Addressing Nanomaterial Immunosafety by Evaluating Innate Immunity across Living SpeciesSchool of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, England.
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Liubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Biosciences, Paris‐Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
AvantiCell Science Ltd, Ayr, England.
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, England.
Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology National Research Council, Napoli, Italy.
Institut Català de Nanosciència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Liubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Biosciences, Paris‐Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, England.
Department of Biology Biotechnical Faculty, University of Liubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy.
Center for Plant Molecular Biology ‐ ZMBP, Eberhard‐Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, England.
Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Institut Català de Nanosciència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, England.
UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, England.
AvantiCell Science Ltd, Ayr, England.
Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy.
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2020 (English)In: Small, ISSN 1613-6810, Vol. 16, no 21, article id 2000598Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
The interaction of a living organism with external foreign agents is a central issue for its survival and adaptation to the environment. Nanosafety should be considered within this perspective, and it should be examined that how different organisms interact with engineered nanomaterials (NM) by either mounting a defensive response or by physiologically adapting to them. Herein, the interaction of NM with one of the major biological systems deputed to recognition of and response to foreign challenges, i.e., the immune system, is specifically addressed. The main focus is innate immunity, the only type of immunity in plants, invertebrates, and lower vertebrates, and that coexists with adaptive immunity in higher vertebrates. Because of their presence in the majority of eukaryotic living organisms, innate immune responses can be viewed in a comparative context. In the majority of cases, the interaction of NM with living organisms results in innate immune reactions that eliminate the possible danger with mechanisms that do not lead to damage. While in some cases such interaction may lead to pathological consequences, in some other cases beneficial effects can be identified.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Weinheim: Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH , 2020. Vol. 16, no 21, article id 2000598
Keywords [en]
evolution, immunosafety, innate immunity, nanomaterials
National Category
Immunology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-90376DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000598ISI: 000529890100001PubMedID: 32363795Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85084242272OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-90376DiVA, id: diva2:1536797
Note
Funding Agencies:
EU H2020 project PANDORA GA 671881
European Commission GA 812661
Italian Ministry of Research Flagship project InterOmics
Austrian FWF Doctoral Program W1213
Catalan Agencia de Gestio d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017-SGR-1431
Spanish Government RYC-2012-10991
Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MINECO SEV-2017-0706
CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya
Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic LO1509
2021-03-122021-03-122023-05-16Bibliographically approved