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Parental death and initiation of antidepressant treatment in surviving children and youth: a national register-based matched cohort study
Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2088-0530
Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
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2023 (English)In: eClinicalMedicine, E-ISSN 2589-5370, Vol. 60, article id 102032Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Population-based longitudinal studies on bereaved children and youth's mental health care use are scarce and few have assessed the role of surviving parents' mental health status.

METHODS: Using register data of individuals born in Sweden in 1992-1999, we performed a matched cohort study (n = 117,518) on the association between parental death and subsequent initiation of antidepressant treatment among individuals bereaved at ages 7-24 years. We used flexible parametric survival models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) over time after bereavement, adjusting for individual and parental factors. We further examined if the association varied by age at loss, sex, parental sociodemographic factors, cause of death, and the surviving parents' psychiatric care.

FINDINGS: The bereaved were more likely to initiate antidepressants treatment than the nonbereaved matched individuals during follow-up (incidence rate per 1000 person years 27.5 [26.5-28.5] vs. 18.2 [17.9-18.6]). The HRs peaked in the first year after bereavement and remained higher than the nonbereaved individuals until the end of the follow-up. The average HR over the 12 years of follow-up was 1.48 (95% confidence interval [1.39-1.58]) for father's death and 1.33 [1.22-1.46] for mother's death. The HRs were particularly high when the surviving parents received psychiatric care before bereavement (2.11 [1.89-2.56] for father's death; 2.14 [1.79-2.56] for mother's death) or treated for anxiety or depression after bereavement (1.80 [1.67-1.94]; 1.82 [1.59-2.07]).

INTERPRETATION: The risk of initiating antidepressant treatment was the highest in the first year after parental death and remained elevated over the next decade. The risk was particularly high among individuals with surviving parents affected by psychiatric morbidity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023. Vol. 60, article id 102032
Keywords [en]
Antidepressant, Anxiety, Bereavement, Children and youth, Depression, Parental death
National Category
Psychiatry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-106881DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102032ISI: 001043579800001PubMedID: 37396801Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85161330860OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-106881DiVA, id: diva2:1779325
Funder
Swedish Research CouncilAvailable from: 2023-07-04 Created: 2023-07-04 Last updated: 2023-08-30Bibliographically approved

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Hiyoshi, Ayako

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