The methodology in this paper is mainly a conceptual exploration of the concept of cosmopolitanism in a time of globalization. In the first part of my paper I will discuss cosmopolitanism in relation to curriculum theory. This has previously been done by for example Camicia and Franklin (2010). There is already a strong policy research in education, which often analyzes globalization in terms with economical connotations, as marketization, privatization, global competition etc (c.f. Ball 2007; Ozga 2009; Lundahl 2007). In this paper I will instead explore globalization in terms of the more philosophically influenced concept of cosmopolitanism, with its (also more) didactic implications. I draw on Kwame Anthony Appiah’s (2003, 2005, 2007, 2008) ethical perspective on cosmopolitanism and David Hansen’s (2008a, 2008b, 2009, 2011) concept of educational cosmopolitanism. In the discussion from which point of reference communication with ‘strangers’ becomes possible, Donald Davidson’s (1991/2001) notion of a shared world and a triangulation between one's own thoughts, others' thoughts and a common object is fruitful. It is suggested that sharing a language of values is the essential common frame of reference for meaning-making (Appiah 2007). However, as Parker (2006) observes, listening, as an important part of conversation, requires itself special attention. We must, as Garrison (1996) puts it, put our own ideas at risk in listening with openness to others if we understand educational cosmopolitanism as reflective conversations.