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A stochastic analysis of the 4 x 100 m relay
Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0445-5403
Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1746-7884
2024 (English)In: International journal of sports science & coaching, ISSN 1747-9541, E-ISSN 2048-397X, Vol. 19, no 6, p. 2574-2588Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The baton exchanges are undoubtedly the most critical parts of the 4 x 100 m relay race. Timing of the outgoing runner is critical. In this paper we analyze the race as a minimization problem under uncertainty. We formulate a stochastic model in which the outgoing runner at the baton exchange cannot perfectly assess the incoming runner's exact location relatively a checkmark position, and therefore potentially misjudges the right moment to start running. Also, the team members' daily shape is subject to uncertainty. To understand the effect of these two random variables-incoming runners' distance to checkmark and the daily shape of the running team-we conduct a simulation study to investigate the trade-off between the team's expected race time and their probability of being disqualified due to overrunning the takeover zone. Conditioning on a low disqualification probability, the difference in expected race time is shown to be substantial between teams with different variation in distance assessment and forecasting running performance, respectively.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2024. Vol. 19, no 6, p. 2574-2588
Keywords [en]
Baton exchange, disqualification, running, sprinting, team
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-111546DOI: 10.1177/17479541231219969ISI: 001155706400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85183703842OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-111546DiVA, id: diva2:1837522
Available from: 2024-02-14 Created: 2024-02-14 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved

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Karlsson, NiklasLunander, Anders

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
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  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
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  • nn-NO
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Output format
  • html
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