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Saturated Fat Is More Metabolically Harmful for the Human Liver Than Unsaturated Fat or Simple Sugars
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Nutriomics Team, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Universités INSERM UMRS 1166, Paris, France.
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2018 (English)In: Diabetes Care, ISSN 0149-5992, E-ISSN 1935-5548, Vol. 41, no 8, p. 1732-1739Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVE: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (i.e., increased intrahepatic triglyceride [IHTG] content), predisposes to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue lipolysis and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are the main pathways contributing to IHTG. We hypothesized that dietary macronutrient composition influences the pathways, mediators, and magnitude of weight gain-induced changes in IHTG.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: O) basally and during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, endotoxemia, plasma ceramides, and adipose tissue gene expression at 0 and 3 weeks.

RESULTS: < 0.05). CARB increased IHTG (+33%) by stimulating DNL (+98%). SAT significantly increased while UNSAT decreased lipolysis. SAT induced insulin resistance and endotoxemia and significantly increased multiple plasma ceramides. The diets had distinct effects on adipose tissue gene expression.

CONCLUSIONS: Macronutrient composition of excess energy influences pathways of IHTG: CARB increases DNL, while SAT increases and UNSAT decreases lipolysis. SAT induced greatest increase in IHTG, insulin resistance, and harmful ceramides. Decreased intakes of SAT could be beneficial in reducing IHTG and the associated risk of diabetes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Diabetes Association , 2018. Vol. 41, no 8, p. 1732-1739
National Category
Endocrinology and Diabetes
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67136DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0071ISI: 000439288600025PubMedID: 29844096OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-67136DiVA, id: diva2:1213236
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Novo Nordisk
Note

Funding Agencies:

Suomen Laaketieteen Saatio  

Yrjo Jahnssonin Saatio  

Emil Aaltosen Saatio  

Diabetes Research Foundation  

Helsingin Yliopisto  

Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis consortium - Horizon 2020 Framework Program of the European Union  EPoS 634413 

Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca  

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche  

PIA-F-Crin Force program  

British Heart Foundation Intermediate Fellowship in Basic Science  FS/11/18/28633 

Suomen Akatemia  

Sigrid Juselius Foundation  

Evo  

EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking  EMIF 115372 

Available from: 2018-06-04 Created: 2018-06-04 Last updated: 2019-03-04Bibliographically approved

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Oresic, MatejHyötyläinen, Tuulia

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