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Effect of phthalates on development, reproduction, fat metabolism and lifespan in Daphnia magna
Örebro University, School of Science and Technology. (Life science)
Örebro University, School of Science and Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3302-7106
2019 (English)In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 654, p. 969-977Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Phthalates are used as plasticizers to increase durability, resistivity and flexibility of plastic materials. The commonly used phthalate, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is used in different plastic materials like food packaging, toys and medical devices. DEHP has been linked to different toxicities in humans as well as in animals, and as a consequence other phthalates, including dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) are being introduced. The increased use of phthalates has resulted in contamination of aquatic ecosystem and it directly threatens the aquatic life. In this study, we analyzed the effects of three phthalates DEHP, DEP and DBP using freshwater organism Daphnia magna. Although, exposure of the three phthalates at 1 and 10 μM did not result any lethality and hatching delay, the chronic exposure for 14 days resulted in reduction of body length. There was enhanced fat accumulation on exposure to all the phthalates, as indicated by oil red O staining. qRT-PCR analysis of genes involved in fat metabolism suggests that the increase in fat content could be due to inhibition of absorption and catabolism of fatty acids. Reproduction analysis showed that DBP and DEP did not alter fecundity but surprisingly, DEHP at 1 μM increased reproduction by 1.5 fold compared to control group. Phthalates also showed negative effect on lifespan as DEP at 10 μM and DBP at both 1 and 10 μM significantly reduced the lifespan. Our data indicates that along with the banned phthalate DEHP, the other substitute phthalates DEP and DBP could also have detrimental effect on aquatic organisms.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2019. Vol. 654, p. 969-977
Keywords [en]
Plasticizer, Metabolism, Toxicity, Lipid, Gene expression
National Category
Biological Sciences Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Biology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-71876DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.158ISI: 000458630100088PubMedID: 30453266Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85056696758OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-71876DiVA, id: diva2:1283186
Funder
Knowledge Foundation, 20150084
Note

Funding Agency:

Örebro University

Available from: 2019-01-28 Created: 2019-01-28 Last updated: 2020-12-21Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Toxicogenomic responses in Daphnia magna
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Toxicogenomic responses in Daphnia magna
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Detection of various organic contaminants in the aquatic environment at low concentrations, has raised concerns for animal and human health. Structural similarities of these compounds to estrogens and ecdysones suggests that organic pollutants may interfere with hormonal system of aquatic organisms. Techniques of traditional toxicity tests that are based on observable physiological defects may fail to identify sub-lethal / subobservable effects. Under these techniques the mode of action of pollutants cannot be investigated. Thus, there is a need for more sensitive techniques that are capable to evaluate effects at molecular level and provide an early warning to environmental pollution. Toxicogenomic is proposed to be a useful tool to meet this goal. However, there is a limited data that compare toxicogenomic and traditional toxicity test approaches. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the utility of qRT-PCR based toxicogenomic analysis in risk assessment. To achieve this goal, we first analyzed toxicogenomic and physiological responses of Daphnia manga exposed to three class of widely detected organic pollutant sphthalates, perfluorinated alkylated substances and brominated flame retardant in Paper I-III. Investigated endpoints included effects on hatching, acute toxicity, survival, developmental abnormalities, reproduction success, swimming and feeding behavior, fat metabolism, and life span. Result of these studies demonstrated a high degree of correlation between transcriptional data and the traditional physiological data. Besides, toxicogenomic approach was able to identify effects of sublethal concentrations. Thus, in Paper IV we analyzed environmental sample from Akaki river in Ethiopia using transcriptional approach and showed toxicogenomic tools utility in environmental risk assessment. Overall, the finding of these studies showed that the use of toxicogenomic can improve traditional physiological based toxicity assay to determine environmental risk assessment. Furthermore, toxicogenomic analysis can be performed with relatively short time and limited volume of samples.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro University, 2021. p. 83
Series
Örebro Studies in Life Science, ISSN 1653-3100 ; 18
Keywords
ERA, organic pollutants, toxicogenomic, phthalate, PFAS and DBE-DBCH
National Category
Other Biological Topics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-87341 (URN)978-91-7529-365-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-01-22, Örebro universitet, Långhuset, Hörsal L2, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 09:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-11-11 Created: 2020-11-11 Last updated: 2023-01-26Bibliographically approved

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Seyoum, AsmeromPradhan, Ajay

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