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They Are Not All the Same: Defenders of Ethnically Victimized Adolescents
(Center for Lifespan Development Research)ORCID iD: 0009-0004-5480-2962
Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences. (Center for Lifespan Development Research)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4568-2722
School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Linz, Austria; Norwegian Centre for Learning Environment and Behavioural Research in Education, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
2024 (English)In: Journal of Youth and Adolescence, ISSN 0047-2891, E-ISSN 1573-6601, Vol. 53, no 12, p. 2717-2731Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Developing a comprehensive understanding of adolescents' defending behaviors in peer victimization incidents is crucial, as these behaviors are instrumental in preventing victimization in schools. Despite recent efforts to examine various defender subgroups and their characteristics, the heterogeneity in defending behaviors within the context of ethnic victimization remains unclear. To address this gap in knowledge, the current study examined naturally occurring subgroups of defenders in ethnic victimization incidents and investigated whether these subgroups differ in their socio-cognitive skills, class norms, and social status within peer relationships. The sample included adolescents in Sweden (N = 1065; Mage = 13.12, SD = 0.41; 44.5% females). Cluster analysis yielded four distinct subgroups: victim-oriented defenders (41.3%), hybrid defenders (23.5%), bully-oriented defenders (9.8%), and non-defenders (25.4%). Hybrid and victim-oriented defenders had higher levels of perspective taking skills and positive attitudes toward immigrants than non-defenders. All three defender subgroups perceived their classroom climate as more socially cohesive than non-defenders. All four subgroups did not significantly differ in their peer status. These findings emphasize the importance of fostering inclusive class norms and implementing classroom practices that facilitate the development of perspective taking skills among students. Such effort can enhance adolescents' active defending behaviors in instances of ethnic victimization.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Plenum Publishing, 2024. Vol. 53, no 12, p. 2717-2731
Keywords [en]
Defending, Diversity norms, Early adolescence, Ethnic victimization, Perspective taking skills
National Category
Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-114100DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02026-2ISI: 001242163700001PubMedID: 38842747Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85195419621OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-114100DiVA, id: diva2:1866364
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2019-03292Örebro UniversityAvailable from: 2024-06-07 Created: 2024-06-07 Last updated: 2025-01-22Bibliographically approved

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Bilir-Öztürk, PinarBayram Özdemir, Sevgi

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