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The Swedish RAND-36: psychometric characteristics and reference data from the Mid-Swed Health Survey
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences. Örebro University Hospital. School of Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4475-0650
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. (Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2088-0530
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences. University Health Care Research Center.
Örebro University, School of Health Sciences. University Health Care Research Center.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2411-1795
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes, E-ISSN 2509-8020, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 66Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate data quality, scaling properties, and reliability of the Swedish RAND-36 in a general population sample and to present reference data for the Swedish population.

METHODS: Testing of data quality, scaling assumptions and reliability followed methods recommended for the International Quality of Life Assessment Project, previously used for psychometric testing of SF-36 and RAND-36. Data were collected via regular mail for a random stratified sample of the general population in a Swedish county. Weighted means for RAND-36 scores were used and differences by sex, age, education, and occupational groups were tested.

RESULTS: The response rate was 42%, and the sample comprised 3432 persons (45% men, 55% women) with a median age of 56.9 years. The internal consistency reliability was satisfactory, with Cronbach's alphas > 0.80 for all eight scales. The percentage of missing items was low, ranging between 1.3% and 3.2%. No floor effects (≥15%) were noted, while ceiling effects were observed for physical functioning, role-functioning/physical, pain, role-functioning/emotional, and social functioning. Item-scale correlations were satisfactory (r ≥ 0.40). Correlations among the physical health scales were strong (range 0.58-0.68) as were the correlations among the mental health scales (range 0.58-0.73). Men reported significantly better health-related quality of life (HRQoL) on all scales, although the gender differences were small. Comparisons among age groups showed approximately equal scores among those 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49 years, while significant decreases in physical health were observed in the older age groups. Substantially worse physical health scores were observed in the oldest age group (80+). Significant differences among age groups were noted also for the mental health scales; however, better energy/fatigue and emotional well-being scores were seen in the older age groups, except for the oldest (80+). Those with university education reported significantly better scores on all scales compared to those with mandatory education.

CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that the Swedish version of RAND-36 is an acceptable and reliable instrument for measuring HRQoL in the general population. The study provides reference data that can be used for norm-based comparisons.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2021. Vol. 5, no 1, article id 66
Keywords [en]
Quality of life, RAND-36, Reference data, Swedish
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-93459DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00331-zISI: 000683712100001PubMedID: 34347192Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85111976922OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-93459DiVA, id: diva2:1584529
Note

Funding agency:

Research Committee of Örebro County Council OLL-506801

Available from: 2021-08-12 Created: 2021-08-12 Last updated: 2024-06-11Bibliographically approved

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Ohlsson Nevo, EmmaHiyoshi, AyakoNorén, PaulinaMöller, MargaretaKarlsson, Jan

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Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology

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