interviews. Strategic sampling was used and 30 adults with hearing loss from India, South Africa, and the United States participated in the group interviews.

RESULTS: The expert's workshop resulted in the first version of the HFEQ containing 30 items. The results from group interviews show that the content of the HFEQ was considered to be valid concerning its relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility. A majority (73%) of the HFEQ items were perceived by the participants as relevant and easy to comprehend. For the remaining 27% of the items, the content was perceived to be relevant in all countries, but some terms and expressions were reported to require rewording or clearer examples. These modifications will be made in the next step of the development process.

CONCLUSION: Content validation of the HFEQ demonstrates promising results, with participants perceiving the content as relevant and comprehensible. Further psychometric validation is required to investigate other psychometric properties, such as construct validity and reliability. The HFEQ has the potential to become a valuable new instrument for assessing everyday functioning in people with hearing loss in audiological rehabilitation and in research.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023
Keywords
Audiological rehabilitation, Content validity, Cross-cultural validation, Cross-national, Hearing loss, International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health, Outcome measures, Survey instruments, Validation
National Category
Occupational Therapy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-106579 (URN)10.1097/AUD.0000000000001391 (DOI)001086366300018 ()37340534 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85174642335 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-06-27 Created: 2023-06-27 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Witte, I., Strandberg, T., Granberg, S. & Gustafsson, J. (2023). Intersectional perspectives on the employment rate in Supported Employment for people with psychiatric, neuropsychiatric, or intellectual disabilities: A scoping review. Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, 74(2), 435-454
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Intersectional perspectives on the employment rate in Supported Employment for people with psychiatric, neuropsychiatric, or intellectual disabilities: A scoping review
2023 (English)In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 74, no 2, p. 435-454Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Supported Employment (SE) has shown better results in the employment rate for persons with disabilities than other methods within vocational rehabilitation, but how SE affects the employment rate for subgroups in the interventions needs further attention.

OBJECTIVE: To examine previous research regarding the influence of intersecting statuses on the employment rate in SE for people with psychiatric, neuropsychiatric, or intellectual disabilities according to type of diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, age, level of education and previous work history.

METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted in nine databases including peer-reviewed articles from 2000 to April 2021. Articles presenting the employment rate in SE interventions according to the intersecting statuses listed in the objective were included.

RESULTS: The searches identified 3777 unique records, of which 53 articles were included in data extraction. In most of the included articles, intersecting statuses did not affect the employment rate for people in the SE interventions with psychiatric disabilities. Few studies have examined neuropsychiatric and intellectual disabilities. A majority of the studies subjected to full-text analysis were excluded due to a lack of reporting of the effects of intersecting statuses on the employment rate. The studies that reported on the effects of intersecting statuses on the employment rate often had small samples and lacked statistical power.

CONCLUSIONS: Intersecting statuses do not appear to affect the employment rate for people receiving SE interventions, but systematic reviews with pooled samples need to be undertaken because of the low reporting rate and underpowered sample sizes in existing studies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS Press, 2023
Keywords
Supported”, disabilities, intersectionality, “Employment, “mental disorders”, “vocational rehabilitation”
National Category
Occupational Health and Environmental Health Social Sciences Interdisciplinary
Research subject
Social Work; Disability research
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-101908 (URN)10.3233/WOR-211155 (DOI)000939517200008 ()36278382 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85148965463 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, STYB-2019/0005
Available from: 2022-10-25 Created: 2022-10-25 Last updated: 2024-08-16Bibliographically approved
Adaszak, S., Gustafsson, J., Källström, Å., Holmefur, M. & Farias Vera, L. (2023). Navigating barriers and facilitators to support victims of violence in a close relationship with cognitive disability: Social workers´ perspectives. In: : . Paper presented at 23rd Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology (Eurocrim 2023), Florence, Italy, September 6-9, 2023.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Navigating barriers and facilitators to support victims of violence in a close relationship with cognitive disability: Social workers´ perspectives
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2023 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The risk of violence in close relationships is higher for people with cognitive disabilities than in the general population. This is due to social isolation, and physical or financial dependence on others in everyday activities. To enable adequate protection for these victims, social workers need to take decisions and provide support that is based on knowledge about both violence and disability-related needs. By contrast, people with cognitive disabilities are de facto less likely to be provided with support adapted to their needs. Therefore, this study explores how social workers navigate barriers and facilitating aspects to support victims of violence with cognitive disabilities.Data were collected in individual interviews with 18 social workers, and analysed using content analysis. The inclusion criteria were 3 years or more experience in identifying and/or assessing exposure to violence in close relationships among people with cognitive disabilities.

The emerging categories illustrate how social workers face dilemmas when navigating the balance between individuals’ rights for self-determination and complex needs for protection and support. The policies that frame social workers' practice in Sweden are discussed in relation to the need for flexible interventions and accessible support based on interprofessional collaboration related to violence and cognitive disability. The categories also problematize the power dynamics involved and how different actors’ experiences, values, and power influence the support process. The different actors involved add to the complexity that social workers need to navigate.

This presentation focus on how social workers' practice is governed and hindered by policy, a focus on individuals' rights for self-determination, and the need to support and protect a group that may have difficulties to identify both violence and their needs for support.

Keywords
disability, violence, victims, accessible support
National Category
Social Sciences Interdisciplinary Other Health Sciences
Research subject
Disability research; Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-110690 (URN)
Conference
23rd Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology (Eurocrim 2023), Florence, Italy, September 6-9, 2023
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2021-02063
Available from: 2024-01-12 Created: 2024-01-12 Last updated: 2024-01-15Bibliographically approved
Källström, Å., Amlakie, H., Yildirim, Z., Adaszak, S., Klint, F., Farias Vera, L., . . . Holmefur, M. (2022). Att identifiera och arbeta med utsatthet för våld bland personer med funktionsnedsättning: Lärdomar från kommuner och regioner. Örebro: Örebro universitet
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Att identifiera och arbeta med utsatthet för våld bland personer med funktionsnedsättning: Lärdomar från kommuner och regioner
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2022 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro universitet, 2022. p. 79
Series
Working Papers and Reports Social work ; 27
National Category
Social Work
Research subject
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-103096 (URN)9789187789762 (ISBN)
Available from: 2023-01-13 Created: 2023-01-13 Last updated: 2024-02-29Bibliographically approved
Karlsson, E. & Gustafsson, J. (2022). Validation of the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) core sets from 2001 to 2019: a scoping review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 44(14), 3736-3748
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Validation of the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) core sets from 2001 to 2019: a scoping review
2022 (English)In: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 44, no 14, p. 3736-3748Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objective: To investigate and summarize the literature on the validation of International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) core sets from 2001 to 2019 and explore what research methods have been used when validating ICF core sets.

Methods: The current study is a scoping review using a structured literature search.

Results: In total, 66 scientific articles were included, of which 23 ICF core sets were validated. Most validation studies were conducted in Europe using a qualitative methodology and were validated from the perspective of patients. Analysis methods differed considerably between the studies, and most ICF core sets were validated only once for a single target population or from a single perspective. The comprehensive core sets were validated more often than the brief core sets, and core sets for stroke and low back pain were validated most often.

Conclusion: The results of the current study show that only 66% of the existing ICF core sets are validated. Many of the validation studies are conducted in a European context and from a single perspective. More validation studies of ICF core sets from the perspective of both patients and professionals are needed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa Healthcare, 2022
Keywords
ICF, core set, disability and health, international classification of functioning, psychometrics, review, validation
National Category
Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89333 (URN)10.1080/09638288.2021.1878562 (DOI)000614506500001 ()33535017 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85100525109 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-02-04 Created: 2021-02-04 Last updated: 2023-12-08Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-3023-3422

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