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The missing piece: A bottom-up perspective in social sustainability governance
Stockholm School of Economics, Mistra Center for Sustainable Market, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4242-4621
Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland.
2017 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This conceptual paper explores how bottom-up considerations could improve international companies’ social footprint in Ready-Made-Garment (RMG) industry in the global South. Increasingly, the companies located in affluent countries source their products from global South due to lower production costs. Local governments often support this interest as foreign companies provide employment and influx of investment in various ways. The garment industry is one of the industries which has been shifting production to low-cost countries en masse, as the labor is cheap, the workforce does not need to be highly skilled and as the required investments to start production are relatively small. However, there are various systemic problems related to the RMG industry. The working conditions in the garment factories are often poor. The workers are not paid a living wage; there are various safety issues related to the production facilities; and exploitation of various forms is commonplace. Freedom of association often exists more in the letter than implementation of law and also in general there is little in the way of enforced legal or societal structures to address adversities in working conditions. Still, it is specifically the sourcing practices, which are the main culprit for poor working conditions on the factory level. Therefore, they need to be explored and improved. This paper aims to provide suggestions as to how some of the pitfalls of ineffectual CR practices might be avoided. There has been relatively broad criticism towards the implementation of CR protocols both by civil society actors and various scholars. Because of this we must take a closer look at the ways in which the companies’ operations affect the countries and populations where they source from: even when they adhere to their CR guidelines, they may simultaneously create environments and situations in which the local factory workers are adversely impacted. It has been evidenced that the workers in a RMG production cluster in India felt the most compliant factories did not sufficiently include cultural considerations in the implementation of the CR protocols. This is an indication that having more structured framework to govern a corporation’s CR endeavors can better meet the needs of working conditions. It seems that currently the bottom-up view carries little weight when analyzing and developing CRperspectives. This is problematic, as in the global market place the mechanisms are often developed in locations, which are geographically and culturally removed from the loci of implementation, and therefore connection between CR protocols and their impact can be hard to establish. While some of the CR practices might deliver benefits to the workers, what is needed are mechanisms that empower the workers to become active agents in the negotiations regarding working conditions rather than mere beneficiaries of these systems. In this paper we therefore explore the ways in which the companies’ social footprint could be improved by taking a closer look at the ways in which the local workers’ perspectives and needs could be given more weight when developing CR practices.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2017.
Keywords [en]
Social sustainability, bottom-up perspective, global production networks, ready-made garment industry, governance mechanisms
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-80030OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-80030DiVA, id: diva2:1393792
Conference
5th CR3+ Conference Making Corporate Responsibility useful, Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland, April 28-29, 2017
Available from: 2020-02-17 Created: 2020-02-17 Last updated: 2020-02-21Bibliographically approved

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Sendlhofer, Tina

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Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
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  • Other locale
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Output format
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