The medical and nursing care of preterm infantshas improved over the last decades, including the involvement of parents in the daily care. Previously parents could only visit a few scheduled hours per day but today most neonatal units in Sweden strive to let the parents be the primary caregivers, with the rightto stay at the unit during the entire hospitalization period. Despite this development, there is still need for a number of improvements, not only in the neonatal care but also during the complicated pregnancy.