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  • 1.
    Abrego, Lisandro
    et al.
    International Monetary Fund, Washington DC, USA.
    Österholm, Pär
    National Institute of Economic Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
    External Linkages and Economic Growth in Colombia: Insights from a Bayesian VAR Model2010In: The World Economy, ISSN 0378-5920, E-ISSN 1467-9701, Vol. 33, no 12, p. 1788-1810Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates the sensitivity of Colombian GDP growth to the surrounding macroeconomic environment. We estimate a Bayesian VAR model with informative steady-state priors for the Colombian economy using quarterly data from 1995 to 2007. A variance decomposition shows that world GDP growth and government spending are the most important factors, explaining roughly 17 and 16 per cent of the variance in Colombian GDP growth respectively. The model, which is shown to forecast well out-of-sample, can also be used to analyse alternative scenarios. Generating both endogenous and conditional forecasts, we show that the impact on Colombian GDP growth of a substantial downturn in world GDP growth would be non-negligible but that the decline still would be mild by historical standards.

  • 2. Ackum, Susanne
    et al.
    Borg, Tor
    Braunerhjelm, Pontus
    Calmfors, Lars
    Institutet för näringslivsforskning, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Eklund, Klas
    Hansson, Åsa
    Lunds Universitet, Institutet för näringslivsforskning, Lund, Sweden.
    Hultkrantz, Lars
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Loutfi, Amy
    Örebro University, School of Science and Technology.
    Nordström Skans, Oskar
    Wetterstrand, Maria
    Vi tar fram en handfast plan för en omstart av Sverige2020In: Dagens Nyheter, ISSN 1101-2447, no 27 aprilArticle in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Det är /.../ fullt möjligt att tänka strategiskt och systematiskt även i brinnande kris. Omstartskommissionen hoppas kunna bidra till fokus, analys och konkreta policyförslag för att stödja Sveriges långsiktiga inriktning. Vi kommer att under våren och sommaren anordna seminarier och hearings om vårt arbete, delrapporter ska läggas fram – och när budgetarbetet börjar och Riksdagen öppnar, vill vi kunna bidra med en rejäl och handfast plan för hur vi omstartar Sverige.

  • 3.
    Addison, Tony
    et al.
    WIDER/UNU.
    Levin, Jörgen
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Revenue mobilization in aid-dependent countries: current and future challengesManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The recent financial crisis and other climate related shocks pose important challenges to fiscal policies in a number of developing countries. The best way for developing countries to respond to the tax challenges are essentially to broaden tax bases, reduce rates and improve tax administration. But equally important, the focus has also to be on economic policies that accelerate growth and expand the tax base. In many developing countries, poor public service delivery, financed with existing revenue, creates dissatisfied citizens which are unwilling to pay taxes. A legitimate and responsive state one that secures the rule of law and keeps corruption under control is important for better mobilisation of tax revenue. With regard to the mix of tax instruments trade taxes will continue to reduce its significance as an important source of revenue. This suggests that indirect taxes such as VAT and direct taxes will be of significant importance in the future. Many developing countries have very narrow tax bases, with large number of exemptions, often designed to protect the interests of powerful groups. In these circumstances broadening the base can have the advantages of raising revenue, improving economic efficiency and achieving greater redistribution. Over the long-term taxation can reduce developing countries’ dependence upon aid and increase its ownership of the development agenda and become accountable to its citizens. This would also reinforce the social contract between state, citizens and the private sector which was how efficient institutions evolved in the developed world.

  • 4.
    Addison, Tony
    et al.
    WIDER/UNU.
    Levin, Jörgen
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    The determinants of tax revenue in sub-Saharan AfricaManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    The Determinants of Tax Revenue in Sub-Saharan Africa
  • 5.
    Adolfsson, Per
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Stockholms trängselskatter och hur de påverkat räddningstjänstens körtider i Stockholms kommun2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 6.
    Adolfsson, Per
    et al.
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Karlsson, Anna
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Aktieindexobligationer: Värdering med hjälp av Monte Carlo-simulering2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 7.
    Afrem, Mary
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Kahramanoglu, Semya
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Sveriges komparativa fördelar: inom IT-tjänster2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 8.
    Agarwal, N.
    et al.
    64-C, Mittal Towers, Nariman Point, Mumbai, India.
    Chan, J.M.L.
    Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Global Labor Organization, Essen, Germany; Ratio, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tang, Aili
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Department of Economics.
    Tano, S.
    Swedish Agency for Growth Policy Analysis, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wang, Z.
    Faculty of Business and Law, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester, United Kingdom; GEP, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Mitigating information frictions in trade: Evidence from export credit guarantees2023In: Journal of International Economics, ISSN 0022-1996, E-ISSN 1873-0353, Vol. 145, article id 103831Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Information frictions make foreign trade risky. In particular, the risk of buyer default deters firms from selling abroad. To address this issue, many countries offer export credit guarantees to provide insurance to exporters. In this paper, we investigate the causal effects of guarantees by exploiting a quasi-natural experiment in Sweden and rich register data on guarantees, firms and trade. Estimates from a fuzzy regression discontinuity design show large positive effects on the probability of exporting and the value of exports to the destination for which the guarantees are issued. These results are robust to an alternative approach using a difference-in-differences matching estimator. Further findings suggest that guarantees impact firms heterogeneously and play an important role in resolving buyer default risk and easing liquidity constraints. Larger impacts are observed in non-OECD countries, on smaller, liquidity constrained exporters and for firms selling products that face a relatively high cost of buyer default.

  • 9. Agarwal, Natasha
    et al.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Atithi Devo Bhava? (The Guest is Equivalent to God?)2015In: Observer Research Foundation Issue Brief, no 91, p. 1-16Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 10.
    Agarwal, Natasha
    et al.
    Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, Dehli, India.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Getting more out of India's 'Tourist Visa on Arrival' scheme2015Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    The Government of India has extended the ‘Tourist Visa on Arrival’ scheme - now expected to be renamed 'Visa Online (ETA)' scheme - from five countries in 2010 to 44 countries in 2014. In this article, Natasha Agarwal and Magnus Lodefalk highlight some of the limitations in the design and implementation of the scheme, and make recommendations for maximising its economic benefit and effectiveness.

  • 11. Agarwal, Natasha
    et al.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio Institute, Sweden.
    Stenberg, Majken
    Ratio Institute, Sweden.
    Tang, Aili
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio Institute, Sweden.
    Tano, Sofia
    Swedish Agency for Growth Policy Analysis, Sweden.
    Wang, Zheng
    De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
    The effects of export credit guarantees on firm performance2019Other (Other academic)
  • 12. Agarwal, Natasha
    et al.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio, Stockholm, Sweden; Global Labor Organization.
    Tang, Aili
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Tano, Sofia
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Growth Analysis, Östersund, Sweden.
    Wang, Zheng
    De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
    Guaranteed Success?: The Effects of Export Credit Guarantees on Firm Performance2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many countries offer government-backed export credit guarantees to domestic firms. We investigate the effects of such guarantees on firm exports, jobs and value added. Using uniquely detailed and exhaustive transaction-level panel data on guarantees and granular information on trade, exporters and foreign buyers, we perform difference-indifferences matching estimations. We find that guarantees improve firm performance. However, the effects are strikingly heterogeneous across firm size and response variables. Using guarantees increases the firm-destination probability of exporting and the value of exports by 18 and 172 percent, respectively, but does not generally increase jobs or value added. Smaller firms benefit the most in terms of exports. Overall, the evidence suggests a causal link from guarantees to firm export performance.

  • 13.
    Agarwal, Natasha
    et al.
    Research and Outcome, Mumbai, India.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tang, Aili
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Tano, Sofia
    Wang, Zheng
    De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
    Institutions for Non-Simultaneous Exchange: Microeconomic Evidence from Export Insurance2018Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Information frictions make non-simultaneous exchange risky, particularly across borders. Therefore, many countries insure cross-border exchange. We investigate the effects on firm trade, jobs, value added and productivity, using uniquely detailed, comprehensive and longitudinal transaction-level Swedish data on insurance and granular data on exporters and foreign buyers. For identification, we employ matching and differencein-difference and fuzzy regression discontinuity estimators and exploit a quasi-natural experiment. We find strikingly heterogeneous effects across firm size and response variables. The strongest positive effects are for small traders and new users. Overall, the evidence suggests a causal link from export insurance to firm performance.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Institutions for Non-Simultaneous Exchange: Microeconomic Evidence from Export Insurance
  • 14.
    Ahlberg, Joakim
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Multi-unit common value auctions: theory and experiments2012Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Research on auctions that involve more than one identical item for sale was,almost non-existing in the 90’s, but has since then been getting increasing attention. External incentives for this research have come from the US spectrum, sales, the European 3G mobile-phone auctions,  and Internet auctions. The policy relevance and the huge amount of money involved in many of them have helped the theory and experimental research advance. But in auctions where values are equal across bidders, common value auctions, that is, when the value depends on some outside parameter, equal to all bidders, the research is still embryonic.

    This thesis contributes to the topic with three studies. The first uses a Bayesian game to model a simple multi-unit common value auction, the task being to compare equilibrium strategies and the seller’s revenue from three auction formats; the discriminatory, the uniform and the Vickrey auction. The second study conducts an economic laboratory experiment on basis of the first study. The third study comprises an experiment on the multi-unit common value uniform auction and compares the dynamic and the static environments of this format.

    The most salient result in both experiments is that subjects overbid. They are victims of the winner’s curse and bid above the expected value, thus earning a negative profit. There is some learning, but most bidders continue to earn a negative profit also in later rounds. The competitive effect when participating in an auction seems to be stronger than the rationality concerns. In the first experiment, subjects in the Vickrey auction do somewhat better in small groups than subjects in the other auction types and, in the second experiment, subjects in the dynamic auction format perform much better than subjects in the static auction format; but still, they overbid.

    Due to this overbidding, the theoretical (but not the behavioral) prediction that the dynamic auction should render more revenue than the static fails inthe second experiment. Nonetheless, the higher revenue of the static auction comes at a cost; half of the auctions yield negative profits to the bidders, and the winner’s curse is more severely widespread in this format. Besides, only a minority of the bidders use the equilibrium bidding strategy.The bottom line is that the choice between the open and sealed-bid formats may be more important than the choice of price mechanism, especially in common value settings.

    List of papers
    1. Analysis of discrete multi-unit, common value auctions: a study of three sealed-bid mechanisms
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Analysis of discrete multi-unit, common value auctions: a study of three sealed-bid mechanisms
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper proposes a discrete bidding model for both quantities and pricing. It has a two-unit demand environment where subjects bid for contracts with an unknown redemption value, common to all bidders. Prior to bidding, the bidders receive private signals of information on the (common) value. The value and the signals are drawn from a known discrete affiliated joint distribution. The relevant task for the paper is to compare the equilibrium strategies and the seller’s revenue of three auction formats. We find that, of the three auctionformats below with two players, the discriminatory auction always gives the largest revenue to the seller; both the uniform and the Vickrey auction have zero revenue equilibrium strategies that put them further down in the revenue ranking. In equilibrium, bidders bid the same amount on both items in the discriminatory auction; a phenomenon not noted in either of the other auction formats.

    Keywords
    Laboratory Experiment; Multi-Unit Auction; Common Value Auction
    National Category
    Economics and Business
    Research subject
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-26445 (URN)
    Available from: 2012-11-16 Created: 2012-11-16 Last updated: 2023-02-14Bibliographically approved
    2. Multi-unit common value auctions: a laboratory experiment with three sealed-bid mechansims
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Multi-unit common value auctions: a laboratory experiment with three sealed-bid mechansims
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study addresses a discrete common value environment with independent (one-dimensional) private signals, where the seller offers two identical units and the buyers have (flat) demand for both. Each session is conducted with2, 3 or 4 buyers. Three auction formats are used: the discriminatory, uniformand Vickrey auctions which are all subjected to a variation in the number of bidders and to repeating bid rounds on each subject. The main findings are that there are no significant differences between the uniform and the discriminatory auction in collecting revenue, while the Vickrey auction comes out as inferior. More bidders in the auction result in a greater revenue and level out the performance across the mechanisms. Demand reduction is visible in the experiment, but it is not as prominent as anticipated. Moreover, subjects come closer to equilibrium play over time. Finally, the winner’s curse is less severe than what is reported for inexperienced bidders in other studies.

    Keywords
    Laboratory Experiment, Multi-Unit Auction, Common Value Auction
    National Category
    Economics and Business
    Research subject
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-26446 (URN)
    Available from: 2012-11-16 Created: 2012-11-16 Last updated: 2023-02-14Bibliographically approved
    3. Multi-unit common value auctions: an experimental comparison between the static and the dynamic uniform auction
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Multi-unit common value auctions: an experimental comparison between the static and the dynamic uniform auction
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    It is still an open question whether the dynamic or the static format should be used in multi-unit settings, in a uniform price auction. The present study conducts an economic experiment in a common value environment, where it is found that it is more a question of whether the auctioneer wants to facilitate price discovery, and thereby lessen the otherwise pervasive overbidding, or if only the revenue is important. The experiment in the present paper provides evidence that the static format gives a significantly greater revenue than the dynamic auction, in both small and large group sizes. But a higher revenue comes at a cost; half of the auctions in the static format yield negative profits to the bidders, the winner’s curse is more severely widespread in the static auction, and only a minority of the bidders use the equilibrium bidding strategy.

    Keywords
    Laboratory Experiment, Multi-Unit Auction, Common Value Auction
    National Category
    Economics and Business
    Research subject
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-26447 (URN)
    Available from: 2012-11-16 Created: 2012-11-16 Last updated: 2023-02-14Bibliographically approved
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    fulltext
    Download (pdf)
    cover
    Download (pdf)
    spikblad
  • 15.
    Ahle, Julius
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Alfredéen, Daniel
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Home bias i svenska aktiefonder: En undersökning av tio globala aktiefonder och deras allokering i hemlandet2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    Home bias i svenska aktiefonder
  • 16.
    Ahlén, Jonathan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Hur empiriskt relevant är Taylor Rule idag?: En jämförelse av Sverige och USA.2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    Hur empiriskt relevant är Taylor Rule idag?:
  • 17.
    Ahlén, Jonathan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Policy Uncertainty Shocks in a Small Open Economy2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 18.
    Aklilu, Abenezer Zeleke
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Inflow2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study finds out if components of GDP can explain FDI inflow better than GDP itself. The analysis is based on two equations. The first equation includes GDP as one of determinants of FDI inflow and the other one substitute GDP with consumption expenditure and government expenditure as determinants of FDI inflow. The equations are estimated for four groups of data. The first group includes 103 countries from around the world. Then the countries are divided into three groups: high income countries, middle income countries and low income countries. Along with other determinants of FDI inflow, consumption expenditure is found to be a significant determinant for middle income and low income countries. Government expenditure is found to be a significant determinant for global FDI inflow and high income countries FDI inflow. GDP is also found to be a significant determinant for global, middle income countries and low income countries FDI inflow. Comparing the results of estimations from the two equations shows that both equations have equivalent explanatory power. Thus a choice between the two equations depends on the purpose of the selector and the groups of countries studied by the selector.

  • 19.
    Alfelt, Gustav
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Mazur, Stepan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Department of Economics and Statistics, School of Business and Economics, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden, Sweden.
    On the mean and variance of the estimated tangency portfolio weights for small samples2022In: Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications, ISSN 2351-6046, Vol. 9, no 4, p. 41p. 453-482Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, a sample estimator of the tangency portfolio (TP) weights is con-sidered. The focus is on the situation where the number of observations is smaller than the number of assets in the portfolio and the returns are i.i.d. normally distributed. Under these assumptions, the sample covariance matrix follows a singular Wishart distribution and, therefore, the regular inverse cannot be taken. In the paper, bounds and approximations for the first two moments of the estimated TP weights are derived, as well as exact results are obtained when the population covariance matrix is equal to the identity matrix, employing the Moore–Penrose inverse. Moreover, exact moments based on the reflexive generalized inverse are provided. The properties of the bounds are investigated in a simulation study, where they are compared to the sample moments. The difference between the moments based on the reflexive generalized inverse and the sample moments based on the Moore–Penrose inverse is also studied.

  • 20.
    Alfredson, Axel
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Ericson, Jonathan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Minska risken med guld: En kvantitativ studie för att undersöka guldets hedge- och diversifieringsegenskaper på den svenska marknaden2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 21.
    Alm, Anna
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Försäljning av bostadsrätter i Eriksberg: En studie om värdering av bostadsrätter2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 22.
    Alm, Carl
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Vilka faktorer förklarar nyanländas val att flytta från sin anvisade kommun till en annan under tiden i etableringsprocessen?2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 23.
    Alm, Carl
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lundin, Carl
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Kostnadsnyttoanalys avjobbskatteavdraget: Är jobbskatteavdraget en självfinansierad reform på lång sikt?2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 24.
    Alm, Kristina
    et al.
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Gustavsson, Annie
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Huspriser och finansiellt sparande2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 25.
    Aläng, Martin
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Konkurrensens effekt på betygssättning: En undersökning av slutbetyg på svenska gymnasier mellan 2000 och 2012.2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 26.
    Amir, Daban
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Kenyas export till samtliga handelspartner - påverkande faktorer?: En empirisk analys på makronivå med tillämpning av gravitationsmodellen2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Tidigare studier visar att ökad handel spelar en tydlig roll för ett lands ekonomiska tillväxt. Genom att träda in på den globala marknaden öppnas många möjligheter för ökad handel och nya arbetstillfällen. Utrikeshandeln är betydelsefull för små öppna ekonomier som till exempel Kenya och bör utgöra en stor del av landets BNP. I och med detta är det viktigt att studera vilka faktorer som påverkar ett lands utrikeshandel. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar Kenyas export. Analysen visar att handelspartnernas BNP har en betydande påverkan på Kenyas export. Det geografiska avståndet har en negativ påverkan på Kenyas utrikeshandel. De regionala handelsavtalen har som förväntat en positiv påverkan på exporten.

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    fulltext
  • 27.
    Amjadi Torshizi, Golnaz
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Does dissimilarity in corruption matter more for imports of intermediate goods than consumer goods?: A Panel data Study within a North-South trade framework2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 28.
    Andersen, Steffen
    et al.
    Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark .
    Cox, James C.
    Department of Economics and Experimental Economics Center, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University, USA.
    Harrison, Glenn W.
    Department of Risk Management & Insurance and Center for the Economic Analysis of Risk, Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, USA .
    Lau, Morten I.
    Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rutström, Elisabet
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Center for the Economic Analysis of Risk, Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, USA; Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Sadiraj, Vjollca
    Department of Economics and Experimental Economics Center, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University, USA.
    Asset Integration and Attitudes toward Risk: Theory and Evidence2018In: Review of Economics and Statistics, ISSN 0034-6535, E-ISSN 1530-9142, Vol. 100, no 5, p. 816-830Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We provide evidence that choices over small stakes bets are consistent with assumptions of some payoff calibration paradoxes. We then exploit the existence of detailed information on individual wealth of our experimental subjects in Denmark, and directly estimate risk attitudes and the degree of asset integration. We discover that behavior is consistent with partial, rather than full, asset integration. The implied risk attitudes from estimating these specifications indicate risk premia and certainty equivalents that are a priori plausible. This theory and evidence suggest one constructive solution to payoff calibration paradoxes.

  • 29.
    Andersen, Steffen
    et al.
    Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Dixit, Vinayak K.
    University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
    Martínez-Correa, Jimmy
    Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Rutström, Elisabet
    Georgia State University, Atlanta Georgia, USA.
    When the Field Is Not Enough: Using Complementary Field and Lab Experiments to Investigate Congestion Pricing Responses2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We use data from a field experiment collecting route choices using GPS recorders and a lab experiment eliciting risk attitude characteristics of drivers. We find that drivers behave in predicted ways in response to variations in average travel times, and in response to manipulations of route pricing. Demand functions are downward sloping in tolls and in travel times. We do not find that drivers respond to variations in the unreliability of travel times, but this is not due to their risk attitudes. Almost all drivers are risk averse, and express a revealed preference in favor of the relatively safe route that is increasing in risk aversion. Because the alternate routes are located at some distance apart, we suspect that the lack of response to travel time unreliability is to be found in biases in drivers expectations of unreliability.

  • 30.
    Andersen, Steffen
    et al.
    Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Harrison, Glenn W.
    Georgia State University, Atlanta, United States; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
    Lau, Morten I.
    Copenhagen Business School, Copenhagen, Denmark; Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.
    Rutström, Elisabet
    Georgia State University, Atlanta, United States; Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
    Multiattribute Utility Theory, Intertemporal Utility, and Correlation Aversion2018In: International Economic Review, ISSN 0020-6598, E-ISSN 1468-2354, Vol. 59, no 2, p. 537-555Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Convenient assumptions about qualitative properties of the intertemporal utility function have generated counterintuitive implications for the relationship between atemporal risk aversion and the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. If the intertemporal utility function is additively separable, then the latter two concepts are the inverse of each other. We review a theoretical specification with a long lineage in the literature on multi-attribute utility and use this theoretical structure to guide the design of a series of experiments that allow us to identify and estimate intertemporal correlation aversion. Our results show that subjects are correlation averse over lotteries with intertemporal income profiles.

  • 31.
    Andersson, Andreas
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Le, Quyet
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lönebildningen för läkare i Sverige2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 32.
    Andersson, Axel
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Gestrinius, Erik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Kommunspecifika faktorers påverkan på småhuspriser2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 33.
    Andersson, Daniel
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Högfrekvenshandel och dess påverkan på volatiliteten på OMXS302019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 34.
    Andersson, Daniel
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Pricing the black swan risk: Evidence from the Swedish stock market2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 35.
    Andersson Eidelöf, Carl-Oscar
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Nilsson, Niklas
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Högt pris hög kvalitet?: En empirisk analys av sambandet mellan pris och kvalitet på konsumentvaror2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sedan 50-talet har flera empiriska studier bevisat att det finns positiva samband mellan prisoch kvalitet på flera konsumentvarumarknader i olika länder. Även om korrelationen mellanpris och kvalitet vanligtvis är relativt låg, använder konsumenterna ändå priset som entumregel för att bedöma kvaliteten. I uppsatsen visas det empiriska sambandet mellan pris ochbedömd kvalitet för ett antal konsumentprodukter i Sverige som konsumenttidningen Råd &Rön har kvalitetstestat år 2011. Analysen baseras i huvudsak på Spearmansrangkorrelationstest (rs). Resultaten i vår uppsats är i linje med tidigare studier. Det finns ettpositiv samband mellan pris och kvalitet för de flesta produkter (rs = 0,40). Vår studie visardock på stora variationer i korrelationen för enskilda produkttyper. Vissa produkter visade tilloch med negativa samband mellan pris och kvalitet. Våra resultat antyder även att de högstrespektive lägst prissatta produkterna inte behöver ha högst respektive lägst kvalitet. Våraresultat ger ett svagt stöd för konsumenter att använda högt pris som en indikator på högkvalitet för de flesta elektronikprodukter.

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  • 36.
    Andersson Eidelöf, Carl-Oscar
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Viking, Tom
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Den verkliga kostnaden för aktiv förvaltning: En kvantitativ studie om fonders aktiva kostnad inom premiepensionen2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Det har länge pågått en debatt huruvida aktiv förvaltning kan prestera bättre än marknaden och därmed göra skäl för en högre avgift än den för passiv förvaltning. Studien är relevant då majoriteten av Sveriges befolkning fondsparar genom premiepensionen. Uppsatsen är av kvantitativ karaktär och utvärderar 40 svenska aktivt förvaltade aktiefonder inom premiepensionen under perioden oktober 2010 – september 2013. Närmare bestämt undersöks hur aktiva fonderna egentligen är samt den verkliga kostnaden för den aktiva förvaltningen.

     

    Metoden är uppbyggd som så att fonderna delas upp i en aktiv del och en passiv del, varvid kostnader samt prestationer allokeras mellan dessa delar. Alfa (prestationen) för fonderna är estimerat med OLS-metoden. Kostnaden för aktiv del ställs i förhållande till prestationen för aktiv del för att se om den högre avgift för aktiv förvaltning medför är rättfärdigad.

    Resultatet visar överlag att fonderna har en hög korrelation med index, i synnerhet storbolagsfonderna (R2 = 95 procent). 25 procent av fonderna har presterat bättre än marknaden, men enbart 5 procent påvisade en god prestation i förhållande till sin avgift. Majoriteten av fonderna (87,5 procent) presterade inte tillräckligt bra för att kunna rättfärdiga den högre avgift de tar ut för att aktivt förvalta fonden.

     

    Slutsatsen är att det i de flesta fall inte lönar sig med aktiv förvaltning inom premiepensionen, då majoriteten av fonderna inte lyckats prestera bättre än index eller täcka de aktiva förvaltningskostnaderna.

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  • 37.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Statistics Sweden, Örebro, Sweden.
    Johansson, Dan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Karlsson, Johan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Poldahl, Andreas
    Statistics Sweden, Örebro, Sweden.
    Female Top Management in Family Firms and Non-family Firms: Evidence from Total Population Data2018In: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, ISSN 1476-1297, E-ISSN 1741-8054, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 303-326Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We exploit information on ownership, management and kinship to study the representation of women in top management teams in Swedish family and non-family firms among domiciled limited liability firms over the years 2004 to 2010. The share of female top managers is analysed across listed and non-listed firms as well as across industries. We then estimate the likelihood that a woman is elected into the top management team in family and non-family firms using a probit regression model where we control for firm- and individual-level characteristics, including the gender distribution of the firm and kinship relations to existing board members and firm owners. We find that non-listed family firms are more likely to appoint female top managers, whereas we find no differences among listed firms. Moreover, we find that the gender composition and kinship structures of firms influence the appointment of female top managers.

  • 38.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Statistics Sweden, Örebro, Sweden.
    Johansson, Dan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. HUI Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Johan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Poldahl, Andreas
    Statistics Sweden, Örebro, Sweden.
    The Characteristics and Performance of Family Firms: Exploiting information on ownership, governance and kinship using total population data2017Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Family firms are often considered characteristically different from non-family firms, and the economic implications of these differences have generated significant academic debate. However, our understanding of family firms suffers from an inability to identify them in total population data, as this requires information on owners, their kinship and involvement in firm governance, which is rarely available. We present a method for identifying domiciled family firms using register data that offers greater accuracy than previous methods. We then apply it to data from Statistics Sweden concerning firm ownership, governance and kinship over the years 2004-2010. Next, we use Swedish data to estimate these firms’ economic contribution to total employment and gross domestic product (GDP) and compare them to private domiciled non-family firms in terms of their characteristics and economic performance. We find that the family firm is the prevalent organizational form, contributing to over one-third of all employment and GDP. Family firms are common across industries and sizes, ranging from the smallest producers to the largest multinational firms. However, their characteristics differ across sizes and legal forms, thereby indicating that the seemingly contradictory findings among previous studies on family firms may be due to unobserved heterogeneity. We furthermore find that they are smaller than private non-family firms in employment and sales and carry higher solidity, although they are more profitable. These differences diminish with firm size, however. We conclude that the term ‘family firm’ contains great diversity and call for increased attention to their heterogeneity.

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    The Characteristics and Performance of Family Firms: Exploiting information on ownership, governance and kinship using total population data
  • 39.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    SCB, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Johansson, Dan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. HUI Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Johan
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Ratio, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Poldahl, Andreas
    SCB, Stockholm, Sweden.
    The Characteristics of Family Firms: Exploiting Information on Ownership, Kinship and Governance Using Total Population Data2018In: Small Business Economics, ISSN 0921-898X, E-ISSN 1573-0913, Vol. 51, no 3, p. 539-556Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Family firms are often considered characteristically different from non-family firms. However, our understanding of family firms suffers from an inability to identify them in total population data; information is rarely available regarding owners, their kinship, and their involvement in firm governance. We present a method for identifying domiciled family firms using register data; this method offers greater accuracy than previous methods. We apply this method to Swedish data concerning firm ownership, governance, and kinship from 2004 to 2010. We find that the family firm is a significant organizational form, contributing over one third of all employment and gross domestic product (GDP). Family firms are common in most industries and range in size. Furthermore, we find that, compared to private non-family firms, family firms have fewer total assets, employment, and sales and carry higher solidity, although family firms are more profitable. These differences diminish with firm size. We conclude that the term “family firm” includes a large variety of firms, and we call for increased attention to their heterogeneity.

  • 40.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Department of Economics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Jordahl, Henrik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden, CESifo, Stockholm, Sweden, IZA, Bonn, Germany.
    Josephson, Jens
    Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Outsourcing Public Services: Contractibility, Cost, and Quality2019Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We review the literature on public sector outsourcing to explore if the theoretical predictions from the incomplete contracts literature hold up to recent empirical evidence. Guided by theory, we arrange services according to the type and magnitude of their contractibility problems. The empirical studies point at rather favourable outsourcing outcomes, in terms of costs and quality, for services without severe contracting problems. The picture is more mixed for services with tougher contracting problems, with the weight of the evidence in favour of public provision. This difference between services is largely in line with the property-rights framework and theories of incomplete contracts.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Outsourcing Public Services: Contractibility, Cost, and Quality
  • 41.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden; IFN, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Jordahl, Henrik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. IFN, Stockholm, Sweden; Cesifo, Munich, Germany; IZA, Bonn, Germany.
    Josephson, Jens
    IFN, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Outsourcing Public Services: Contractibility, Cost, and Quality2019Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We review the literature on public sector outsourcing to explore if the theoretical predictions from the incomplete contracts literature hold up to recent empirical evidence. Guided by theory, we arrange services according to the type and magnitude of their contractibility problems. The empirical studies point at rather favourable outsourcing outcomes, in terms of costs and quality, for services without severe contracting problems. The picture is more mixed for services with tougher contracting problems, with the weight of the evidence in favour of public provision. This difference between services is largely in line with the property-rights framework and theories of incomplete contracts.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Outsourcing Public Services: Contractibility, Cost, and Quality
  • 42.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), stockholm, Sweden; Department of Economics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Jordahl, Henrik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden; CESifo, Munich, Germany; IZA, Bonn, Germany.
    Josephson, Jens
    Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Business School, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Outsourcing Public Services: Contractibility, Cost, and Quality2019In: CESifo Economic Studies, ISSN 1610-241X, E-ISSN 1612-7501, Vol. 65, no 4, p. 349-372Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We review the literature on public sector outsourcing to explore if the theoretical predictions from the incomplete contracts literature hold up to recent empirical evidence. Guided by theory, we arrange services according to the type and magnitude of their contractibility problems. The empirical studies point at rather favourable outsourcing outcomes, in terms of costs and quality, for services without severe contracting problems. The picture is more mixed for services with tougher contracting problems, with the weight of the evidence in favour of public provision. This difference between services is largely in line with the property-rights framework and theories of incomplete contracts.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Outsourcing Public Services: Contractibility, Cost, and Quality
  • 43.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. SCB.
    Lodefalk, Magnus
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Svenska affärsänglar: hur lyckas de med sina investeringar?2018In: Ekonomisk Debatt, ISSN 0345-2646, Vol. 46, no 3, p. 29-39Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Aktiebolag som affärsänglar investerar i blir med högre sannolikhet snabbväxande företag, s k gasellföretag, jämfört med ett slumpmässigt valt aktiebolag. Resultatet håller även efter att affärsänglarnas företag jämförts med liknande ”tvillingföretags” tillväxt. Detta kan indikera att det är affärsänglarna som bidrar och hjälper till att utveckla företag i stället för att de enbart väljer ut ”vinnarföretag” att investera i, s k picking cherries-beteende.

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    Svenska affärsänglar: hur lyckas de med sina investeringar
  • 44.
    Andersson, Fredrik W.
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Statistics Sweden (SCB), Örebro, Sweden.
    Jordahl, Henrik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kärnä, Anders
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ballooning bureaucracy? Stylized facts of growing administration in Swedish higher education2024In: Constitutional Political Economy, ISSN 1043-4062, E-ISSN 1572-9966, Vol. 35, p. 303-326Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    All organizations need to allocate labor to production and administration. In many cases—particularly within the public sector—the optimal allocation is far from obvious. Indeed, vocal concerns have been raised about the administrative burden in several public services, not least in education. We investigate this issue using detailed registry data on all employees at Swedish universities and colleges from 2005 to 2019 and document three stylized facts. First, the group of highly educated administrators has grown rapidly, almost by a factor of seven compared with teachers and researchers. Second, the number of less-educated administrators has stayed flat. Third, the time that teachers and researchers spend on administrative tasks has been roughly constant over time. This indicates that resources have been diverted from teaching and research and raises fears of excessive administrative growth in Swedish higher education.

  • 45.
    Andersson, Guadalupe
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Determinants of economic growth across Sweden: An analysis of exogenous and endogenous economic growth and convergence2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    fulltext
  • 46.
    Andersson, Henrik
    et al.
    Toulouse School of Economics, University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse, France.
    Hultkrantz, Lars
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lindberg, Gunnar
    The Institute of Transport Economics, Oslo, Norway.
    Nilsson, Jan-Eric
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Transport Studies, KTH, Sweden .
    Economic Analysis and Investment Priorities in Sweden's Transport Sector2018In: Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, ISSN 2194-5888, E-ISSN 2152-2812, Vol. 9, no 1, p. 120-146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Beginning as a planning tool within Sweden's national road administration some 50 years ago, benefit-cost analysis (BCA) has come to be a pillar of the national transport policy because of subsequent strategic choices made by the national parliament. These choices made it necessary to widen the analysis of costs to include also externalities and a foregone conclusion was that efficient investment priorities should be made based on BCA. But no one asked whether the political decision makers or the BCA models were up to that task. This paper reviews the institutional framework and practice of BCA in Sweden for transport infrastructure investment, and considers design issues that have been and still are debated, such as whether the discount rate should include a risk term and how to account for the marginal cost of public funds. A main concern with BCA results is the underestimation of construction costs, making transport sector projects look better than they are. Several ex post analyses have established that a higher NPV ratio increases the probability of being included in the investment program proposal prepared by the agency. The requirement to let projects undergo BCA seems to make planners trim project proposals by trying to reduce investment costs without significantly reducing benefits. This relationship is weaker among profitable projects. Moreover, there is no correlation between rate of return and the probability of being included in the final program, which is established on political grounds.

  • 47.
    Andersson, Henrik
    et al.
    Department of Transport Economics, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Svensson, Mikael
    Örebro University, Department of Business, Economics, Statistics and Informatics.
    Cognitive ability and scale bias in the contingent valuation method: An analysis of willingness to pay to reduce mortality risk2008In: Environmental and Resource Economics, ISSN 0924-6460, E-ISSN 1573-1502, Vol. 39, no 4, p. 481-495Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates whether or not the scale bias found in contingent valuation (CVM) studies on mortality risk reductions is a result of cognitive constraints among respondents. Scale bias refers to insensitivity and non-near-proportionality of the respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP) to the size of the risk reduction. Two hundred Swedish students participated in an experiment in which their cognitive ability was tested before they took part in a CVM-study asking them about their WTP to reduce bus-mortality risk. The results imply that WTP answers from respondents with a higher cognitive ability are less flawed by scale bias

  • 48.
    Andersson, Henrik
    et al.
    Toulouse School of Economics, Toulouse, France.
    Svensson, Mikael
    Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Scale sensitivity and question order in the contingent valuation method2014In: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, ISSN 0964-0568, E-ISSN 1360-0559, Vol. 57, no 11, p. 1746-1761Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the effect on respondents’ willingness to pay to reduce mortality risk by the order of the questions in a stated preference study. Using answers from an experiment conducted on a Swedish sample where respondents’ cognitive ability was measured and where they participated in a contingent valuation survey, it was found that scale sensitivity is strongest when respondents are asked about a smaller risk reduction first (‘bottom-up’ approach). This contradicts some previous evidence in the literature. It was also found that the respondents’ cognitive ability is more important for showing scale sensitivity when respondents are asked about a larger risk reduction first (‘top-down’ approach), also reinforcing the result that a ‘bottom-up’ approach is more consistent with answers in line with theoretical predictions for a larger proportion of respondents.

  • 49.
    Andersson, Jacob
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Lantz, Malin
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Har det varit fördelaktigt att valutasäkra?2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 50.
    Andersson, Josefine
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Gamerov, Lukas
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Kombinatörer: Vad påverkar individer som väljer att kombinera anställning med eget företagande2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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