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Outcomes of Pregnancies for Women Undergoing Endoscopy While They Were Pregnant-a Nationwide Cohort Study
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pediatrics, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden; Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.ORCID-id: 0000-0003-1024-5602
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Celiac Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Division of Colorectal Surgery, New York Presbyterian, New York, USA; Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA.
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2017 (engelsk)Inngår i: Gastroenterology, ISSN 0016-5085, E-ISSN 1528-0012, Vol. 152, nr 3, s. 554-563Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Background &  & Aims: Endoscopy is an integral part of the investigation and management of gastrointestinal disease. We aimed to examine outcomes of pregnancies for women who underwent endoscopy during their pregnancy.

Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study, linking data from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry (for births from 1992 through 2011) with those from the Swedish Patient Registry. We identified 3052 pregnancies exposed to endoscopy (2025 upper endoscopies, 1109 lower endoscopies, 58 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies). Using Poisson regression, we calculated adjusted relative risks (ARRs) for adverse outcomes of pregnancy according to endoscopy status using 1,589,173 unexposed pregnancies as reference. To consider the effects of disease activity, we examined pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth, stillbirth, small for gestational age [SGA], or congenital malformations) in women who underwent endoscopy just before or after pregnancy. Secondary factors included induction of labor, low birth weight (<2500g), cesarean section, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes, and neonatal death within 28 days. To consider intra-familial factors, we compared pregnancies within the same mother.

Results: Exposure to any endoscopy during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (ARR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.36-1.75) or SGA (ARR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.07-1.57) but not of congenital malformation (ARR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83-1.20) or stillbirth (ARR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.87-2.40). None of the 15 stillbirths to women with endoscopy occurred less than 2 weeks after endoscopy. ARRs were independent of trimester. Compared to women with endoscopy less than 1 year before or after pregnancy, endoscopy during pregnancy was associated with preterm birth (ARR, 1.16) but not with SGA (ARR, 1.19), stillbirth (ARR, 1.11), or congenital malformation (ARR, 0.90). Restricting the study population to women having an endoscopy during pregnancy or before/after, and only analyzing data from women without a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, or liver disease, endoscopy during pregnancy was not linked to preterm birth (ARR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.84-1.27). Comparing births within the same mother, for which only 1 birth had been exposed to endoscopy, we found no association between endoscopy and gestational age or birth weight.

Conclusions: In a nationwide population-based cohort study, we found endoscopy during pregnancy to be associated with increased risk of preterm birth or SGA, but not of congenital malformation or stillbirth. However, these risks are small and likely due to intra-familial factors or disease activity.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Maryland Heights, USA: Saunders Elsevier, 2017. Vol. 152, nr 3, s. 554-563
Emneord [en]
ERCP, IBD, fetal, fetus
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-54266DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.016ISI: 000396431600024PubMedID: 27773807Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85010738779OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-54266DiVA, id: diva2:1061713
Forskningsfinansiär
Swedish Society of MedicineStockholm County CouncilSwedish Research Council, 2013-2429Tilgjengelig fra: 2017-01-03 Laget: 2017-01-03 Sist oppdatert: 2018-09-06bibliografisk kontrollert

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