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Most Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Have Impaired Glucose Metabolism after a Decade
Department of Endocrinology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4061-6830
Department of Endocrinology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8732-7361
Department of Endocrinology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0368-3308
2018 (English)In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, ISSN 1661-6596, E-ISSN 1422-0067, Vol. 19, no 12, article id 3724Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Of 1324 women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Sweden, 25% reported >10 years after the delivery that they had developed diabetes mellitus. We assessed the long-term risk of all glucose metabolic abnormalities in a subgroup of these women. Women (n = 51) previously diagnosed with GDM by capillary blood glucose ≥9.0 mmol/L (≈plasma glucose ≥10.0 mmol/L) after a 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were included. All underwent a clinical and biochemical evaluation, including a second 2 h 75 g OGTT. Individuals with known type 1 diabetes were excluded. At the follow-up, 12/51 (24%) reported previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Another four cases were diagnosed after the second OGTT, increasing the prevalence to 16/51 cases (31%). Impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) was diagnosed in 13/51 women and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 10/51 women, leaving only 12 women (24%) with normal glucose tolerance. In addition, 2/51 women had high levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies; of these, one woman classified as type 2 diabetes was reclassified as type 1 diabetes, and the second GAD-positive woman was diagnosed with IGT. Of the women diagnosed with GDM by a 2 h 75 g OGTT, a large proportion had impaired glucose metabolism a decade later, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2018. Vol. 19, no 12, article id 3724
Keywords [en]
C-peptide, OGTT, autoimmunity, fasting glucose, gestational diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, maternal obesity, proinsulin
National Category
Endocrinology and Diabetes
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-109715DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123724ISI: 000455323500026PubMedID: 30477103Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85057152010OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-109715DiVA, id: diva2:1811662
Note

Funding Agency:

Medical Research Council of Southeast Sweden

Available from: 2023-11-14 Created: 2023-11-14 Last updated: 2023-11-17Bibliographically approved

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Wahlberg, Jeanette

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