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Case report and systematic review suggest that children may experience similar long-term effects to adults after clinical COVID-19
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Örebro University Hospital. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden; Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York NY, USA.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1024-5602
2021 (English)In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 110, no 3, p. 914-921Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Aim: Persistent symptoms in adults after COVID-19 are emerging and the term long COVID is increasingly appearing in the literature. However, paediatric data are scarce.

Methods: This paper contains a case report of five Swedish children and the long-term symptoms reported by their parents. It also includes a systematic literature review of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases and the medRxiv/bioRxiv pre-print servers up to 2 November 2020.

Results: The five children with potential long COVID had a median age of 12 years (range 9-15) and four were girls. They had symptoms for 6-8 months after their clinical diagnoses of COVID-19. None were hospitalised at diagnosis, but one was later admitted for peri-myocarditis. All five children had fatigue, dyspnoea, heart palpitations or chest pain, and four had headaches, difficulties concentrating, muscle weakness, dizziness and sore throats. Some had improved after 6-8 months, but they all suffered from fatigue and none had fully returned to school. The systematic review identified 179 publications and 19 of these were deemed relevant and read in detail. None contained any information on long COVID in children.

Conclusion: Children may experience similar long COVID symptoms to adults and females may be more affected.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2021. Vol. 110, no 3, p. 914-921
Keywords [en]
coronavirus, fatigue, heart problems, long COVID, pandemic, school attendance
National Category
Pediatrics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88054DOI: 10.1111/apa.15673ISI: 000618530600033PubMedID: 33205450Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85097018271OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-88054DiVA, id: diva2:1510152
Available from: 2020-12-15 Created: 2020-12-15 Last updated: 2023-06-30Bibliographically approved

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Ludvigsson, Jonas F.

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