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  • 1.
    Adenskog, Magnus
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Urban Studies.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Urban Studies.
    Eirtö, Tatiana
    Department of Social Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
    Karlsson, Martin
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Urban Studies.
    Ruoppila, Sampo
    Department of Social Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
    Thiel, Sarah-Kristin
    Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
    Balancing Potential and Risk: The Living Lab Approach in Mobile Participation Research2017In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743, E-ISSN 1611-3349, no 10429, p. 12-23Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Living labs as a research approach have been said to hold many promises regarding the evaluation of state-of-the art technologies in real-world contexts, for instance by allowing close cooperation with various stakeholders. At the same time, a living lab approach is connected with substantial complexity and increased risk. This paper elaborates on a conducted living lab with the objective to explore challenges and opportunities of mobile participation. For this purpose, a novel mobile application enabling interaction between citizens and city authorities was tested over a period of five months in Turku, Finland. In this paper, we describe identified risks associated with a living lab approach to mobile participation research. We conclude with an overall evaluation regarding the appropriateness of the living lab approach within the e-participation research field and provide recommendations on how to balance potential and risk in future projects. 

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    Balancing Potential and Risk: The Living Lab Approach in Mobile Participation Research
  • 2.
    Airaksinen, Jenni
    et al.
    University of Tampere, Finland.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Perceptions of power in regional networks: a nordic comparative analysis2009In: Local Government Studies, ISSN 0300-3930, E-ISSN 1743-9388, Vol. 35, no 5, p. 595-614Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this article is to explore the differentiated attitudes towards power in Nordic regional networks. The analysis draws upon a unique comparative survey targeting regional network participants in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. Three specific issues of power are studied: (1) the perceived influence of different actors in regional networks, (2) the perceived mandate of network members, and (3) the perceived impact of networks on regional development. When searching for the national political specifics that might determine participants' different attitudes, State administrative traditions and regional institutional set-ups are of particular interest. While regional governance in all countries is going through a period of transformative flux, the results show strong association with historical paths. The western countries' networks are characterised by less State influence, more influence by regional stakeholders, greater discretionary power of network members, and they are perceived to have more of an impact on regional development than their eastern counterparts. The results suggest that networks do not represent dichotomous alternatives to formal institutions of regional policy-making, but that they are linked to them in complex ways.

  • 3.
    Alexopoulou, Sofia
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    How the Responsibility of Digital Support for Older People is Allocated? The Swedish Welfare System at the Crossroads2022In: Research on Ageing and Social Policy, ISSN 2014-6728, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 48-76Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A great welfare challenge today is to promote opportunities for greater digitalization, while limiting social inequalities from digital divides, especially for older people. While the digital divide is a dynamic problem, shifting from physical access to skills and usage, public policies to close the divide do not necessarily follow. This study explores who is providing digital support in Sweden by looking at three institutions: (1) the municipal eldercare system, (2) popular education institutions, and (3) the family. The results show that the Swedish policy relies heavily on popular education and family arrangements, leaving many young-old Swedes in need of digital support without public support, while the opposite occurs for very old Swedes who are mostly consumers of welfare technologies. Issues of dependency or the other way around arise. Given this, the role of the Swedish welfare state, which sets the tone of the Swedish welfare regime,needs to be re-evaluated, especially in light of the demographic challenge (a growing number of older people).

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    How the Responsibility of Digital Support for Older People is Allocated? The Swedish Welfare System at the Crossroads
  • 4.
    Alexopoulou, Sofia
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Karlsson, Martin
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    The grey digital divide and welfare state regimes: a comparative study of European countries2022In: Information Technology and People, ISSN 0959-3845, E-ISSN 1758-5813, Vol. 35, no 8, p. 273-291Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Technology access, digital skills, and digital services are increasingly prerequisites for public life and accessing public services. The digital divide in contemporary societies matters for efforts to digitalize the welfare state. Research has already mapped individual determinants of digital exclusion and the existence of an age-related digital divide. However, far less attention has been paid to variations in digital inclusion between countries and to their potential explanations related to political systems. This study explores the influence of variations in welfare regimes on the digital divide among seniors (aged 65+) in Europe.

    Design/methodology/approach: This article presents time-series cross-sectional analyses of the relationship between welfare state regimes and digital inclusion among seniors in European countries. The analyses are based on data from Eurostat, the World Bank, and the UN E-Government Survey.

    Findings: The authors find extensive variation in the digital inclusion of citizens between welfare regimes and argue that considering regime differences improves the understanding of these variations. The findings indicate that the age-related digital divide seems to be least evident in countries with more universalistic welfare regimes and most evident in countries where seniors rely more on their families.

    Originality/value: This is the first comparative study of the association between welfare state regimes and digital inclusion among seniors.

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    The grey digital divide and welfare state regimes: a comparative study of European countries
  • 5.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    “You can't make this a science!”: Analyzing decision support systems in political contexts2012In: Government Information Quarterly, ISSN 0740-624X, E-ISSN 1872-9517, Vol. 29, no 4, p. 543-552Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports on problems and conflicts encountered when using decision support systems (DSS) in political contexts. Based on a literature study and two case studies we describe problems encountered in relation not only to the DSS itself, but also to the political decision process. The case studies have been carried out in two cities in Sweden that at different times but in similar situations have used DSS in order to reach a decision in complicated and contested matters. In both cases we have previously found that the method and IT tool used for decision analysis were appreciated by most participants, but the inherent rationality of the DSS was in conflict with how participants usually make decisions as well as with the political process. The assumption was that a strict and open method would make grounds for clear decisions, but the results of the decision process were none of the cases implemented. In one case the result of the decision analysis was that no clear decision was made. In the other case the lowest ranked alternative was implemented. Furthermore, in neither city the method was ever used again. We therefore ask: What are the challenges and limitations to using DSS in political contexts? Our study shows that challenges relate to selecting and using criteria; eliciting weights for criteria (high level of subjectivity); understanding all the amount of facts available in the system; time constraints; and lack of impact on the final decision. This study contributes to both research and practice by increasing the understanding of what challenges are experienced in DSS use, since the findings can be used as a framework of challenges that should be addressed, in design of systems as well as method for use. The study also contributes to understanding the role of politicians in decision-making and the consequences for the use of DSS. Further, the literature study showed that there are overall very few studies on the actual use of DSS in a political context, and we therefore conclude by encouraging more studies reporting actual use.

  • 6. Danielson, Mats
    et al.
    Ekenberg, Love
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Towards interactive public decisions: connecting participatory processes and institutional contexts2008In: Collaboration and the knowledge economy: issues, applications, case studies : volym 1 / [ed] Paul Cunningham, Miriam Cunningham, Amsterdam: IOS Press , 2008, p. 345-350Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Granberg, Mikael
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Civic participation and interactive decision-making: a case study2010In: New forms of citizen participation: Normative implications / [ed] Erik Amnå, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG , 2010, 1, p. 53-66Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Granberg, Mikael
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Deltagandets dilemman: erfarenheter från stadsomvandling Södra Älvstranden2007In: Kommunal ekonomi och politik, ISSN 1402-8700, Vol. 11, no 3, p. 25-46Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Granberg, Mikael
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Medborgarnas deltagande i stadsplaneringen och effekter av ny teknik2011In: Nordisk kommunforskning: en forskningsöversikt med 113 projekt / [ed] Andreas Ivarsson, Göteborg: Göteborgs universitet, Förvaltningshögskolan , 2011, p. 332-333Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 10.
    Granberg, Mikael
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Planners support of e-participation in the field of urban planning2010In: Handbook of research on e-planning: ICTs for urban development and monitoring / [ed] Carlos Nunes Silva, Hershey-New York: IGI Global , 2010, p. 237-251Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Grönlund, Åke
    et al.
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    DoIT right: measuring effectiveness of different eConsultation designs2009In: Electronic Participation / [ed] Ann Macintosh, Efthimios Tambouris, Berlin: Springer , 2009, p. 90-100Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    eConsultations have been used in many countries over many years, yet most research in the field is case descriptions and there is so far little systematic evidence as to the effectiveness of consultations as a tool for enhancing democracy. Using a case survey method we investigate what factors make a consultation succeed or fail based on data from 57 cases reported in the literature. Success is measured as high participation, deliberative mode of discussion, and impact on policy. We test three hypotheses from the literature claiming, respectively, that institutional design, democratic intent, and quality of research are the most important factors behind the reported success. We find support for all hypotheses. Using consultation at the analysis/decision making stage, mixing online and offline methods and active strategic recruiting are institutional factors positively contributing. Democratic intent and content analysis research both have positive influence.

  • 12.
    Hedfeldt, Mona
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Hedlund, Gun
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Får företagande kvinnor vara med i EU:s strukturfonder och regionala partnerskap?2008In: Sesam öppna dig!: Forskarperspektiv på kvinnors företagande / [ed] Pär Larsson, Ulla Göranson, Magnus Lagerholm, Stockholm: Vinnova , 2008, p. 153-161Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Partnerskap och nätverk ger nya perspektiv på statens och politikens roll i dagens samhälle. Partnerskap förekommer på både internationell och nationell nivå. Det regionala utvecklingsarbetet är exempel på ett nytt patnerskapstänkande. Finns det risk för att de nya formerna för beslutsfattande och styrning blir slutna, maskulint kodade elitprojekt? Eller kan nya allianser bidra till att företagande kvinnor inkluderas i olika nätverk?

  • 13.
    Ilshammar, Lars
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Humanities.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Humanities.
    Lokala ambitioner, centrala restriktioner: om IT-politikens handlingsutrymme och begränsningar2001In: Elektronisk förvaltning, elektronisk demokrati: visioner, verklighet, vidareutveckling / [ed] Åke Grönlund, Agneta Ranerup, Lund: Studentlitteratur , 2001, p. 89-122Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Ilshammar, Lars
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Humanities.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Över kablarna, under lagarna: den lokala IT-politikens handlingsutrymme2001In: Den motsägelsefulla staden: vardagsliv och urbana regimer / [ed] Ingemar Elander, Lund: Studentlitteratur , 2001, p. 232-254Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 15.
    Jonsson, Magnus E.
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    The Challenges for Online Deliberation Research: A Literature Review2014In: International Journal of E-Politics, ISSN 1947-9131, E-ISSN 1947-914X, Vol. 5, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    While pure deliberation has still not been found online, the field of online deliberation research is blossoming. Born out of the “frustrations and possibilities” of the 1990s, a current theme in the field is to re-link deliberative theory with empirical political science. The aim of this systematic literature review is to sort out and examine important features of this development; to identify and categorise important research themes and issues as well as to pinpoint some research gaps. Using citation analysis as a method for article selection, 788 abstracts were retrieved and out of these, 130 items were chosen for further analysis. First the review shows that researchers from several different disciplines are involved in the field and that these researchers are studying online deliberation in a variety of arenas aided by a wide range of methods. Second the review reveals that the field struggles with a highly diversified concept of deliberation; that newer theoretical developments are underutilised in the operationalisation of theoretical concepts for empirical analyses, and that it there is a rather low degree of cumulativity in the field. Finally, more attention is paid on deliberation per se, rather than the political and democratic consequences of deliberation.

  • 16.
    Karlsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business. CERIS, Department of Informatics.
    Karlsson, Martin
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Department of Political Science.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Department of Political Science.
    Measuring employees’ compliance: The importance of value pluralism2017In: Information and Computer Security, E-ISSN 2056-4961, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 279-299Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This paper aims to investigate two different types of compliance measures: the first measure is a value-monistic compliance measure, whereas the second is a value-pluralistic measure, which introduces the idea of competing organisational imperatives.

    Design/methodology/approach: A survey was developed using two sets of items to measure compliance. The survey was sent to 600 white-collar workers and analysed through ordinary least squares.

    Findings: The results suggest that when using the value-monistic measure, employees' compliance was a function of employees' intentions to comply, their self-efficacy and awareness of information security policies. In addition, compliance was not related to the occurrence of conflicts between information security and other organisational imperatives. However, when the dependent variable was changed to a value-pluralistic measure, the results suggest that employees' compliance was, to a great extent, a function of the occurrence of conflicts between information security and other organisational imperatives, indirect conflicts with other organisational values.

    Research limitations/implications: The results are based on small survey; yet, the findings are interesting and justify further investigation. The results suggest that relevant organisational imperatives and value systems, along with information security values, should be included in measures for employees' compliance with information security policies.

    Practical implications: Practitioners and researchers should be aware that there is a difference in measuring employees' compliance using value monistic and value pluralism measurements.

    Originality/value: Few studies exist that critically compare the two different compliance measures for the same population.

  • 17.
    Karlsson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Karlsson, Martin
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Information security culture: state-of-the-art review between 2000 and 20132015In: Information and Computer Security, ISSN 2056-4961, Vol. 23, no 3, p. 246-285Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The aim of this paper is to survey existing information security culture research to scrutinise the kind of knowledge that has been developed and the way in which this knowledge has been brought about.

    Design/methodology/approach – Results are based on a literature review of information security culture research published between 2000 and 2013 (December).

    Findings – This paper can conclude that existing research has focused on a broad set of research topics, but with limited depth. It is striking that the effects of different information security cultures have not been part of that focus. Moreover, existing research has used a small repertoire of research methods, a repertoire that is more limited than in information systems research in general. Furthermore, an extensive part of the research is descriptive, philosophical or theoretical – lacking a structured use of empirical data – which means that it is quite immature.

    Research limitations/implications – Findings call for future research that: addresses the effects of different information security cultures; addresses the identified research topics with greater depth; focuses more on generating theories or testing theories to increase the maturity of this subfield of information security research; and uses a broader set of research methods. It would be particularly interesting to see future studies that use intervening or ethnographic approaches because, to date, these have been completely lacking in existing research.

    Practical implications – Findings show that existing research is, to a large extent, descriptive, philosophical or theoretical. Hence, it is difficult for practitioners to adopt these research results, such as frameworks for cultivating or assessment tools, which have not been empirically validated.

    Originality/value – Few state-of-the-art reviews have sought to assess the maturity of existing research on information security culture. Findings on types of research methods used in information security culture research extend beyond the existing knowledge base, which allows for a critical discussion about existing research in this sub-discipline of information security.

  • 18.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Denk, Thomas
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Department of Political Science.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Perceptions of organizational culture and value conflicts in information security management2018In: Information and Computer Security, ISSN 2056-4961, Vol. 26, no 2, p. 213-229Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the occurrence of value conflicts between information security and other organizational values among white-collar workers. Further, analyzes are conducted of the relationship between white-collar workers' perceptions of the culture of their organizations and value conflicts involving information security.

    Design/methodology/approach: Descriptive analyses and regression analyses were conducted on survey data gathered among two samples of white-collar workers in Sweden.

    Findings: Value conflicts regarding information security occur regularly among white-collar workers in the private and public sectors and within different business sectors. Variations in their occurrence can be understood partly as a function of employees' work situations and the sensitivity of the information handled in the organization. Regarding how perceived organizational culture affects the occurrence of value conflicts, multivariate regression analysis reveals that employees who perceive their organizations as having externally oriented, flexible cultures experience value conflicts more often.

    Research limitations/implications: The relatively low share of explained variance in the explanatory models indicates the need to identify alternative explanations of the occurrence of value conflicts regarding information security.

    Practical implications: Information security managers need to recognize that value conflicts occur regularly among white-collar workers in different business sectors, more often among workers in organizations that handle sensitive information, and most often among white-collar workers who perceive the cultures of their organizations as being externally oriented and flexible.

    Originality/value: The study addresses a gap in the information security literature by contributing to the understanding of value conflicts between information security and other organizational values. This study has mapped the occurrence of value conflicts regarding information security among white-collar professionals and shows that the occurrence of value conflicts is associated with work situation, information sensitivity and perceived organizational culture.

  • 19.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Jonsson, Magnus
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Did the Estonian Citizens’ assembly help restore political legitimacy?: Analyzing changes in vertical and horizontal trust among participants2015In: ECPR General Conference Université de Montréal 2015, 2015Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Estonian Citizens’ Assembly Process (ECA) was initiated in 2013 as a direct consequence of a legitimacy crisis of Estonian political parties and representative institutions. The spark igniting this crisis was the unravelling of a scheme of illegal party financing. The response from the governmental institutions took the form of a democratic innovation drawing on public crowdsourcing and deliberative mini-publics. This study is conducted on the basis of a broad survey among the participants in the initial crowdsourcing for proposals of the ECA (n=847). The focus of this paper is on the relationship between citizen participation and political trust. Two main research questions guides this paper: (1) How has participants vertical and horizontal trust developed in relation to their participation in the ECA?, and (2) What factors explain variations of change in trust among participants? While existing research questions whether citizens engagement in political participation functions as a source of trust, participatory processes alike the ECA are continually being initiated with the explicit aim of impeding developments of growing public distrust and fostering a greater trust in governmental institutions.

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  • 20.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Karlsson, Fredrik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Organisationskulturens påverkan på informations­säkerhetsarbetet2017In: Informationssäkerhet och organisationskultur / [ed] Jonas Hallberg, Peter Johansson, Fredrik Karlsson, Frida Lundberg, Björn Lundgren och Marianne Törner, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2017, 1, p. 25-40Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Organisationskulturen sägs ofta vara en central del i att styra en modern organisation. I detta kapitel resonerar vi kring sambandet mellan den kultur som enligt svenska tjänstemän finns i deras organisationer och informationssäkerheten i dessa organisationer. Denna kunskap är viktig dels för att kunna använda förändring av organisationskulturen som ett sätt att åstadkomma ökad informationssäkerhet, dels för att kunna förutse konsekvenserna av att allt fler organisationer idag förändras i riktning mot vad som enligt vår studie skapar sämre förutsättningar för informationssäkerhet. 

  • 21.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Department of Political Science.
    Karlsson, Fredrik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Denk, Thomas
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    The effect of perceived organizational culture on employees’ information security compliance2022In: Information and Computer Security, E-ISSN 2056-4961, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 382-401Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the connection between different perceived organizational cultures and information security policy compliance among white-collar workers.

    Design/methodology/approach: The survey using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument was sent to white-collar workers in Sweden (n = 674), asking about compliance with information security policies. The survey instrument is an operationalization of the Competing Values Framework that distinguishes between four different types of organizational culture: clan, adhocracy,market and bureaucracy.

    Findings: The results indicate that organizational cultures with an internal focus are positively related to employees’ information security policy compliance. Differences in organizational culture with regards to control and flexibility seem to have less effect. The analysis shows that a bureaucratic form of organizational culture is most fruitful for fostering employees’ information security policy compliance.

    Research limitations/implications: The results suggest that differences in organizational culture are important for employees’ information security policy compliance. This justifies further investigating the mechanisms linking organizational culture to information security compliance.

    Practical implications: Practitioners should be aware that the different organizational cultures do matter for employees’ information security compliance. In businesses and the public sector, the authors see a development toward customer orientation and marketization, i.e. the opposite an internal focus, that may have negative ramifications for the information security of organizations.

    Originality/value: Few information security policy compliance studies exist on the consequences of different organizational/information cultures.

  • 22.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Kan e-petitioner utveckla den representativa demokratin?2015In: Låt fler forma framtiden!: Forskarantologi från 2014-års Demokratiutredning, Stockholm: Wolters Kluwer , 2015, p. 559-605Chapter in book (Other academic)
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  • 23.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Social media and political communication: Innovation and normalisation in parallel2018In: Journal of Language and Politics, ISSN 1569-2159, E-ISSN 1569-9862, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 305-323Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As the Internet has come to play a greater role in politics, there has been a growing scholarly interest in how digital and social media are changing politics. The competition between the innovation and normalization hypotheses has been at the center of the debate. This article sets out to identify evidence of innovation and normalization in terms of how politicians communicate in- and the level of influence they are attaining within the political blogosphere. The analyses conducted show paradoxical results as we find that those groups of politicians who are utilizing political communication in the blogosphere in more innovative and progressive ways – mirroring the hopes and expectations about how social media might influence politicians and political communication – have weaker positions within the blog network compared to other politicians. 

  • 24.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Social Media and Political Representation: (How) Are They Related?2013In: 71st Annual Conference of the Midwestern Political Science Association, 2013Conference paper (Other academic)
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  • 25.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    The political blog space: A new arena for political representation?2016In: New Media and Society, ISSN 1461-4448, E-ISSN 1461-7315, Vol. 18, no 3, p. 465-483Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    While the academic interest in the political blogosphere has grown exponentially in recent years, existing research is predominantly dedicated to political campaigning. In view of the “diminishing prestige of the electoral process” and the “rise of new forms of legitimacy” a broader political analysis of blogs is called for. This article investigates whether the political blogosphere is an arena for political representation by asking (1) how representatives communicate with citizens through blogging in order to aid central functions of political representation, such as accountability, connectivity, and inquiry, and (2) what strategic, technological, and normative factors explain differences in representatives’ communication with citizens. The empirical analysis, based on a survey questionnaire targeting all Swedish blogging representatives, illuminates four different approaches to blogging, with different drivers and implications for the representative democracy.

  • 26.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Adenskog, Magnus
    School of Social Work, Lund University, Helsingborg, Sweden.
    Democratic Innovation in Times of Crisis: Exploring Changes in Social and Political Trust2021In: Policy & Internet, E-ISSN 1944-2866, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 113-133Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Estonian Citizens’ Assembly (ECA) was initiated in late 2012 as a direct consequence of a legitimacy crisis of Estonian political parties and representative institutions. The spark igniting this crisis was the unravelling of a scheme of illegal party financing. The response from the governmental institutions took the form of a democratic innovation involving public crowd-sourcing and deliberative mini-publics. This study reports on a survey among the participants in the online crowd-sourcing process of the ECA (n=847). The study examines how this democratic innovation influenced participants’ social and political trust as well as the impact of participants predispositions and level of satisfaction with the ECA on changes in trust. We find that participants that had positive predispositions and who were satisfied with the ECA were more likely to gain trust. Further, we also find that the participants in general became more distrustful of political institutions, while their participation fostered increased social trust. This outcome departs from the intentions of the Estonian institutions which organized the ECA, and sheds new light on the role of democratic innovations in the context of legitimacy crises. This is an important step forward in the scholarly understanding of the relationship between democratic innovation and trust.

  • 27.
    Karlsson, Martin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Jonsson, Magnus
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Did the Estonian Citizens’ assembly help restore political legitimacy?: Analyzing changes in vertical and horizontal trust among participants2014Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Estonian Citizens’ Assembly (ECA) was initiated in late 2013 as a direct consequence ofa legitimacy crisis of Estonian political parties and representative institutions. The spark igniting this crisis was the unravelling of a scheme of illegal party financing. The response from the governmental institutions took the form of a democratic innovation drawing on public crowd sourcing and deliberative mini-publics. This study is conducted on the basis of a broad survey among the participants in the culminating deliberative process of the ECA (n=847). The focus of this paper is on the relationship between citizen participation and political trust. Two main research questions guides this paper: (1) How has participants vertical and horizontal trust developed in relation to their participation in the ECA?, and (2) What factors explain variations of change in trust among participants? While existing research questions whether citizens engagement in political participation functions as a source of trust, participatory processes alike the ECA are continually being initiated with the explicit aim of impeding  developments  of  growing  public  distrust  and  fostering  a  greater  trust  ingovernmental institutions.

  • 28.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Åström, JoachimÖrebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Democratic eGovernance: approaches and research directions2006Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Electronic voting in Sweden: hare or tortoise?2004In: Electronic voting and democracy: a comparative analysis / [ed] Norbert Kersting, Harald Baldersheim, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, p. 149-171Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Régionalisation et régionalisme en Suède2004In: Annuaire des collectivites locales, Vol. 24, no 1, p. 335--352Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 31.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Sweden2004In: The Nordic regions and the European Union / [ed] Søren Dosenrode, Henrik Halkier, Aldershot: Ashgate , 2004, p. 77-92Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Sweden2004In: The Nordic Regions and the European Union / [ed] Dosenrode, S. & Halkier, H., London: Ashgate, 2004, 1, p. 77-91Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Why regionalism in Sweden?2003In: Regional & Federal Studies, ISSN 1359-7566, E-ISSN 1743-9434, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 66-89Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Why has the regional issue become important in Sweden, a unitary state with strong central and local levels? This question is analysed with help of three explanatory theses: Europeanization, intra-national driving forces and regional mobilization from below. The argument is that underlying intranational forces of decentralization and regional complexity motivates a stronger regional level, but that Europeanization often triggers off processes— of regionalization. The regional mobilization from below stems from urban economic modernization: Relatively economically independent regions close to the central Europe and with a relatively Europeanized mentality regionalize to a larger extent (Skåne and West Götaland) than regions neither relatively economically independent nor having a Europeanized mentality.

  • 34.
    Olsson, Jan
    et al.
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Ilshammar, Lars
    Örebro University, Department of Humanities.
    From government to e-Governance2006In: Democratic eGovernance: approaches and research directions / [ed] Jan Olsson, Joachim Åström, Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell international , 2006, p. 9-26Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Riabacke, Mona
    et al.
    Dept. of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro University, Swedish Business School at Örebro University.
    eParticipation galore?: Extending multi-criteria decision analysis to the public2011In: International Journal of Public Information Systems, ISSN 1653-4360, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 79-99Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    New approaches and tools are required because of the increasing request for public participation and democratic decision making. There are two particular major challenges associated with this namely, applications allowing for large numbers of users and the balancing of participation and expertise. This article tests a method attempting to achieve this by combining a multi-criteria decision approach with different forms of discussion and deliberation. The method involves relaxed requirements for user exactness in statements of opinion and was tested on 90 students aged 17-19. Is it possible to extend multi-criteria decision analysis to the public? In order to answer this question, our research focuses on (1) scalability, or the potential for increased participation, as well as (2) decision quality, i.e. whether the alternatives are reflected upon and if there have been reasoned judgments. The test and survey found both these criteria met. The findings suggest that the method can be used for large scale participation during a decision making process, but also that a participatory process is improved by lengthier deliberation and more than one point of measurement so that opinions can stabilize.

  • 36. Sedelius, Thomas
    et al.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    E-deltagande som medborgerligt och politiskt projekt2011In: Perspektiv på offentlig verksamhet i utveckling: tolv kapitel om demokrati, styrning och effektivitet / [ed] Ann-Sofie Hellberg, Martin Karlsson, Hannu Larsson, Erik Lundberg, Monika Persson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2011, p. 127-135Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Thiel, Sarah-Kristin
    et al.
    AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
    Fröhlich, Peter
    AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
    Ruoppila, Sampo
    University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Baldauf, Matthias
    Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
    Tscheligi, Manfred
    University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
    3rd International Workshop on Pervasive Participation2016In: Proceedings of the NordiCHI '16: The 9th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction - game changing design, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The proposed workshop aims to develop the concept of Pervasive Participation further by reviewing current forms of advanced e-participation that utilize latest pervasive technologies such as feature-rich smartphones and technically enriched appliances embedded in urban environments and brainstorming ideas for effectively leveraging of in-situ participation as well as the combination of mobile and stationary forms of participation. Drawing on the expertise of an interdisciplinary group of participants, the objective of the workshop is to both raise awareness for the increasingly relevant topic of technology-enabled forms of public participation as well as jointly develop requirements and prototype concepts for innovative strategies that engage a broader range of citizens, thus also encouraging less motivated people. The outcome is envisioned as a list of requirements for Pervasive Participation that combine mobile and stationary engagement methods in an engaging way.

  • 38.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Book Review: Digital Citizenship in Datafied society2019In: Information Polity, ISSN 1570-1255, E-ISSN 1875-8754, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 223-225Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 39.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Citizen Participation2017In: The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Studies / [ed] Orum, Anthony, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2017Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 40.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Den digitala kommunen: utvecklingsdrag och förändringsimpulser2002Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Digital democracy: ideas, intentions and initiatives in Swedish local governments2004In: Electronic democracy: mobilisation, organisation, and participation via new ICTs / [ed] Rachel Gibson, Andrea Römmele, Stephen Ward, London: Routledge , 2004, p. 96-115Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 42.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Digital demokrati?: Idéer och strategier i lokal IT-politik1999In: IT i demokratins tjänst / [ed] Erik Amnå, Stockholm: Fakta info direkt , 1999, p. 317-348Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 43.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    E-demokrati från insidan: förtroendevaldas användning och värdering av IT2005In: Användning av informationsteknik i demokratiska beslutsprocesser / [ed] Anna Bjurström, Lars Ilshammar, Joachim Åström, Stockholm: Justitiedepartementet , 2005Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 44.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    IT och demokratiutveckling i svenska kommuner2005In: Staden som livsmiljö: vision och verklighet : slutrapport från ett forskningsprogram / [ed] Ann-Catrin Andersson, Ingemar Elander, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2005, p. 59-63Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Lokal digital demokrati1998In: IT och kommunerna: en översikt, Stockholm: Kommentus förlag , 1998, , p. 112p. 9-61Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 46.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Mot en digital demokrati?: Teknik, politik och institutionell förändring2004Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    New information and communication technologies are today put forward as one possible solution to the perceived problems of democracy. Seeing that the Internet enables new forms of communication and eases information gathering, one view says that the Internet will open up new participatory avenues and radically transform patterns of political participation. Another view says that nothing will change because the new technology will be embedded within power structures that are not likely to change. The aim of this thesis is to discern the causes and consequences of the Swedish local governments´ use of the Internet in the democratic process, and also to use variation and similarities in the response to new technology to illuminate answers to fundamental questions about politics and institutional change. On the one hand, the analysis reveals that the Internet has raised high expectations of vitalisation and change of political democracy. The major documents stating the central government´s current intentions with regard to developing are all in favour of placing the new technology in the service of democracy, and in the municipalities a majority of the most important political decision-makers - the chairs of the municipal executive boards - are in favour of many of the proposals put forward in the debate. Political action, on the other hand, often speaks a different language. To a great extent, the step from intentions to actual initiatives may be described as a development from two-way communication to one-way information; from early information to late information; from active end users to passive end users; and from ideological arguments of an interactive or direct democracy to a limited modernisation of indirect democracy. The study recognizes several constraints that institutions impose on action. Local governments trying to make full use of their new digital opportunities are faced with a series of strategic dilemmas or tensions: between different democratic ideals as well as local government ideologies. The way in which local governments seek to balance these compteting pressures or resolve dilemmas is, however, often characterized by limited comparison and ad-hoc processess, without arousing any particular attention at the higher reaches. Without political involvement and strategic decision-making, developments towards digital democracy becomes less a matter of big changes stemming from explicit choices and reforms, and more one of gradual evolution restricted by previous decisions and institutions. Despite many grounds for caution, this study gives some evidence suggesting that "politics as usual" may be altered in a longer time perspective. Reciprocal effects between technology and institutions are not sequential and direct but complex and highly interdependent, forming a new kind of dynamics. Digital technologies are creating new opportunities, pressures and incitaments; influencing attitudes and preferences; and they alter the balance of resources and power among individuals within local governments. This indicates that new technologies may reshape the goals that animate political action, weaken the constraints that institutions impose on action, and thus become a contributory cause for institutional change.

  • 47.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Participatory Urban Planning: What Would Make Planners Trust the Citizens?2020In: Urban Planning, E-ISSN 2183-7635, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 84-93Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Based on the critical stance of citizens towards urban planning, growing attention has been directed towards new forms of citizen participation. A key expectation is that advanced digital technologies will reconnect citizens and decision makers and enhance trust in planning. However, empirical evidence suggests participation by itself does not foster trust, and many scholars refer to a general weakness of these initiatives to deliver the expected outcomes. Considering that trust is reciprocal, this article will switch focus and concentrate on planners' attitudes towards citizens. Do urban planners generally think that citizens are trustworthy? Even though studies show that public officials are more trusting than people in general, it is possible that they do not trust citizens when interacting with government. However, empirical evidence is scarce. While there is plenty of research on citizens' trust in government, public officials trust in citizens has received little scholarly attention. To address this gap, we will draw on a survey targeted to a representative sample of public managers in Swedish local government (N = 1430). First, urban planners will be compared with other public officials when it comes to their level of trust toward citizens' ability, integrity and benevolence. In order to understand variations in trust, a set of institutional factors will thereafter be tested, along with more commonly used individual factors. In light of the empirical findings, the final section of the article returns to the idea of e-participation as a trust-building strategy. What would make planners trust the citizens in participatory urban planning?

  • 48.
    Åström, Joachim
    Örebro University, Department of Social and Political Sciences.
    Should democracy online be quick, strong, or thin?2001In: Communications of the ACM, ISSN 0001-0782, E-ISSN 1557-7317, Vol. 44, no 1, p. 49-51Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 49.
    Åström, Joachim
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Brodin, Per
    De förtroendevalda och informationstekniken: tecken på förnyelse eller "politics as usual"?2001In: Att vara med på riktigt: demokratiutveckling i kommuner och landsting : betänkande, Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer , 2001, p. 257-289Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 50.
    Åström, Joachim
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Brorström, Sara
    Medborgardialog Centrala Älvstaden2012Report (Other academic)
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