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Clustering of multiple health risk behaviours and association with socio-demographic characteristics and psychological distress among adolescents in Ghana: A latent class analysis
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Australia .ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9665-1139
Örebro University, School of Law, Psychology and Social Work.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1630-4418
2021 (English)In: SSM - Population Health, ISSN 2352-8273, Vol. 13, article id 100707Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study examined the prevalence of multiple health risk behaviours, the clustering patterns of health risk behaviours, the association between socio-demographic characteristics, psychological distress and clusters and the relationship between number of health risk behaviours and psychological distress among adolescents in Ghana. Participants were senior high school (SHS) students aged 11-19 years who participated in the 2012 Global School-based Students Health Survey (n = 1763). Five health risk behaviours (smoking tobacco, inadequate fruit intake, inadequate vegetable intake, alcohol intake and physical inactivity) were measured. Participants were classified to be at risk if they indicated they smoked tobacco, did not eat fruit >= 2 times a day and vegetables = 5 a day, drank alcohol during the past 30 days and did not engage in physical activity for >= 60 min per day during the past 7 days. Latent class analysis and latent regression were used to identify the clusters and factors associated with the clusters respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between number of health risk behaviours and psychological distress. The prevalence of multiple health risk behaviours (2 or more) was 94.8%. Two clusters emerged: Cluster 1 ("Poor nutrition, inactive, low substance use cluster"; 91%); Cluster 2 ("High Risk Cluster"; 9%). Using cluster 1 as a reference group, adolescents in the 11-15 years category had lower odds of belonging to cluster 2 (OR = 0.21 CI 0.05-0.91, rho = 0.036) while those experiencing symptoms of depression had higher odds of belonging to cluster 2 (OR = 2.45 CI 1.45-4.14, rho = 0.001). No significant relationship was found between number of health risk behaviour and psychological distress. Health risk behaviours cluster among adolescents with age and depression associated with the identified clusters. Early interventions that target these clusters are needed at the individual, school and community level to mitigate the burden of non-communicable diseases.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2021. Vol. 13, article id 100707
Keywords [en]
Clustering, Multiple health risk behaviours, Psychological distress, Adolescence, Ghana
National Category
Psychology Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-91474DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100707ISI: 000636560000003PubMedID: 33365380Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85097777481OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-91474DiVA, id: diva2:1547860
Available from: 2021-04-28 Created: 2021-04-28 Last updated: 2021-04-28Bibliographically approved

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Owiredua, Christiana

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