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Increasing incidence rates of childhood malignant diseases in Sweden during the period 1960–1998
Örebro University, Department of Clinical Medicine.
2004 (English)In: European Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0959-8049, E-ISSN 1879-0852, Vol. 40, no 9, p. 1351-1360Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We analysed the trends in incidence rates of childhood cancer in Sweden. All cases of malignant diseases and benign brain tumours in children, 0-14 years old, reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry 1960 to 1998 were included, n=9298. Cases were classified according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. Average annual change in incidence rate was calculated to +1.01%, (95% confidence interval CI=0.80, 1.22). An increase in incidence rate per year was found for leukaemia, +0.85% (95% CI=0.42, 1.28), lymphomas +1.87% (95% CI=1.17, 2.58), CNS (central nervous system) tumours +1.45% (95% CI=1.02, 1.88), sympathetic nervous system tumours +1.61% (95% CI=0.79, 2.44), hepatic tumours +2.62% (95% CI=2.02, 3.21), and germ cell and gonadal tumours +1.21% (95% CI=0.23, 2.19). Of the CNS tumours, significant changes were seen for low-grade glioma/astrocytoma +2.10% (95% CI=1.41, 2.80), benign brain tumours +3.77% (95% CI=2.47, 5.10), and PNET/medulloblastoma +1.96% (95% CI=0.48, 3.46). Changes in diagnostic criteria and better diagnostic tools may have contributed to these results.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2004. Vol. 40, no 9, p. 1351-1360
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Research subject
Medicine
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-3099DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2004.02.003ISI: 000222398900019Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-2942514536OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-3099DiVA, id: diva2:136976
Available from: 2006-09-01 Created: 2006-09-01 Last updated: 2023-12-08Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Epidemiological aspects on malignant diseases in childhood
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Epidemiological aspects on malignant diseases in childhood
2006 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The trends of malignant diseases in children aged 0 to 14 years, reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry 1960–1998 (n=9 298) were analyzed. The most common diagnoses were leukemia, 29.7%, tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), 27.6%, and lymphomas, 10.2%. The average annual incidence rate of childhood malignant diseases 1990–1998 was 16.19/100 000 person-years. Average annual change in incidence rate of all childhood cancer was +1.01% (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.80-1.22). Statistically significant increase was seen for leukemia +0.85% (95% CI=0.42–1.28), lymphomas +1.87% (95% CI=1.17–2.58), CNS tumors +1.45% (95% CI=1.02–1.88), sympathetic nervous system tumors +1.61% (95% CI=0.79–2.44), hepatic tumors +2.62% (95% CI=2.02–3.21), and germ cell and gonadal tumors +1.21% (95% CI=0.23–2.19).

Children are exposed to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during fetal life and breast-feeding. In a case-control study including cases of childhood cancer reported to the Cancer Registry 1988–1991 (n=962) we used breastfeeding duration as a surrogate for exposure to POPs. One matched control per case was used. Information on breast-feeding, vaccinations and chronic illness was collected from copies of the children’s Child Health Center records.

Overall, breast-feeding did not affect the risk of childhood cancer, OR=1.0 (95% CI=0.7–1.3) using breast-feeding up to one month as reference. For non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) OR for breast-feeding for >1 month yielded OR=5.0 (95% CI=1.1–23).

No association was seen between preschool vaccinations and childhood cancer except for lymphomas and measles/measles-mumps-rubella vaccination, OR=0.2 (95% CI=0.1–0.6). Increased risk of all cancer was found for congenital malformations, OR=1.7 (95% CI=0.97–2.9), especially of leukemia, OR=3.0 (95% CI=1.5–5.8). Children with disorders of brain function had an increased risk of all cancer, OR=6.0 (95% CI=1.3–27), especially of brain tumors, OR=10 (95% CI=1.3–78).

A childhood population expected to be more exposed to POPs is children of fishermen. In a register-based study, the cancer incidence rates in a cohort of fishermen children (at age 0-19 years) were compared to the rates of referent children. A modestly increased incidence rate ratio (IRR) of childhood cancer was found, IRR=1.38 (95% CI=0.96–2.00) and an increased IRR for acute lymphoid leukemia, IRR=2.65 (95% CI=1.005–6.97). In west coast fishermen children, an increased IRR was observed for NHL, IRR=3.19 (95% CI=0.98–10.4).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro universitetsbibliotek, 2006. p. 91
Series
Örebro Studies in Medicine, ISSN 1652-4063 ; 7
Keywords
childhood cancer, incidence rates, persistent organic pollutants, breast-feeding
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences Cancer and Oncology
Research subject
Medicine; Oncology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-585 (URN)91-7668-494-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2006-09-22, Wilandersalen, Universitetssjukhuset, Örebro, 13:15
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2006-09-01 Created: 2006-08-28 Last updated: 2017-10-18Bibliographically approved

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