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The development of the Situated Phoneme (SiP) test: A Swedish test of phonemic discrimination in noise for adultpeople with hearing loss
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0739-6389
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In the current thesis, a Swedish phoneme-level speech-audiometric test in natural background noise was developed. The test is called the Situated Phoneme (SiP) test. In the first study, different types of word metrics thought to influence lexical access were developed and calculated for more than 800 000 phonetically transcribed Swedish words, which were then assembled in a database called the AFC-list. In the second study, groups of monosyllabic AFC-list words with minimal phonemic contrast were selected as linguistic stimuli for the SiP-test, using a method by which the influence of word frequency, neighborhood density, phonotactic probability and orthographic transparency was controlled. All test words were recorded to sound files, of which the accuracy was validated in a listening experiment with 28 normal-hearing adult native speakers of Swedish. In the third study, a method was developed by which realistic masker sounds, spectrally matched to each set of test phonemes in the SiP-test material, were generated for the SiP-test based on a database of urban outdoor sound events. In the fourth study, the validity of six statistical methods for significance testing of observed score differences applicable to the SiP-test were investigated. Analyses were based both on computer simulated test sessions and on SiP-test sessions with human participants. In the latter, the SiP-test speech material was presented against the urban outdoor masker sounds at different difficulty levels to 74 people with normal hearing to severe hearing loss in a listening experiment using a multiple-alternative forced choice paradigm. Based on the results, a computational prediction model for the SiP test was developed, by which the underlying success probability of specific SiP-test trials could be estimated. In turn, this enabled the use of significance-test methods based on the Poisson’s binomial distribution, resulting in improved significance-test validity. In addition, the human SiP-test results were analyzed in terms of test-retest reliability, learning effects, content-, construct- and criterion validity within the remains of the thesis.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro University , 2021. , p. 77
Series
Studies from The Swedish Institute for Disability Research, ISSN 1650-1128 ; 102
Keywords [en]
hearing impairment, speech audiometry, phonemic discrimination, realistic masking noise, critical differences, Swedish
National Category
Other Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-87871ISBN: 978-91-7529-369-1 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-87871DiVA, id: diva2:1507524
Public defence
2021-02-19, Örebro universitet, Långhuset, Hörsal L2, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-12-08 Created: 2020-12-08 Last updated: 2021-12-01Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Linguistic Materials and Metrics for the Creation of Well-Controlled Swedish Speech Perception Tests
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Linguistic Materials and Metrics for the Creation of Well-Controlled Swedish Speech Perception Tests
2019 (English)In: Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, ISSN 1092-4388, E-ISSN 1558-9102, Vol. 62, no 7, p. 2280-2294Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose: As factors influencing human word perception are important in the construction of speech perception tests used within the speech and hearing sciences, the purposes of this study were as follows: first, to develop algorithms that can be used to calculate different types of word metrics that influence the speed and accuracy of word perception and, second, to create a database in which those word metrics were calculated for a large set of Swedish words.

Method: Based on a revision of a large Swedish phonetic dictionary, data and algorithms were developed by which various frequency metrics, word length metrics, semantic metrics, neighborhood metrics, phonotactic metrics, and orthographic transparency metrics were calculated for each word in the dictionary. Of the various word metric algorithms used, some were Swedish language reimplementations of previously published algorithms, and some were developed in this study.

Results: The results of this study have been gathered in a Swedish word metric database called the AFC-list. The AFC-list consists of 816,404 phonetically transcribed Swedish words, all supplied with the word metric data calculated. The full AFC-list has been made publicly available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

Conclusion: The results of this study constitute an extensive linguistic resource for the process of selecting test items in new well-controlled speech perception tests in the Swedish language.

Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8330009.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2019
National Category
General Language Studies and Linguistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-75606 (URN)10.1044/2019_JSLHR-S-18-0454 (DOI)000479123500016 ()31265791 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85069948138 (Scopus ID)
Note

Funding Agencies:

Nyckelfonden at Region Örebro County, Sweden  OLL597471 

Research Committee at Region Örebro County, Sweden  OLL-551401 

Available from: 2019-08-20 Created: 2019-08-20 Last updated: 2022-02-08Bibliographically approved
2. The development of linguistic stimuli for the Swedish Situated Phoneme test
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The development of linguistic stimuli for the Swedish Situated Phoneme test
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Health Sciences
Research subject
Disability Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88804 (URN)
Available from: 2021-01-21 Created: 2021-01-21 Last updated: 2021-02-09Bibliographically approved
3. The development of speech-spectrum shaped real-world masker sounds for a phonemic discrimination test for people with hearing loss
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The development of speech-spectrum shaped real-world masker sounds for a phonemic discrimination test for people with hearing loss
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Health Sciences
Research subject
Disability Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88805 (URN)
Available from: 2021-01-21 Created: 2021-01-21 Last updated: 2021-12-01Bibliographically approved
4. The effect of accounting for specific trial difficulties in exact, approximate and corrected approximate methods for statistical significance testing of differences between speech audiometry scores
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The effect of accounting for specific trial difficulties in exact, approximate and corrected approximate methods for statistical significance testing of differences between speech audiometry scores
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Health Sciences
Research subject
Disability Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88807 (URN)
Available from: 2021-01-21 Created: 2021-01-21 Last updated: 2021-12-01Bibliographically approved

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