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  • 1.
    Aarebrot, Frank
    et al.
    Institutt for sammenliknende politikk, Universitetet i Bergen.
    Berglund, Sten
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Statehood, Secularisation, Cooperation: Explaining Democratic Survival in Inter-War Europe - Stein Rokkan's Conceptual Map Revisited1995In: Historical social research / Historische Sozialforschung, ISSN 0172-6404, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 210-225Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article addresses itself to the crisis of democracy in inter-war Europe which saw the breakdown of one democratic regime after the other with Czechoslovakia as the only survivor case in Eastern and Central Europe by the end of this period. It is cast within the framework of Stein Rokkan's seminal conceptual map of Europe which is expanded in order to account for countries and variables originally not included in his analytical scheme. The analysis leads to the following conclusion: where the state building was weak and the legacy of empire strong, or where secular nation building was still impaired by deeply rooted religious sentiments, or where significant segments representing major cleavages where not coopted into a constitutional compromise, the chances for democratic survival in inter-war Europe were slim indeed. The conclusion applies to the inter-war era alone, but it clearly has implications for contemporary Europe. Noting that statehood and secularization ranked high on the agenda of communist Eastern Europe, the authors raise the paradoxical question if the success of democracy in this part of the world may in fact be a byproduct of the extent to which the now defunct communist regimes were successful in promoting their pet goals.

  • 2.
    Aarebrot, Frank
    et al.
    Institutt for sammenliknende politikk, Universitetet i Bergen.
    Berglund, Sten
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Weninger, Thomas
    Institute of Political Science, University of Vienna.
    The View from EFTA1998In: Public Opinion and Internationalized Governance / [ed] Oskar Niedermayer, Richard Sinnott, Oxford: Oxford University Press , 1998, p. 344-367Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

     This chapter examines public opinion regarding European Community integration in the five small but comparatively prosperous countries in the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). The evidence reveals a split. On the one hand, there is the positive endorsement expressed in Austria, Finland and Sweden; on the other, there is the negative assessment expressed in Norway and Switzerland. This ambivalence confirms that the impact of centre-periphery location is complex. Moreover, as the Norwegian and Swiss cases indicate, the centre-periphery cleavage within countries is as relevant as that between countries to an understanding of support for internationalized governance.

  • 3.
    Agrell, Christina
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Larsson, Sofia
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Beskrivningar av pojkar och flickor i sociala utredningar i LVU-ärenden1997Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Differences in descriptions of boys and girls are studied in 26 child protection cases. There are several differences, i.e. boys are described as aggressive and girls as worried. 

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  • 4.
    Ahlberg [Alsarve], Jenny
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Roman, Christine
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Duncan, Simon
    Actualizing the 'democratic family'?: Swedish policy rhetoric versus family practices2008In: Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State and Society, ISSN 1072-4745, E-ISSN 1468-2893, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 79-100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we examine empirically a key element of individualization theory—the democratic family. We do so using the “acid test” of family policy, and family practice, in Sweden. First, we review the progress of family policy in Sweden since the 1960s, which has expressly promoted an agenda of gender equality and democracy in families, with individual autonomy for both adults and children as one key element. We then turn to family practice, looking particularly at negotiation and adult equality, lifelong parenting after separation, and children's autonomy. While Swedish policy makers and shapers seem to have developed the idea of the democratic family long before the sociologist Anthony Giddens, the results in practice have been more ambivalent. While there has been change, there is more adaptation to pre-existing gender and generational norms.

  • 5.
    Ahrne, Göran
    et al.
    Sociologi, Stockholms universitet,Sweden.
    Roman, Christine
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Hemmet, barnen och makten: förhandlingar om arbete och pengar i familjen : rapport till Utredningen om fördelningen av ekonomisk makt och ekonomiska resurser mellan kvinnor och män1997 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
  • 6.
    Amnå, Erik
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Eriksson, Cecilia [ Arensmeier ]
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Frihet, jämlikhet och ovisshet2007In: En ny demokrati, Stockholm: Global utmaning , 2007, p. 10-14Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Andersson [Andershed], Anna-Karin
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    The rhythm of adolescence: morningness-eveningness and adjustment from a developmental perspective2001Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent developmental research, sleep-wake patterns and preferences, in other words Morningness-Eveningness, have been shown to be related to various kinds of problem behavior. Previous research on adolescents has demonstrated that individuals with a sleep-wake preference toward staying up late in the evening and arising late in the morning (i.e., Eveningness), are more likely to face problems in development. Accordingly, Eveningness has been proposed as a risk factor in development, but through processes which researchers have not been able to fully explain. The present dissertation focuses on the relationship between Morningness-Eveningness and developmental patterns across contexts in adolescence. Links between Morningness-Eveningness, and negative adjustment, life style, personality characteristics, family relationships, peer networks, and school achievement, are discussed within an interactionistic framework. Also, factors that might explain and/or moderate these associations are elucidated. The empirical material stems from two cohorts of 8th grade adolescents in a middle size Swedish community. Eveningness is proposed to be a concurrent marker of risk behavior. However, there seems to be different kinds of Evening types that encounter different kinds of problems. Also, the present findings do not support the notion of Morningness being protective. How temporal patterns in general, and Eveningness in particular, are connected to other behaviors is emphasized as important knowledge for stemming negative developmental processes and facilitating positive outcomes.

  • 8.
    Andersson, Roger
    et al.
    IBF, Uppsala universitet.
    Elander, Ingemar
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Selectieve armenzorg: asmoedebestrijding en gemeentelijk welzijnsbeleid in Zweden2003In: Agora : tijdschrift voor sociaal-ruimtelijke vraagstukken, ISSN 1380-6319, Vol. 19, no 1, p. 23-26Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Andersson, Solveig
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ullefors, Elisabeth
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Barns rolltillstånd i polisförhör2000Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose is to study how police interrogators and children go into different role states during the interrogations. Both interrogatiors and children go into different role states and influence each other to go into role states. 

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  • 10.
    Arvidsson, Barbro
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Barns svar på ledande och/eller pressande frågor och påståenden samt svarseffekt av olika grader av information1998Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet är att undersöka hur barns svar i utredande samtal påverkas av ledande och/eller pressande frågor och påståenden samt av olika instruktioner angående betydelsen av korrekhet hos svaren. Totalt 36 barn i sexårsåldern medverkade i studien. Resultaten antyder att instruktionen påverkar korrekthet, konfidens samt utförlighet i svaren.

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  • 11.
    Arén, Linda
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Pekár, Kristina
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    LVU-utredningar ur ett könsperspektiv2000Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Twenty child protection investigations are critically examined out of a gender perspective. Differences in arguments and attributions are shown.

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  • 12.
    Axelsson, Linda
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Björck, Eva
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Samtalsminnen inom polisförhör med barn och ungdomar1997Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose is to investigate what categories of conversation memories occur from police interrogators and from interviewed children. Twenty police interrogations were examined. One category system is shown for different conversation memories by the interrogators and two category systems are shown for the conversation memories from those who are interviewed.

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  • 13.
    Axelsson, Maria
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Press i utredande samtal med barn1999Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Preschool children (N = 32; boys and girls 3 and 5 year old) were interviewed, first in a neutral manner and then with some press. The resulats showed changed patterns of responding when press was used. 

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  • 14.
    Benyamine, Michelle
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Natural Sciences.
    Lidskog, Rolf
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Sandén, Per
    Forest nitrogen fertilisationManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 15.
    Benyamine, Michelle
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Natural Sciences.
    Lidskog, Rolf
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Sandén, Per
    Why forest nitrogen fertilization is debatedManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 16.
    Berglund, Sten
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Does local democracy matter?2003In: Baltic democracy at the crossroads: an eliite perspective / [ed] Sten Berglund, Kjetil Duvold, Kristiansand: HøyskoleForlaget , 2003, p. 181-201Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Berglund, Sten
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    East European multi-party systems1988Book (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Berglund, Sten
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    The breakdown of the German Democratic Republic1994In: The new democracies in Eastern Europe: party systems and political cleavages / [ed] Sten Berglund, Jan Åke Dellenbrant, Aldershot: Edward Elgar , 1994, 2, p. 117-141Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 19.
    Berglund, Sten
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    The consolidation of democratic governance in East Central Europe2003In: Japanese Journal of Political Science, ISSN 1468-1099, E-ISSN 1474-0060, Vol. 4, no 2, p. 191-213Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 20.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Aarebrot, Frank
    Universitet i Bergen.
    The political history of Eastern Europe in the 20th century: the struggle between democracy and dictatorship1997Book (Other academic)
  • 21.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Aarebrot, Frank H.
    Universitetet i Bergen.
    Vogt, Henri
    Helsingfors Universitet.
    Karasimeonov, Georgi
    University of Sofia.
    Challenges to democracy: Eastern Europe ten years after the collapse of communism2001 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Aarebrot, Frank
    Institutt for sammenliknende politikk, Universitetet i Bergen.
    Koralewicz, Jadwiga
    Polish Academy of Sciences , Warzawa.
    The View from Central and Eastern Europe1995In: Public Opinion and Internationalized Governance / [ed] Oskar Niedermayer, Richard Sinnott, Oxford: Oxford University Pess , 1995, p. 368-401Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter begins with a macro-level analysis of post-Cold War attitudes to European Community integration within the CEE countries, and examines the extent to which these attitudes reflect differences in character and pace of progress towards democratization. It then turns to micro-level analysis of public opinion survey data for answers to three issues: the state of CEE public opinion about European integration in general and about EC membership in particular; the identity of groups favouring or opposing EC membership; the extent of nationalism and xenophobia in the CEE countries, and their likely impact on support for EC integration.

  • 23.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Dellenbrant, Jan Åke
    Prospects for the new democracies in Eastern Europe1994In: The new democracies in Eastern Europe: party systems and political cleavages / [ed] Sten Berglund, Jan Åke Dellenbrant, Aldershot: Edward Elgar , 1994, 2, p. 238-252Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Dellenbrant, Jan Åke
    Svensk partiregionalism1986Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 25.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Dellenbrant, Jan Åke
    The breakdown of communism in Eastern Europe1994In: The new democracies in Eastern Europe: party systems and political cleavages / [ed] Sten Berglund, Jan Åke Dellenbrant, Aldershot: Edward Elgar , 1994, 2, p. 1-13Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Dellenbrant, Jan Åke
    The evolution of party systems in Eastern Europe1992In: Communist Studies and Transition Politics, ISSN 1352-3279, E-ISSN 1743-9116, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 148-159Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Stalinist and neo-Stalinist system of government was imposed on Eastern Europe by the leading member of the Soviet bloc. It was a centralized and authoritarian system that was capable of transformation only within boundaries defined by the ruling communist parties. The revolution of 1989-90 was a byproduct of a permanent legitimacy crisis in Eastern Europe compounded by a series of serious political and economic mistakes. In the aftermath of the anti-communist revolution, a new process of evolution away from the Stalinist system has been entered upon, in which the party systems of Eastern Europe have undergone profound change, as new cleavages have appeared and old cleavages have reasserted themselves.

  • 27.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Dellenbrant, Jan Åke
    The failure of popular democracy1994In: The new democracies in Eastern Europe: party systems and political cleavages / [ed] Sten Berglund, Jan Åke Dellenbrant, Aldershot: Edward Elgar , 1994, 2, p. 14-35Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Dellenbrant, Jan Åke
    The new democracies in Eastern Europe: party systems and political cleavages1994Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Duvold, KjetilSödertörns högskola.
    Baltic democracy at the crossroads: an elite perspective2003Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Duvold, Kjetil
    Södertörns högskola.
    The challenge of elites2003In: Baltic democracy at the crossroads: an elite perspective / [ed] Sten Berglund, Kjetil Duvold, Kristiansand: HøyskoleForlaget , 2003, p. 9-22Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Duvold, Kjetil
    Södertörns högskola.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    The Baltic states and the European challenge: independence versus security2007In: Political culture: values and identities in the Baltic Sea region / [ed] Mai-Brith Schartau, Sten Berglund, Bernd Henningsen, Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag , 2007, p. 159-181Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Duvold, Kjetil
    Södertörns högskola.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Schymik, Carsten
    Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), Berlin.
    Where does Europe end?: Borders, limits and directions of the EU2009 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    The current state of political science in Sweden2007In: The state of political science in Western Europe / [ed] Hans-Dieter Klingemann, Opladen: Barbara Budrich , 2007, p. 342-360Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 34.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Aarebrot, Frank H.
    Universitetet i Bergen.
    The diversity of post-communist Europe2004In: The handbook of political change in Eastern Europe / [ed] Sten Berglund, Joakim Ekman, Frank H. Aarebrot, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar , 2004, 2, p. 1-12Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ekman, JoakimSödertörns högskola.Aarebrot, Frank H.Universitet i Bergen.
    The handbook of political change in Eastern Europe2004Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Vogt, Henri
    University of Helsinki.
    Aarebrot, Frank H.
    University of Bergen.
    The making of the European Union: foundations, institutions and future trends2006 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Hellén, Tomas
    Aarebrot, Frank
    Universitet i Bergen.
    Foundations of change1998In: The handbook of political change in Eastern Europe / [ed] Sten Berglund, Tomas Hellén, Frank H. Aarebrot, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 1998, 1, p. 1-12Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 38.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Hellén, TomasAarebrot, Frank H.Institutt for sammenliknende politikk, Universitetet i Bergen.
    The handbook of political change in Eastern Europe1998Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Linde, Jonas
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ekman, Joakim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    An assessment of support for democracy in the new EU member states2004In: Central Europe beyond double enlargement / [ed] Algimantas Jankauskas, Ramunas Vilpisauskas, Inga Vinogradnaite, Vilnius: Institute of International Relations and Political Science , 2004Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 40.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Lindström, Ulf
    Department of Political science, University of Umeå .
    The Scandinavian party system(s) in transition (?): a macro-level analysis1979In: European Journal of Political Research, ISSN 0304-4130, E-ISSN 1475-6765, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 187-204Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A fifty-year period of tranquility in the Scandinavian party arena was broken in 1970 with the success of the Finnish Rural Party and the Swedish Center Party. Three years later, Denmark and Norway witnessed the break-through of heretofore unknown parties: the Progressive Party, the Center Democrats and the Norwegian Anders Lange's Party. Social Democracy consistently came out as the big loser.

    This paper focuses on party system stability and its correlates in postwar Scandinavia. What was it that the losing parties failed to adapt to: changing social conflict structures, changing political realities or both?

    The data from all four countries concur in highlighting the importance of the political as opposed to the sociological. The social changes which manifested themselves in the early '70s, most notably the decrease in class voting, were not dramatic enough to undermine the class character of the party systems. Even the new arrivals make sense in a left-right perspective. The drop in class voting was an asset to whatever party knew how to take advantage of it; and the realigning elections in the early part of this decade testify to the unwillingness rather than the inability of most parties to do so.

  • 41.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Risbjerg Thomsen, SörenÅrhus universitet.
    Modern political ecological analysis1990Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Risbjerg Thomsen, Sören
    Wörlund, Ingemar
    Mittuniversitet.
    The mobilization of the Swedish vote: an ecological analysis of the general elections of 1928, 1948 and 19681990In: Modern political ecological analysis / [ed] Sten Berglund, Sören Risbjerg Thomsen, Åbo: Åbo akademi , 1990, p. 63-77Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 43.
    Berglund, Sten
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Wörlund, Ingemar
    Institutionen för Samhällsvetenskap, Mittuniversitetet.
    The disintegration of the Swedish five-party system or the success of small parties on an increasingly oligopolitic market1990In: Nordic political science conference in Reykjavik, Iceland 15-19 August 1990 / [ed] Sten Berglund, Ingemar Wörlund, 1990Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 44.
    Blom, Agneta
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Chefsliv: landstingschefer ur ett genusperspektiv1998 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna bok behandlar chefskapet i landstingen ur ett genusperspektiv. Några resultat som framkommit visar, att de största skillnaderna mellan de kvinnliga och de manliga chefernas situation står att finna i hemmasfären. De kvinnliga cheferna förefaller leva ett mer jämställt liv med sina makar än manliga chefer gör. Vidare framträder tecken på att kvinnliga och manliga chefer har tillgång till och bygger olika typer av kontaktnätverk, vilket i sin tur kan påverka deras förutsättningar att bli framgångsrika i sitt jobb. Bland andra intressanta resultat från studien kan nämnas att kvinnliga och manliga chefers villkor och arbetsförutsättningar är olika så att de på grund av sitt kön ställs inför olika krav och förväntningar om hur de ska uppträda i sin chefsroll.

  • 45.
    Blom, Agneta
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Kvinnligt, manligt, cheflikt1998In: Kommunal ekonomi och politik, ISSN 1402-8700, Vol. 2, no 3, p. 7-25Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the article is to discuss in what way stereotype notions of leadership and male and female leaders mig affect executive´s conditions and changes of working on equal terms, irrespective of what sex they are. By means of a study of Swedish county council administration managers, which was carried out using three different methods, the author has found that male and female administration managers look at their executive work in a similar way, but still seem to accomplish their tasks differently. Also, women are generally seen as being of less authority than men. The author holds, however, that this may be an effect of people´s forming an opinion of male and female leaders respectively on the basis of their own expectations.

  • 46.
    Borumand, Maryam
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Socialtjänstens maktutövning1995Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose is to based on literature investigate how the social services control citizens. Four case examples are used. The values and interests of those in power dominate the social services, research and use of knowledge. Those in power control research resources and produce knowledge for own interests and purposes. 

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  • 47.
    Brikell, Berndt H.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Negotiating the international waste trade: a discourse analysis2000Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates the historic development of the management of the international hazardous waste (HW) trade problem, between 1972 and 2000. The method used in the study is discourse analysis, and it is undertaken through the usage of two different perspectives. The first deals with the research question: 'What kind of discourse is produced?' The second relates to Foucault's question: 'What kind of an actor is produced?' A third question is added: 'What kind of global environmental discourse is created?'

    These questions are considered during eleven international negotiations. In the first part of the study the discursive development is scrutinised and in the second the actors interaction with the HW-trade discourse is in focus. The empirical material comes from literature, documents, interviews and direct observations.

    The result of the early development in this area was a discourse that created the OECD-system for HW-trade. This system was expanded to a global level with the Basel Conference in 1989. The resulting convention was based on regulation of the HW-trade. This order of things was challenged and was later 'changed' by an amendment to the convention. This amendment demanded a total ban on the HW-exports from developed to developing states. In the end of the studied period it has been argued that the HW-trade ought to be a part of the World Trade Organization (WTO) dominated free trade discourse.

    The result of the study's second part show that no state is powerful enough to enforce its will upon the others in this issue area. In 1989, when the Basel Convention was negotiated, it was made possible because various actors operated in a coherent manner and that the most important actors supported the draft convention that the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) had been promoting during two years of prenegotiations. Changes of substance are made possible through this type of discourse coalition. The ban amendment was enforced by a similar but less powerful discourse coalition. The 'real' changes are rare though.

  • 48.
    Bro, Anders
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Från hälsovård till miljöskydd: en historisk institutionell analys av kommunal ansvarsutveckling2000Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Modern central-local relations are in general characterised by decentralisation in nearly all policy fields, with growing demands for local adjustment and direct democracy. At the same time, the political parties are criticised of trying to implement environmental politics in the municipalities, which are strongly characterised by national goals and strategies. The aim of this study is to describe and analyse changes in the responsibility distribution between the state and the municipalities in a historical perspective with a focus on two environmentally oriented policy areas - health protection and environmental protection , and seek to understand and explain why these changes occur.

    The fundamental explanatory approach of the thesis is historical institutionalism, a combined actor-structure approach which presumes that institutions and ideas are expected to institutionalise certain central-local relations over time. The study is based upon the assumption that changes in municipal responsibility are presumed to happen slowly, but at certain formative moments, actors carry through fundamental changes. The study shows that health protection, from the end of the 19th century, has had a tradition of local responsibility. When environmental politics appeared on the political agenda during the 1960ies the political debate resulted in a centralised organisation, which however changed and the municipalities were gradually given a more active and important role. It is shown that general state and municipal ideas, as well as policy specific ideas and the already established responsibility distribution between the state and the municipalities have institutionalised the municipal responsibility development in certain ways. The formative moments do not crystallise automatically, but depend on what approach we adopt, and what we characterise as fundamental and incrementalistic changes.

  • 49.
    Broberg, Alexander
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Edvardsson, Bo
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Instruktionsminne: Förmågan att kunna erinra och hålla isär korta instruktioner2002Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The ability to remember a 30 word long military order given as number 2 of 3 orders was studied for N = 53 conscripts. The participants remembered tha first part of the order best. 

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  • 50.
    Brunnberg, Elinor
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Are boys and girls treated in the same way by the social services?2002In: Gender in social work: promoting equality / [ed] Christine Gruber, Helga Stefanov, Lyme Regis: Russell House , 2002, p. 119-131Chapter in book (Other academic)
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