A Healthy Nordic Diet Alters the Plasma Lipidomic Profile in Adults with Features of Metabolic Syndrome in a Multicenter Randomized Dietary InterventionVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, , Reykjavik, Iceland; Landspitali – University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, , Reykjavik, Iceland; Landspitali – University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Faculty of Science, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; .
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2016 (English)In: Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0022-3166, E-ISSN 1541-6100, Vol. 146, no 4, p. 662-672Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
BACKGROUND: A healthy Nordic diet is associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, but the effect on lipidomic profile is not known.
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate how a healthy Nordic diet affects the fasting plasma lipidomic profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
METHODS: Men and women (n = 200) with features of metabolic syndrome [mean age: 55 y; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 31.6] were randomly assigned to either a healthy Nordic (n = 104) or a control (n = 96) diet for 18 or 24 wk at 6 centers. Of the participants, 156 completed the study with plasma lipidomic measurements. The healthy Nordic diet consisted of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, berries, vegetable oils and margarines, fish, low-fat milk products, and low-fat meat. An average Nordic diet served as the control diet and included low-fiber cereal products, dairy fat-based spreads, regular-fat milk products, and a limited amount of fruits, vegetables, and berries. Lipidomic profiles were measured at baseline, week 12, and the end of the intervention (18 or 24 wk) by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The effects of the diets on the lipid variables were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models. Data from centers with 18- or 24-wk duration were also analyzed separately.
RESULTS: Changes in 21 plasma lipids differed significantly between the groups at week 12 (false discovery rate P < 0.05), including increases in plasmalogens and decreases in ceramides in the healthy Nordic diet group compared with the control group. At the end of the study, changes in lipidomic profiles did not differ between the groups. However, when the intervention lasted 24 wk, changes in 8 plasma lipids that had been identified at 12 wk, including plasmalogens, were sustained. There were no differences in changes in plasma lipids between groups with an intervention of 18 wk. By the dietary biomarker score, adherence to diet did not explain the difference in the results related to the duration of the study.
CONCLUSIONS: A healthy Nordic diet transiently modified the plasma lipidomic profile, specifically by increasing the concentrations of antioxidative plasmalogens and decreasing insulin resistance-inducing ceramides. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
New York, USA: Oxford University Press, 2016. Vol. 146, no 4, p. 662-672
Keywords [en]
Nordic diet, human, lipidomics, lipids, nutrition, randomized controlled trial
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences Nutrition and Dietetics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-59368DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.220459ISI: 000373415000002PubMedID: 26962194Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84963851967OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-59368DiVA, id: diva2:1136095
Funder
Swedish Heart Lung Foundation
Note
Funding Agencies:
NordForsk (SYSDIET), Projektnr. 070014
Academy of Finland
Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation
Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research
Sigfrid Juselius Foundation
Kuopio University Hospital
Finnish Cultural Foundation
North-Savo Regional Fund
Paavo Nurmi Foundation (Finland)
Druvan Foundation
ESPEN
Skane County Council Research and Development Foundation
Diabetesfonden and Foundation Cerealia (Sweden)
Danish Obesity Research Centre (DanORC)
Danish Council for Strategic Research (Dairy-Health, BioFunCarb) (Denmark)
Agricultural Productivity Fund
Research Fund of University of Iceland (Iceland)
2017-08-252017-08-252025-02-11Bibliographically approved