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Harsh or inept parenting, youth characteristics and later adjustment
Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
2008 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Despite most parents’ good intentions to provide a warm, supportive environment in which the child can grow and develop socially appropriate behavior, they might occasionally act toward their child in a negative or even harsh way. Some do this more consistently than others. This dissertation examined the relationships between harsh or inept parenting and children’s characteristics in predicting various adjustment problems. The first aim of the dissertation was to examine if experienced harsh parental behavior is associated with adjustment problems for children from different cultures in a similar way. Study I showed that the effects of harsh parenting were very similar for children from different countries, but the magnitude of these effects differed. The second aim was to examine how parents and youths respond to each other over time. Studies II and III showed that youth characteristics influenced harsh or inept parenting and, to a lesser extent, parents’ behaviors could affect youth characteristics or behavior problems. The third aim of this dissertation concerns the role of child or youth characteristics in the link between harsh parenting and adjustment problems. Findings from Study II suggested that, youth characteristics might be responsible for both harsh parenting and problematic peer relationships, thus explaining the link between them. Studies IV and V showed that children’s early unmanageability increased the risk of having more adjustment problems later in life only for some children. The fourth aim was to examine how the early characteristics of children who experience physical punishment in the context of parenting behaviors that communicate negative emotions affect later adjustment. The findings from Studies IV and V suggest that only for some children, those who experience certain combinations of harsh parental behavior, is early unmanageability a risk factor for social adjustment problems. Overall, the studies in this dissertation provide insights into the roles of harsh or inept parenting and youth characteristics in the development of various adjustment problems. Even though parents’ negative behaviors may affect youth social adjustment, youth characteristics and behaviors can strongly contribute to their own adjustment and to harsh or inept parenting.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2008. , p. 89
Series
Örebro Studies in Psychology, ISSN 1651-1328 ; 13
Keywords [en]
adolescent adjustment, harsh parenting, inept parenting, reciprocal interactions, youth characteristics, early unmanageability
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-1796ISBN: 978-91-7668-587-7 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-1796DiVA, id: diva2:135491
Public defence
2008-03-14, Hörsal 2, Långhuset, Örebro universitet, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 13:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2008-02-18 Created: 2008-02-18 Last updated: 2017-10-18Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Cross-cultural comparisons of child-reported emotional and physical abuse: rates, risk factors and psychosocial symptoms
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Cross-cultural comparisons of child-reported emotional and physical abuse: rates, risk factors and psychosocial symptoms
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2004 (English)In: Child Abuse & Neglect, ISSN 1873-7757, Vol. 28, no 1, p. 113-127Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES:

This study was designed to assess the incidence of child emotional and physical abuse, associated risk factors and psychosocial symptoms in a cross-cultural comparison between post-communist bloc countries. Method: One-thousand one-hundred forty-five children ages 10-14 from Latvia (N = 297), Lithuania ( N = 300), Macedonia (N = 302), and Moldova (N = 246) participated in the study. They completed questionnaires assessing their experience of emotional or physical abuse, and provided information about family risk-factors and psychosocial symptoms, including PTSD-related symptoms.

RESULTS:

Incidence rates of maltreatment differed by country, as did levels of reported psychosocial symptoms. Incidence of emotional and physical abuse differed by region, with higher levels of abuse reported in the rural regions. In all four countries, a similar association between emotional/physical abuse and psychosocial symptoms was found, with the uniformly largest correlation between emotional abuse and anger. When examining the combined scores of emotional and physcial abuse, even higher correlation's were found, particularly in relation to anger and depression. In all four countries, parental overuse of alcohol was associated with emotional and/or physical abuse.

CONCLUSIONS:

Findings show differences by country in child-reported levels of emotional and physical abuse, but similar patterns of correlation with psychosocial symptoms and the risk factors of parental alcohol overuse and living in a rural area.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2004
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2908 (URN)10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.06.004 (DOI)000188934000009 ()15019442 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-084232965 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2008-02-18 Created: 2008-02-18 Last updated: 2018-02-12Bibliographically approved
2. Youth characteristics as explanations of the link between negative parenting practices and adolescent peer relationship quality
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Youth characteristics as explanations of the link between negative parenting practices and adolescent peer relationship quality
(English)Manuscript (Other academic)
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2909 (URN)
Available from: 2008-02-18 Created: 2008-02-18 Last updated: 2017-10-18Bibliographically approved
3. Parents react to adolescent problem behaviors by worrying more and monitoring less
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Parents react to adolescent problem behaviors by worrying more and monitoring less
2008 (English)In: What can parents do?: New insights into the role of parents in adolescent problem behavior / [ed] Margaret Kerr, Håkan Stattin, Rutger C. M. E. Engels, Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons , 2008, p. 89-112Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

 

Although much of the literature on parenting and adolescent problem behavior has looked at parents as causal agents, there is a growing awareness that parenting is partly a reaction to problem behavior, as well as an action. In this study, we try to understand parents’ reactions to delinquency and the secretive, defiant behavior toward parents that correlates with delinquency. We use longitudinal data over two years from about 1100 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. Most measures are parents’ reports; delinquency is youth-reported. The results suggest that youths’ behaviors influence parenting more than parenting influences youth behaviors. Parents seem to react to negative behavior at home more than to the delinquency itself. They react emotionally with distrust and worries, and at the same time, they slacken their monitoring efforts. Their emotional reactions seem to be part of an escalation in youth delinquency, whereas monitoring efforts do not. These findings could have implications for experimental studies of parenting adolescents.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2008
Series
Hot topics in developmental research
Keywords
Parental monitoring, adolescent, development, problem behavior, delinquency, parenting
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2910 (URN)10.1002/9780470774113.ch4 (DOI)978-0-470-72363-0 (ISBN)
Note
Peer reviewedAvailable from: 2008-02-18 Created: 2008-02-18 Last updated: 2017-10-18Bibliographically approved
4. Early temperamental unmanageability, harsh parenting profiles, and adolescent problem behavior: a mixture modeling approach with latent parenting classes
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Early temperamental unmanageability, harsh parenting profiles, and adolescent problem behavior: a mixture modeling approach with latent parenting classes
(English)Manuscript (Other academic)
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2911 (URN)
Available from: 2008-02-18 Created: 2008-02-18 Last updated: 2017-10-18Bibliographically approved
5. Children’s temperamental unmanageability, harsh parenting, and quality of romantic relationships in adulthood from a longitudinal perspective
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Children’s temperamental unmanageability, harsh parenting, and quality of romantic relationships in adulthood from a longitudinal perspective
(English)Manuscript (Other academic)
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-2912 (URN)
Available from: 2008-02-18 Created: 2008-02-18 Last updated: 2017-10-18Bibliographically approved

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Pakalniskiene, Vilmante

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