To Örebro University

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Consumption of sweetened beverages has been associated with inflammation, based on measurements of C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor, as well as immune-mediated disorders including rheumatoid arthritis. We investigated associations with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 83,042 participants (44-83 years old) enrolled in the Cohort of Swedish Men or the Swedish Mammography Study. Dietary and lifestyle data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline in 1997. Diagnoses of CD and UC were ascertained from the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs.

RESULTS: Through December of 2014, we confirmed 143 incident cases of CD (incidence; rate = 11 cases/100,000 person-years) and 349 incident cases of UC (incidence rate = 28 cases/100,000 person-years) over 1,264,345 person-years of follow up. Consumption of sweetened beverages was not associated with increased risk of CD (Ptrend = 0.34) or UC (Ptrend = 0.40). Compared to participants who reported no consumption of sweetened beverages, the multivariable-adjusted HRs for 1 or more servings per day were 1.02 for CD (95% CI, 0.60-1.73) and 1.14 for UC (95% CI, 0.83-1.57). The association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of CD or UC were not modified by age, sex (cohort), body mass index, or smoking (all Pinteraction ≥ 0.12).

CONCLUSION: In analyses of data from 2 large prospective cohort studies from Sweden, we observed no evidence for associations between consumption of sweetened beverages and later risk of CD or UC.