After a short history of discourse-analytical approaches to evaluation, the chapter introduces the currently most widely used approaches to evaluation analysis – Martin and White’s appraisal theory, developed in the context of systemic-functional linguistics, and the approach to corpus linguistics developed and applied by Bednarek and Zappavigna. The chapter details the key dimensions of these approaches – engagement, which analyses how speakers or writers align or disalign their evaluations with those of others, attitude, which analyses how speakers or writers express feelings, normative assessments and aesthetic appreciations, and graduation, which analyses the intensity of evaluations. The approach is exemplified by the analysis of a single text as well as a corpus of texts. Particular attention is paid to the relation between evaluation and modality. Appraisal theory is then contrasted to Wodak and van Leeuwen’s legitimation analysis, which was developed in the context of critical discourse analysis. While appraisal analysis has often foregrounded the use of evaluative language among the members of online and offline communities, legitimation analysis has foregrounded the use of evaluation as an instrument of power in unequal relationships, for instance in monitoring and appraising people’s behaviour. The chapter includes examples of both these uses of evaluation.