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The impact of schizotypy on quality of life among adults with autism spectrum disorder
School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. University Health Care Research Centre, Region Örebro County, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2320-4973
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6726-7787
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. University Health Care Research Centre, Region Örebro County, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3587-6075
2022 (English)In: BMC Psychiatry, E-ISSN 1471-244X, Vol. 22, no 1, article id 205Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizotypal personality disorder can be difficult to distinguish. Deficits in social relationships and social interaction, present in both conditions, are known to impair quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate if schizotypal symptoms affect quality of life among adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and to study the association between schizotypy and autistic traits among them.

METHODS: Participants diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (n = 110) completed questionnaires exploring schizotypy (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire - Brief Revised (SPQ-BR)), autistic traits (The Ritvo Autism, Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised Screen 14 items), anxiety and depression (The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) and quality of life (Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Scale and the European quality of life index version 5D).

RESULTS: Schizotypy was found to be associated with anxiety, depressive and autistic symptoms, and poor quality of life. Although schizotypy was a predictor for impaired quality of life, this relationship was mediated by symptoms of anxiety and depression, plausibly inherent to autism. Autistic traits were positively associated with all higher order constructs of the SPQ-BR, i.e. positive and negative schizotypy, disorganization and social anxiety, as well as with poor quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS: There is considerable overlap between schizotypy and autism that needs to be considered in research. Prominent schizotypal traits in people with ASD may constitute an endophenotype coinciding with a particularly poor quality of life.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:  NCT03570372 : Internet-based Treatment for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (MILAS).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2022. Vol. 22, no 1, article id 205
Keywords [en]
Autism spectrum disorder, Quality of life, Schizotypal personality disorder, Schizotypy
National Category
Psychiatry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-98149DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03841-2ISI: 000770759200003PubMedID: 35305592Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85126755852OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-98149DiVA, id: diva2:1645942
Note

Funding agencies:

Örebro University

Örebro University Hospital Research Foundation Nyckelfonden OLL-785311

Forskningskommitten Region Örebro County OLL-785501 OLL-736321 OLL-833131 OLL-887401

Örebro Regional Council, ALF grant OLL-935396 OLL-879651

Regional Research Council in Mid Sweden RFR-556731

Available from: 2022-03-21 Created: 2022-03-21 Last updated: 2025-01-28Bibliographically approved

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Westerberg, BrittaHumble, Mats B.Bejerot, Susanne

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