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Antimicrobial peptide plasma concentrations in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Dept Infect Dis, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.ORCID-id: 0000-0001-7679-7253
Dept Infect Dis, Örebro University Hosp, Örebro, Sweden; Dept Infect Dis, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
2013 (Engelska)Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, ISSN 0036-5548, E-ISSN 1651-1980, Vol. 45, nr 6, s. 432-437Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and potentially life-threatening infection. Innate immunity is the first line of defence, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) produced by white blood cells and at epithelial barriers participate by killing microorganisms and neutralizing bacterial toxins. We wanted to investigate whether concentrations of AMPs (1) are increased in CAP, (2) predict the clinical outcome, and (3) differ depending on the causative microbe. Methods: Plasma concentrations of AMPs were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 89 patients with CAP, 21 patients with non-respiratory tract infections (non-RTI), and 63 healthy control subjects. Results: In subjects with CAP, mean plasma concentrations of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) were significantly higher than in healthy control subjects (85 vs 45 ng/ml, p < 0.001 and 48 vs 10 ng/ml, p < 0.001, respectively), but less markedly increased in patients with non-RTI (68 ng/ml, p = 0.06 and 41 ng/ml, p = 0.43). LL-37 and human neutrophil peptides 1-3 (HNP 1-3) levels were not increased in subjects with CAP. Levels of BPI and SLPI did not correlate to severity of disease, and AMP levels did not differ depending on the causative agent. Interestingly, male subjects with CAP displayed increased concentrations of SLPI compared to females. This was not observed in subjects with non-RTI and healthy control subjects. Conclusions: Subjects with CAP showed increased plasma concentrations of SLPI and BPI compared to healthy control subjects. The finding of higher SLPI levels in male subjects with CAP implies that there are sex-dependent immunological differences in SLPI turnover.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2013. Vol. 45, nr 6, s. 432-437
Nyckelord [en]
Community-acquired pneumonia, antimicrobial peptides, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI)
Nationell ämneskategori
Infektionsmedicin
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-56572DOI: 10.3109/00365548.2012.760844ISI: 000318940400003PubMedID: 23317166Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84877901789OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-56572DiVA, id: diva2:1082922
Tillgänglig från: 2017-03-20 Skapad: 2017-03-20 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-12-08Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. SLPI and soluble BTLA as immunological markers in severe bacterial infections
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>SLPI and soluble BTLA as immunological markers in severe bacterial infections
2020 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Clinical presentation, and outcome of infections are affected by host-, and etiology- (focus of infection and pathogen) related factors. The immune response is controlled by a network of regulating pathways.

This thesis focuses on Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI), a protease inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties, and the previously non-studied soluble isoform of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (sBTLA), a membrane-associated regulatory protein. Plasma concentrations of SLPI and sBTLA were assessed in relation to etiology, severity, mortality, and markers of inflammation and immunosuppression, in i) community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) (SLPI), ii) intensive care unit (ICU) treated severe sepsis and septic shock (sBTLA), and iii) dynamically in BSI (SLPI and sBTLA).

Main findings were: higher expression of SLPI in pneumonia, compared to other sources, higher initial concentrations in Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus BSI, compared to Escherichia coli BSI, and higher SLPI concentrations in sepsis compared to non-septic BSI. Interestingly, men with pneumonia had higher plasma levels of SLPI, both in CAP and BSI. Likewise, sBTLA was associated with severity, but preferentially at higher organ failure scores. High sBTLA was associated with increased risk of early death (28 days) in ICU-treated septic patients, and with mortality at 90 days and one year in BSI. In particular, failure to normalize sBTLA on day 7, was indicative of worse long-term outcome. SLPI was associated with decreased monocytic HLA-DR expression, and sBTLA with decreased lymphocyte count, which might indicate a connection to sepsis-associated immunosuppression.

In conclusion, SLPI and sBTLA show association with severity, and markers of immune dysfunction, in sepsis and BSI. SLPI differs depending on etiology, while sBTLA may have prognostic implications. Our results propose that the pathobiological role of sBTLA, and the possible utility of SLPI and sBTLA in sepsis immune-profiling, should be further addressed in future studies.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Örebro: Örebro University, 2020. s. 82
Serie
Örebro Studies in Medicine, ISSN 1652-4063 ; 211
Nyckelord
SLPI, sBTLA, sepsis, bloodstream infection, pneumonia
Nationell ämneskategori
Allmänmedicin
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-80161 (URN)978-91-7529-335-6 (ISBN)
Disputation
2020-05-29, Örebro universitet, Campus USÖ, hörsal C1, Södra Grev Rosengatan 32, Örebro, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2020-02-24 Skapad: 2020-02-24 Senast uppdaterad: 2020-05-13Bibliografiskt granskad

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Lange-Jendeberg, AnnaHultgren, Olof

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