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Sedentary Patterns and Systemic Inflammation: Sex-Specific Links in Older Adults
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1767-9297
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3793-335x
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4041-2355
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9831-0896
2021 (English)In: Frontiers in Physiology, E-ISSN 1664-042X, Vol. 12, article id 625950Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The study aimed to examine sex-specific associations between objectively measured sedentary patterns and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in older adults when considering the moderating impact of physical activity (PA). Accelerometer-based monitoring of sedentary patterns and PA was conducted in a population of older men (n = 83; age: 67.4 ± 1.5; height: 178.7 ± 6.6 cm; weight: 80.9 ± 10.6 kg) and women (n = 146; age: 67.4 ± 1.6; height: 164.2 ± 6.1 cm; weight: 64.6 ± 10.1 kg) aged 65-70. Blood samples were collected for the assessment of the inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-18, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. Total and bouts of ≥10 min of sedentary time were inversely associated with the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 in older men (accumulated sedentary time: β = -0.116; bouts: β = -0.099; all p < 0.05). Associations were independent of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total PA volume. In women, total and bouts of ≥10 min of sedentary time were detrimentally associated with the pro-inflammatory marker fibrinogen (accumulated sedentary time: β = -0.130; bouts: β = -0.085; all p < 0.05). Associations remained between accumulated sedentary time and fibrinogen when adjusting for MVPA and total PA volume. This study highlights sex-specific routes by which sedentary patterns impact on pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in older adults. The findings support efforts to promote accumulation of time spent in PA at the expense of time in sedentary pursuits on low-grade inflammation in older men and women. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A., 2021. Vol. 12, article id 625950
Keywords [en]
Aging, inflammatory biomarkers, metabolic health, physical activity, sedentary behaviors
National Category
Geriatrics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89824DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.625950ISI: 000619459600001PubMedID: 33613317Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85101117734OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-89824DiVA, id: diva2:1530732
Note

Funding Agency:

European Commission through the Marie Skodowska-Curie Actions, Cofunding of Regional, National and International Programs (MSCA COFUND) 

Available from: 2021-02-24 Created: 2021-02-24 Last updated: 2024-01-17Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Chronic Systemic Inflammation, Body Composition and Physical Activity Behaviours in Older Adults
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Chronic Systemic Inflammation, Body Composition and Physical Activity Behaviours in Older Adults
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Ageing is associated with a gradual physical decline accompanied by changes in body composition. The occurrence of a low-grade yet chronic state of systemic inflammation has gained interest for its potential consequences in the ageing process. Importantly, a physically active lifestyle may promote the maintenance of muscle mass, reduction in adipose tissue, and alleviate progression of a chronic pro-inflammatory state. 

The overall aim of this thesis was to explore relationships between biomarkers of systemic inflammation, body composition, and physical activity behaviours in community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 70 years.

A main finding of the thesis is the existence of associations between body composition and systemic inflammation in older adults, where excess adipose tissue is adversely associated with levels of inflammatory biomarkers in older women. Inverse associations were also observed between muscle mass and levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in older women. This thesis also highlights sex-specific associations between systemic inflammation and physical activity behaviours. Longer time spent sedentary was also associated with higher levels of proinflammatory biomarkers in older women and lower level of antiinflammatory biomarkers in older men. Reallocating time spent in activities of lower intensities with higher intensities was associated with lower levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers in older women. 

Overall, the findings of this thesis support efforts promoting physical activity at the expense of sedentary time in order to combat age-related systemic inflammation and metabolic risk in older adults.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro University, 2022. p. 101
Series
Örebro Studies in Sport Sciences, ISSN 1654-7535 ; 36
Keywords
Ageing, Exercise, Sedentary behaviour, Adipose tissue, Muscle mass, Muscle strength, Inflammatory biomarkers, Cardiorespiratory fitness, Metabolic health
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-96015 (URN)9789175294230 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-03-04, Örebro universitet, Långhuset, Hörsal L2, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-12-15 Created: 2021-12-15 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved
2. Diet and physical activity behaviors for healthy aging
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Diet and physical activity behaviors for healthy aging
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The process of aging is characterized by physiological changes in various body systems and biological functions, that affect health and functional capacity. Adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors could be an effective, accessible, and lowcost strategy to delay age-related functional changes. Dietary habits, including both patterns and amounts of specific food items, and physical activity (PA)are two lifestyle factors that may have an impact on several age-related health aspects. The overall aim of this thesis was to determine the links between diet, physical activity behaviors, and biological markers of healthy aging, including muscle health, metabolic health, and systemic inflammation in older adults.

The findings of the present work collectively highlight the role of diet and physical activity behaviors on biological markers of healthy aging in older adults. Daily amounts of sedentary time were detrimentally associated with the systemic inflammatory environment, with sex-specific alterations in proand anti-inflammatory biomarkers. In term of dietary habits, higher intakes of vegetables were associated with lower levels of the pro-inflammatory biomarker IL-6 in older adults, regardless of intakes of other health-related food groups, physical activity behaviors, and adiposity level. Moreover, lower intakes of fruit and vegetables (FV) in general, and of vegetables in particular, increased the likelihood of having metabolic syndrome (MetS) in older adults, which was evident even after considering time spent in sedentary behavior and adherence to the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guideline. Finally, healthy eating was beneficially associated with lower sarcopenia risk in physically active older men and women, even when engagement in musclestrengthening activities and adherence to guidelines for protein intake were considered. 

Overall, the present thesis demonstrates the detrimental impact of excessive amounts of sedentary time on markers of systemic inflammation and highlights the beneficial effects of healthy eating on biological determinants of healthy aging regardless of the potential confounding effects of physical activity behaviors.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro University, 2022. p. 54
Series
Örebro Studies in Sport Sciences, ISSN 1654-7535 ; 38
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-99719 (URN)9789175294599 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-09-21, Örebro universitet, Långhuset, Hörsal L2, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2022-06-22 Created: 2022-06-22 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved

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Bergens, OscarNilsson, AndreasPapaioannou, Konstantinos-GeorgiosKadi, Fawzi

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