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Older and Feeling Unsafe? Unravelling the Role of Perceived Unsafety in the Well-being of Older Adults Residing in Senior Apartments
Örebro universitet, Institutionen för beteende-, social- och rättsvetenskap.ORCID-id: 0000-0001-6231-8477
2023 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Feeling safe in one’s place of residence is important for the well-being of older adults when ageing in place; in contrast, feeling unsafe is likely to have negative consequences for well-being while ageing. Although substantial knowledge of perceived unsafety has been accumulated within various disciplines, there are certain knowledge gaps related to perceived unsafety in older age. What perceived reasons for feeling unsafe are the most central to older adults? Can emotion regulation strengthen or buffer the negative effects of perceived unsafety on the well-being of older people? What differences exist among older adults regarding why they feel unsafe?

This dissertation aimed to address these questions while investigating perceived unsafety and its associations with well-being in the context of ageing, focusing on senior apartment residents. This dissertation adopted an interdisciplinary approach integrating knowledge of perceived unsafety from psychology, gerontology, and criminology. The findings suggest that perceived unsafety in advanced age is a multifaceted phenomenon. Specifically, perceived unsafety could be explained by different perceived reasons (i.e., fear of crime, unattractive social climate in the neighbourhood, and inconvenient infrastructure at home; Study I). Furthermore, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies were associated with fear of crime and strengthened its negative association with life satisfaction (Study II). Moreover, distinct profiles of older adults could be identified based on compromises in their key life domains. Older adults belonging to different profiles differed in their perceived unsafety and well-being (Study III).

Overall, this dissertation findings indicate that feeling unsafe is associated with being less satisfied with life, experiencing more anxiety and depressive feelings, and relying on more maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Therefore, safety-promotion efforts are considered an important investment in the quality of life of older adults living in senior apartments.

Abstract [sv]

Att känna sig trygg i sin boendemiljö är en förutsättning för välmående hos äldre som åldras i hemmet. Motsatsen, upplevelsen av otrygghet, kan däremot inverka negativt under åldrandet. Trots att olika vetenskapliga discipliner har bidragit med betydelsefull kunskap om äldres otrygghet finns fortfarande ett antal kunskapsluckor inom forskningsfältet. Vilka centrala orsaker till otrygghet uppger äldre? Kan känsloreglering stärka eller buffra negativa effekter av upplevd otrygghet på äldres välmående? Vilka skillnader finns bland äldre när det gäller orsaker till upplevd otrygghet?

Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka upplevd otrygghet och dess samband med välmående i relation till åldrande bland äldre i seniorboenden. Avhandlingen har en tvärvetenskaplig utgångspunkt och integrerar kunskap om upplevd otrygghet från psykologi, gerontologi och kriminologi. Resultaten tyder på att äldres upplevda otrygghet är ett mångfacetterat fenomen. Flera olika förklaringar framträdde till varför äldre upplever otrygghet, närmare bestämt rädsla för brott, oattraktivt socialt klimat i bostadsområdet och bristfällig infrastruktur i hemmet (Studie I). Vidare framkom att maladaptiva kognitiva känsloregleringsstrategier var kopplade till rädsla för brott, och förstärkte sambandet med bristande livstillfredsställelse (Studie II). Vidare kunde ett antal distinkta profiler av äldre identifieras, baserade på sårbarhetsfaktorer inom viktiga livsområden. Profilerna skiljde sig åt gällande upplevd otrygghet och välmående (Studie III).

Sammantaget indikerar denna avhandling att upplevd otrygghet är förknippat med lägre livstillfredsställelse, ökad ångest och depressiva symptom och att i högre utsträckning förlita sig på maladaptiva känsloregleringsstrategier. Trygghetsfrämjande insatser kan således anses vara en viktig satsning för att öka livskvaliteten hos äldre i seniorboenden.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Örebro: Örebro University , 2023. , s. 83
Serie
Örebro Studies in Psychology, ISSN 1651-1328 ; 46
Nyckelord [en]
perceived unsafety, fear of crime, well-being, life satisfaction, men-tal health, emotion regulation, vulnerability, older adults, advanced age
Nyckelord [sv]
upplevd otrygghet, rädsla för brott, välmående, livstillfreds-ställelse, mental hälsa, känsloreglering, sårbarhet, äldre vuxna, åldrande
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi)
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-102359ISBN: 9789175294797 (tryckt)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-102359DiVA, id: diva2:1713054
Disputation
2023-01-27, Örebro universitet, Långhuset, Hörsal L2, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 09:15 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2022-11-23 Skapad: 2022-11-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-01-26Bibliografiskt granskad
Delarbeten
1. Perceived reasons of unsafety among independently living older adults in Sweden
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Perceived reasons of unsafety among independently living older adults in Sweden
2022 (Engelska)Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Criminology, ISSN 2578-983X, Vol. 23, nr 1, s. 44-60Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Feeling safe is important for quality of life in advanced age. The current study aimed to investigate whether different perceived reasons for unsafety uniquely contribute to the feelings of unsafety in the neighbourhood and at home while ageing. Data from a cross- sectional survey study on older adults living independently in Sweden were analysed (N = 622, age range 64–106 years, 60.6% female). Binary logistic regressions revealed unique associations between fear of crime, unattractive social climate in the neighbour-hood, and inconvenient infrastructure at home with experienced feelings of unsafety, while controlling for socio-demographic fac-tors. When distinguishing between reasons for feeling unsafe in the neighbourhood and at home, different associations with socio- demographic factors emerged. Higher age was positively asso-ciated with health-related unsafety both in the neighbourhood and at home and was not related to fear of crime neither in the neighbourhood nor at home. Female gender was associated with both health-related unsafety and fear of crime in the neighbour-hood and with health-related unsafety at home. Overall, the find-ings highlight the presence of a range of perceived reasons of unsafety relevant for older adults and the importance to consider these subjective unsafety reasons in further research and practice.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Taylor & Francis, 2022
Nyckelord
Feelings of unsafety, fear of crime, neighbourhood, ageing, older adults
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-91800 (URN)10.1080/2578983X.2021.1920756 (DOI)2-s2.0-85105995513 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
EU, Horisont 2020, 754285
Tillgänglig från: 2021-05-17 Skapad: 2021-05-17 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-01-26Bibliografiskt granskad
2. Affective Fear of Crime and Its Association with Depressive Feelings and Life Satisfaction in Advanced Age: Cognitive Emotion Regulation as a Moderator?
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Affective Fear of Crime and Its Association with Depressive Feelings and Life Satisfaction in Advanced Age: Cognitive Emotion Regulation as a Moderator?
2021 (Svenska)Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 18, nr 9, artikel-id 4727Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Fear of crime is a substantial problem for older adults and is associated with reduced subjective well-being. However, less is known about factors that could moderate the associations between fear of crime and mental health problems and well-being in advanced age. Cognitive emotion regulation could serve as a potentially buffering factor for adverse health outcomes related to fear of crime due to its potential importance in managing feelings when facing threatening situations. The current study investigated the associations between affective fear of crime with depressive feelings and life satisfaction and examined whether adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies moderated these associations in a sample of older adults (age 64–106) in Sweden (N = 622). The results showed that affective fear of crime was associated with more depressive feelings, less life satisfaction, and more frequent use of such maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies as rumination, catastrophizing, and blaming others. Moreover, rumination and self-blame moderated the associations between affective fear of crime and life satisfaction. Adaptive emotion regulation strategies were not associated with affective fear of crime and did not decrease the strength of its association with depressive feelings and with life satisfaction. These findings allow us to conclude that maladaptive emotion regulation could be considered a vulnerability factor in the association of fear of crime with life satisfaction.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
MDPI, 2021
Nyckelord
Fear of crime, mental health, depressive feelings, emotion regulation, well-being, life satisfaction
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykologi Gerontologi, medicinsk/hälsovetenskaplig inriktning
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-91532 (URN)10.3390/ijerph18094727 (DOI)000650265200001 ()33946732 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85105495446 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
EU, Horisont 2020, 754285
Tillgänglig från: 2021-04-30 Skapad: 2021-04-30 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-01-26Bibliografiskt granskad
3. Older and feeling unsafe? Differences in underlying vulnerability, anxiety, and life satisfaction among older adults
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Older and feeling unsafe? Differences in underlying vulnerability, anxiety, and life satisfaction among older adults
Visa övriga...
(Engelska)Manuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi)
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-102782 (URN)
Tillgänglig från: 2022-12-19 Skapad: 2022-12-19 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-12-19Bibliografiskt granskad

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