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Ultra-Short-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Acids Including Trifluoromethane Sulfonic Acid in Water Connected to Known and Suspected Point Sources in Sweden
Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik. (Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM))ORCID-id: 0000-0002-8679-6841
Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik. (Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM))ORCID-id: 0000-0001-6800-5658
Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik. (Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM))ORCID-id: 0000-0001-7555-142X
Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik. (Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM))ORCID-id: 0000-0002-6330-789X
2019 (engelsk)Inngår i: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 53, nr 19, s. 11093-11101Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Data presenting the environmental occurrence of ultra-short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are scarce and little is known about the potential sources. In this study, ultra-short-chain PFAAs were analyzed in water connected to potential point sources using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Samples (n = 34) were collected in connection with firefighting training sites, landfills, and a hazardous waste management facility. Ultra-short-chain PFAAs were detected in all samples at concentrations up to 84 000 ng/L (∑C1-C3), representing up to 69% of the concentration of 29 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA), trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (TFMS), perfluoroethane sulfonic acid (PFEtS), and perfluoropropane sulfonic acid (PFPrS) were detected at concentrations up to 14 000, 53 000, 940, 1700, and 15 000 ng/L, respectively. Principal component analysis suggests that TFA is associated with landfills. PFPrS was associated with samples collected close to the source at all types of sites included in this study. These findings reveal the presence of high concentrations of ultra-short-chain PFAAs released into the environment from various sources and emphasize the large fraction of ultra-short-chain PFAAs to the total concentration of PFASs in water.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2019. Vol. 53, nr 19, s. 11093-11101
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76642DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02211ISI: 000488993500006PubMedID: 31496234Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85072791157OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-76642DiVA, id: diva2:1353742
Forskningsfinansiär
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2016-01284Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, 2219-16-030 2219-17-012Knowledge Foundation, 20160019Tilgjengelig fra: 2019-09-24 Laget: 2019-09-24 Sist oppdatert: 2022-02-03bibliografisk kontrollert
Inngår i avhandling
1. Ultra-short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids: Environmental occurrence, sources and distribution
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Ultra-short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids: Environmental occurrence, sources and distribution
2021 (engelsk)Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [en]

Ultra-short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) is a group of highly fluorinated and very stable chemicals. Their small molecular structure in combination with the acidic functional group result in highly polar compounds and concern has been raised as these substances may threaten our drinking water supplies.

The aim with this thesis was to study and assess the occurrence, sources, and distribution of ultra-short-chain PFAAs in the environment. The main objectives were to analyze ultra-short-chain PFAAs in surface water with different anthropogenic impact, in atmospheric deposition and surface snow at local and remote locations, and to examine the relevance of local and diffuse input pathways to Lake Vättern, Sweden.

The results revealed that ultra-short-chain PFAAs are released to the environment from various sources such as firefighting training sites, landfills, and hazardous waste management facilities. Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and perfluoropropanoic acid (PFPrA) were detected in all atmospheric deposition samples and surface snow samples, including those collected at remote sites in the Arctic. Atmospheric oxidation of volatile precursors was found to play a major role in the global distribution of these as well as being the main input pathway to Lake Vättern. A total annual flux of 120–170 kg and 1.3–2.0 kg was observed for TFA and PFPrA, respectively.

Trifluoromethane sulfonic acid (TFMS) was detected in most samples and was reported for the first time in atmospheric deposition and surface snow at local as well as remote locations. The discovery of TFMS at remote locations suggests that TFMS is globally distributed. Neither atmospheric degradation of volatile precursors, nor the long-range oceanic transport seem to be main sources of TFMS to the Arctic environment, and local sources seem to be of higher importance for TFMS input to Lake Vättern.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Örebro: Örebro University, 2021. s. 63
Serie
Örebro Studies in Chemistry, ISSN 1651-4270 ; 29
Emneord
PFASs, TFA, TFMS, point sources, precursors, solar radiation, atmospheric oxidation, atmospheric deposition, flux, Arctic
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92667 (URN)9789175293998 (ISBN)
Disputas
2021-10-01, Örebro universitet, Långhuset, Hörsal L2, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 13:00 (engelsk)
Opponent
Veileder
Tilgjengelig fra: 2021-06-24 Laget: 2021-06-24 Sist oppdatert: 2022-02-03bibliografisk kontrollert

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