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Differences in food intake and nutritional habits between Spanish adolescents who engage in ski activity and those who do not
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0529-379X
Escuela de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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2015 (English)In: Nutrición Hospitalaria, ISSN 0212-1611, Vol. 31, no 2, p. 936-943Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Increasing obesity among adolescents in the industrialized world may result from poor nutritional habits and inadequate exercise.

AIM: To determine differences in food intake, nutritional habits, and body mass index between Spanish adolescents who engage in ski activity and those who do not.

METHODS: A socio-demographic survey, food frequency questionnaire, 24-hr dietary recall, and physical activity questionnaire were completed by 300 Spanish schoolchildren aged 10 to 18 yrs. RESULTS were compared (Student's t, chi-square and Fisher's exact test) between adolescents engaged (SP) and not engaged (N-SP) in skiing according to their sex.

RESULTS: SP adolescents devoted > 4 h/day to physical activity versus < 1 h for N-SP adolescents. No significant differences were found in nutrient intake or nutritional habits between SP and N-SP adolescents. Protein and fat intakes of both groups were above recommended levels. A higher proportion of N-SP than SP males were overweight. Logistic regression analysis showed that the maintenance of a normal weight was favored by the practice of skiing, the consumption of sugar-free drinks, and supplementation with vitamins/mineral salts and was negatively associated with body weight dissatisfaction, intake of nutritional supplements other than vitamins or minerals, and the consumption of snacks.

CONCLUSIONS: The diet of this adolescent population was poorly balanced. Engagement in physical activity appears to be a key factor in maintaining a healthy body mass index.

Abstract [es]

Antecedentes: El aumento de la obesidad entre los adolescentes en países desarrollados puede ser consecuencia de malos hábitos alimentarios y falta de actividad.

Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias en la ingesta de alimentos, hábitos nutricionales e índice de masa corporal entre adolescentes españoles que practican esquí y los que no lo hacen.

Métodos: Una muestra de 300 adolescentes españoles de 10 a 18 años completó una encuesta que incluyó variables sociodemográficas, un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, recordatorio de 24h y un cuestionario de actividad física. Se utilizaron test de comparación paramétricos y no paramétricos para comparar los resultados entre adolescentes que practican (SP) y no practican (N-SP) esquí, en función al sexo.

Resultados: Los adolescentes SP dedicaron más de 4h diarias a la realización de actividad física mientras que los adolescentes N-SP dedicaron menos de 1 hora diaria a la actividad física. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la ingesta de nutrientes o los hábitos nutricionales entre adolescentes SP y N-SP. La ingesta de proteínas y lípidos de ambos grupos estuvo por encima de los niveles recomendados. El sobrepeso fue más frecuente entre adolescentes N-SP. El análisis de regresión logística mostró que el mantenimiento de un peso normal se ve favorecido por la práctica del esquí, el consumo de bebidas sin azúcar y la suplementación con vitaminas/minerales y se asoció negativamente con la insatisfacción con el peso corporal, el consumo de suplementos nutricionales distintos a vitaminas o minerales y el consumo de aperitivos.

Conclusiones: La dieta de esta población adolescente fue desequilibrada. La participación en la actividad física parece ser un factor clave en el mantenimiento de un índice de masa corporal saludable.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Aula Medica Ediciones , 2015. Vol. 31, no 2, p. 936-943
Keywords [en]
Food intake, Nutritional habits, Adolescents, Physical activity, Sport
Keywords [es]
Ingesta de alimentos, Hábitos nutricionales, Adolescentes, Actividad física, Deporte
National Category
Nutrition and Dietetics
Research subject
Nutrition
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-46640DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.31.2.8267ISI: 000348825500053PubMedID: 25617584Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84923787705OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-46640DiVA, id: diva2:872694
Note

Funding Agency:

Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (FPU program)

Available from: 2015-11-19 Created: 2015-11-19 Last updated: 2022-01-21Bibliographically approved

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Monteagudo, Celia

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