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Infiltrating immune cells in prostate cancer tissue after androgen deprivation and radiotherapy
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Environmental and Life Sciences/Biology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3813-9548
Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Environmental and Life Sciences/Biology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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2023 (English)In: International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology, ISSN 0394-6320, Vol. 37, article id 03946320231158025Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

OBJECTIVES: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has long been a cornerstone in treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa), and is known to improve the results of radiotherapy (RT) for high-risk disease. The purpose of our study was to use a multiplexed immunohistochemical (mIHC) approach to investigate the infiltration of immune cells in PCa tissue after eight weeks of ADT and/or RT with 10 Gy.

METHODS: From a cohort of 48 patients divided into two treatment arms, we obtained biopsies before and after treatment and used a mIHC method with multispectral imaging to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in tumor stroma and tumor epithelium, focusing on areas with high infiltration.

RESULTS: Tumor stroma showed a significantly higher infiltration of immune cells compared to tumor epithelium. The most prominent immune cells were CD20+ B-lymphocytes, followed by CD68+ macrophages, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and T-bet+ Th1-cells. Neoadjuvant ADT followed by RT significantly increased the infiltration of all five immune cells. Numbers of Th1-cells and Tregs significantly increased after single treatment with ADT or RT. In addition, ADT alone increased the number of cytotoxic T-cells and RT increased the number of B-cells.

CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant ADT in combination with RT results in a higher inflammatory response compared to RT or ADT alone. The mIHC method may be a useful tool for investigating infiltrating immune cells in PCa biopsies to understand how immunotherapeutic approaches can be combined with current PCa therapies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2023. Vol. 37, article id 03946320231158025
Keywords [en]
Prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy, immune cells, multiplex IHC, radiotherapy
National Category
Cancer and Oncology Urology and Nephrology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-104810DOI: 10.1177/03946320231158025ISI: 000943754200001PubMedID: 36880147Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85149697937OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-104810DiVA, id: diva2:1741996
Available from: 2023-03-08 Created: 2023-03-08 Last updated: 2023-03-20Bibliographically approved

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