We introduce ‘Preschools Didactics From Within’ (PDFW), a novel approach to preschool-based research. This approach focuses on the design of research projects that (a) specifically address issues faced by preschool teachers and children and (b) create opportunities for teachers and children to contribute their expertise by mutually occasioning self-reflection among teachers, children and researchers. Conquergood (2002) calls for the development of research models that “bridge segregated and differently valued knowledges” and bring together “legitimated as well as subjugated modes of inquiry,” (p.151-152). PDFW is one such model. Specifically, PDFW is a kind of formative intervention organized around principles of cultural historical activity theory (Engeström, 2008). Data include field notes, audio and video recordings, interviews and artwork that were collected by researchers, teacher and students. Informed consent was obtained from teachers, parents and guardians. Our analyses show that teachers and children who participate in PDFW construct novel solutions and concepts that can be used in other instances as tools for the development of locally appropriate pedagogical adaptations. The practice of pedagogical documentation is key to understanding the rich, dynamic processes underlying the development of these concepts ''from within". 'Preschool Didactics From Within' has wide implications for research design - not just in preschool didactics - that is rigorous, democratic and that promotes a collaborative ethic among research participants (researchers included) that positively transforms both partner organisations (preschools in this case) and the academy.