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Placental ghrelin and leptin expression and cord blood ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, and C-peptide levels in severe maternal obesity
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Örebro University Hospital. Health Care Research Center, Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5292-4913
2017 (English)In: The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, ISSN 1476-7058, E-ISSN 1476-4954, Vol. 31, no 21, p. 2839-2846Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate placental ghrelin and leptin expression as well as cord blood ghrelin and adiponectin levels in maternal obesity and associations between placental ghrelin expression, cord blood ghrelin levels and maternal and infant variables.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Placental ghrelin and leptin expression were analyzed by RT-PCR in 32 severely obese and 32 matched normal-weight women. Cord blood ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, and C-peptide concentrations were analyzed by ELISA.

RESULTS: Neither ghrelin nor leptin expression and neither cord blood ghrelin nor adiponectin levels differed between the groups. Placental ghrelin expression was associated with BMI at delivery in the obese women (r = 0.424, p = .016) and in the infants born to normal-weight women with their weight z-scores at six (r = -0.642, p = .010), nine (r = -0.441, p = .015), and 12 months of age (r = -0.402, p = .028).

CONCLUSIONS: Placental ghrelin and leptin expression as well as cord blood ghrelin and adiponectin levels do not seem to be altered in severe maternal obesity. Placenta-derived ghrelin may influence the infants' postnatal weight gain, but possibly only when the mother has normal weight.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis Group, 2017. Vol. 31, no 21, p. 2839-2846
Keywords [en]
Adiponectin, birth weight, ghrelin, leptin, obesity, placenta
National Category
Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61734DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1358262ISI: 000440610300007PubMedID: 28783996Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85027047254OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-61734DiVA, id: diva2:1155004
Note

Funding agencies:

Research Committee of Region Örebro County

Nyckelfonden, Örebro University Hospital

Available from: 2017-11-06 Created: 2017-11-06 Last updated: 2020-12-01Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Gene expression of inflammatory markers and growth factors in placenta in relation to maternal obesity and foetal and postnatal growth
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Gene expression of inflammatory markers and growth factors in placenta in relation to maternal obesity and foetal and postnatal growth
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Maternal obesity is a growing health problem, that contributes to obstetrical complications in pregnancy, as well as neonatal morbidity and mortality. The placenta serves for gas and nutrient exchange between the mother and the foetus, and obesity may influence and modify placental growth and function. The aims of this thesis were to investigate associations between maternal obesity without associated morbidity and gene expression of inflammatory markers and growth factors in the placenta, as well as offspring birth weight and postnatal growth. 

Study I and III were designed as matched case-control studies including 32 obese women with an early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35.0 kg/m2, study II was an experimental study examining twelve placentas of normal weight women, and study IV was a cohort study including 109 obese women with a BMI ≥ 34.5 kg/m2. In studies I-IV analyses of gene expression were performed and in study III additionally cord blood concentrations were determined. 

No difference was found in the occurrence of placental gene expression of inflammatory markers or growth factors between obese and normal weight women, nor did the sampling site in placentas of normal weight women influence gene expression of these markers, except for leptin gene (LEP) and insulin receptor gene (INSR) expression. Ghrelin gene (GHRL) and LEP expression, as well as cord blood ghrelin and adiponectin levels, was not altered in maternal obesity, and a negatively U-shaped relationship between LEP expression and infant birth weight (BW) z-scores was observed in the placentas of obese women.

In conclusion, no statistically significant difference in gene expressions of inflammatory markers and growth factors in the placenta between severely obese and normal weight women was found. These results are in contrast with earlier studies and could be due to the fact that we examined mainly healthy obese women. The correlations we found between gene expression of leptin in the placenta and the birth weight of the infants warrants further studies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro University, 2020. p. 93
Series
Örebro Studies in Medicine, ISSN 1652-4063 ; 221
Keywords
obesity, pregnancy, placenta, gene expression, cytokines
National Category
Other Basic Medicine
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-80923 (URN)978-91-7529-354-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-10-16, Örebro universitet, Campus USÖ, hörsal C1, Södra Grev Rosengatan 32, Örebro, 09:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-03-31 Created: 2020-03-31 Last updated: 2020-09-21Bibliographically approved

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Allbrand, MarianneLodefalk, Maria

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