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The effects of biochar and peat amendment on the nitrogen cycle in a metal- and PAH-contaminated urban soil: results from a field trial
Örebro University, School of Science and Technology. Structor Miljöteknik AB, Sweden. (MTM Research Centre)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2587-9491
Örebro University, School of Science and Technology. (MTM Research Centre)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4384-5014
Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden.
Swedish Geotechnical Institute (SGI), Sweden.
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Environmental Sciences Biological Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-105926OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-105926DiVA, id: diva2:1756565
Available from: 2023-05-12 Created: 2023-05-12 Last updated: 2023-05-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Effects of heavy metal contamination on carbon and nitrogen cycling: An ecological approach to assess risks to soil functions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effects of heavy metal contamination on carbon and nitrogen cycling: An ecological approach to assess risks to soil functions
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Soil contamination with heavy metals may disrupt soil microorganisms with important roles in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. However, there is a lack of understanding on how microorganisms are affected in soil, which may lead to a mismatch when assessing risks of contaminants to field soils.

The overall aim of this thesis was to assess effects on C and N cycling in heavy-metal contaminated soils under realistic conditions. Two historically contaminated sites and two outdoor field trials were studied. A variety of microbial responses, such as in situ microbial soil respiration, biomass, and N cycling microbial guilds was applied, which were linked to slower responding plant and soil variables and stable isotopic content δ13C and δ15N.

Lower microbial activity, accumulation of soil C and a lower soil and plant δ15N showed that high lead (2000 mg kg-1) content was slowing down C and N cycles in a grassland area. In a former wood impregnation site, microbial biomass ceased below 5 cm depth while no effects in upper soil (2300 mg kg-1 copper) were observed. In a mesocosm study, responses of N cycling microbial guilds were mostly shaped by soil type. Neither total nor soluble copper, a proxy for bioavailability, could explain the effects on N cycling microbial communities. Finally, addition of biochar and peat to a moderately contaminated soil was shown to immobilize contaminants and N simultaneously, thereby being a promising remediation method to improve ecological soil quality in situ.

In summary, this thesis provides an increased understanding and a reality-check on effects on C and N cycling in heavy-metal contaminated soils. The different intensities of the ecosystem effects in the two field soils, and soil specificity of microbial responses in the N cycle, stress the need for site-specific approaches.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Örebro: Örebro University, 2023. p. 84
Series
Örebro Studies in Biology, ISSN 1650-8793 ; 12
Keywords
heavy metals, soil contamination, stable isotopes, N cycling microbial guilds, 13C, 15N, nitrification, denitrification, biochar, soil respiration, microbial activity, bioavailability
National Category
Environmental Sciences Biological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-105854 (URN)9789175295015 (ISBN)9789175295022 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-06-09, Örebro universitet, Forumhuset, Hörsal F, Fakultetsgatan 1, Örebro, 10:15 (English)
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Available from: 2023-05-05 Created: 2023-05-05 Last updated: 2023-05-16Bibliographically approved

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Rijk, IngridEkblad, AlfLarsson, Maria

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CiteExportLink to record
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