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  • 1.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Informatics Department.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Informatics Department.
    ICT4D and the Sustainable Development Goals: a road well-traveled2023Inngår i: Information Technology for Development, ISSN 0268-1102, E-ISSN 1554-0170, Vol. 29, nr 1, s. 1-8Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Some 35 years after the United Nations published its Brundtland report [Brundtland Commission. (1987). Our common future: Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, Geneva, UN-Dokument A/42/427. Retrieved December 24, 2022, from  https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf] on the many threats our planet is under due to over- and underdevelopment, we are still struggling with how to make our world sustainable. Today we have the Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) to guide us, but they have been largely criticized just like their predecessors.  The  debate  in  Information  and  Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) mainly concerns to which extent Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) may contribute to the SDGs. This editorial offers a historic overview of the different development goals that the UN has offered and eight papers that offer a view into the discussion of the challenges facing the SDGs, but also examples of experimental strategies on how ICTs can be used in realizing, or undermining, these goals.

  • 2.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Increasing interactivity in distance educations: Case studies Bangladesh and Sri Lanka2010Inngår i: Information Technology for Development, ISSN 0268-1102, E-ISSN 1554-0170, Vol. 16, nr 1, s. 16-33Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes how distance educations in developing countries can enhance interactivityby means of information and communication technologies. It is argued that e-learning involvesa shift in the educational structure from traditional transmission of knowledge to interactivecreation of knowledge. Our case studies are two distance educations in Bangladesh and SriLanka that use different technologies for implementing interactivity; Internet and computersin one case and video and mobile phones in the other. The findings are analyzed based onStructuration Theory and we compare the two approaches based on emerging norms andbeliefs. Findings from both cases show the concurrent enactment of both the transmissionand the interactive structure. Whereas peer collaboration and the use of self-assessment toolsmake students take more ownership of their learning, we also found the idea of a classroomwith an instructive teacher to be deeply rooted in the students’ minds.

  • 3.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Dalarna University, Borlänge, Sweden.
    Victim, mother, or untapped resource? Discourse analysis of the construction of women in ICT policies2017Inngår i: Information Technologies and International Development, ISSN 1544-7529, E-ISSN 1544-7537, Vol. 13, s. 72-86Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article analyzes the construction of women in national ICT policies in South and Southeast Asia. The aim is to unravel the role ascribed to women in these policies and how this affects suggested measures. The research is based on critical discourse analysis and shows that women are mainly constructed as victims, mothers, or an untapped resource. We argue that if women are specifically targeted in policies, careful attention should be given to how they are portrayed. Our analysis also shows that in most cases the suggested solutions on how to include women in the ICT society only deal with the symptoms of gender inequality rather than the structures that prevent equal opportunities. We conclude by discussing implications for research and practice.

  • 4.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    What are we doing? Theories used in ICT4D research2013Inngår i: 12th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries / [ed] Niall Hayes; Renata Lèbre La Rovere, 2013, s. 282-300Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 5.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Wiklund, Matilda
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Reclaiming the students: coping with social media in 1:1 schools2014Inngår i: Learning, Media & Technology, ISSN 1743-9884, E-ISSN 1743-9892, Vol. 39, s. 37-52Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a debate about the advantages and disadvantages of using social media in education. Drawing on interviews and surveys with students and teachers in three Swedish schools, this study finds that studentsas well as teachers find much of the students' social media use distractive to learning. We investigate this by means of an interpretative study of students' and teachers' experiences. We find that concerns relate to how social media use makes students less social, how weaker students are more likely to get distracted, how teachers lack strategies for tackling the problem and how the responsibility of the use is delegated to the students. We discuss how the distractive use of social media is made possible as a result of education policies requiring a higher degree of individual work, individual responsibility, and educational choices forstudents. Teachers and school leaders need to jointly reclaim the students and coping strategies for the distractive use are urgently needed.

  • 6.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Larsson, Hannu
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hedström, Karin
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Citizen Diversity in e-Government Research: Moving the Field Forward2021Inngår i: Proceedings of the 54th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences / [ed] Tung X. Bui, University of Hawai'i at Manoa , 2021, s. 4828-4837Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Whereas broad launch of public e-services ensures equal and homogenous treatment of citizens, citizen diversity is often set aside. By means of a literature study we describe how research has addressed diversity in the field of eGovernment. we analyzed the papers according to the following codes: group; application domain; unit of analysis; and technology in use or design. Results showed that the most common application domain was e-services with access and use as the most common units of analysis. The most frequently researched groups are based on classical socio-demographic variables such as economy, education and age. Also, the majority of papers discussed services in use. We conclude by suggesting that future research focuses underrepresented user groups; adds further granularity to the classical sociodemographic variables; identifies groups within groups; targets policies and policy implementation; and changes focus from use to development. We also call for conceptual clarity of the concept ‘diversity’. 

  • 7.
    Andersson, Annika
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Wiklund, Matilda
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Emerging Collaborative and Cooperative Practices in 1:1 Schools2016Inngår i: Technology, Pedagogy and Education, ISSN 1475-939X, E-ISSN 1747-5139, Vol. 25, nr 4, s. 413-430Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, the authors explored how laptops used in 1:1 classrooms affect cooperation and collaboration practices. Based on an observational time study, the authors found that the most common activity in 1:1 classrooms is group work using the computer. They also found that, despite what the concept 1:1 alludes to about one student working with one computer, most laptop use takes on other forms such as two students working with one computer (1:2) or two students working together using two laptops (2:2). The findings reported in this article about the various different collaboration arrangements have implications for both research and practice. For practice, because teachers can arrange activities based on an awareness of the different student–laptop constellations that emerge when students are given a laptop. Research is likewise informed about the various group work constellations and can build on this knowledge for further analysis of the pros and cons with the different collaborative forms.

  • 8.
    Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Dalarna University, Borlänge, Sweden.
    Practices and challenges in an emerging m-learning environmentManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 9.
    Asiimwe, Edgar Napoleon
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Practices and challenges in an emerging m-learning environment2017Inngår i: ijEDict - International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, E-ISSN 1814-0556, Vol. 13, nr 1, s. 103-122Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This study reports an interpretative case study investigating practices and challenges in an emerging m-learning environment at Makerere University in Uganda. The research was part of the MobiClass pilot project. Data was collected by means of observations and interviews with teachers and various m-learning support staff, including teacher trainers, systems administrators and a software developer. The Framework for Rational Analysis of Mobile Education (FRAME) is used as an analytic framework. The research focuses on how learning content management systems (LCMS) are implemented and used for m-learning purposes. We observed teacher training and m-learning content development practices and found that teacher skills for developing educational content, institutional m-learning policies and training programs are crucial success factors. The main finding is the importance of the support staff; it takes a long time to implement new technology and change teaching practices, support staff is needed to manage, inspire and support student and teachers.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Practices and challenges in an emerging m-learning environment
  • 10.
    Ask, Andreas
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    The Örebro city citizen-oriented e-Government strategy2009Inngår i: Social and organizational developments through emerging e-Government applications: new principles and concepts / [ed] Vishanth Weerakkody, Hershey, PA: IGI Global , 2009, s. 233-253Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 11.
    Ask, Andreas
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    The Örebro city citizen-oriented e-Government strategy2009Inngår i: Handbook of research on strategies for local e-government adoption and implementation: comparative studies / [ed] Christopher G. Reddick, Hershey, PA: IGI Global , 2009, s. 752-772Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 12.
    Ask, Andreas
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    The Örebro City Citizen-Oriented E-Government Strategy2008Inngår i: International Journal of Electronic Government Research, ISSN 1548-3886, Vol. 4, nr 4, s. 69-88Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This article discusses practices, opportunities, and challenges in local e-government project management by means of a case study involving interviews, document studies, and an element of action research, over eight months. The analysis against e-government success factors finds seven "critical issues"; political timing, resource allocation, political mandate, distinction between administrative and political responsibilities, coordination of departments, dependence on providers, and use of standards. We found these issues open for local choice, influences of strong individuals and groups, and chance. This is a consequence of the prevailing strategic model for the public sector, New Public Management, which leaves these issues to be filled by negotiations among many actors with different roles, goals, and action space. The general lesson is that there is a need for practical ways of acting strategically to reduce the risk level and increase the ability to implement policy. 

  • 13.
    Avdic, Anders
    et al.
    Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Wissa, Ulrika Artursson
    Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Socratic Flipped Classroom: What Types of Questions and Tasks Promote Learning?2016Inngår i: Proceedings of the 15th European Conference of e-Learning (ECEL 2016) / [ed] Novotna, J.; Jancarik, A., Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited, 2016, s. 41-48Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Socratic questioning stresses the importance of questioning for learning. Flipped Classroom pedagogy generates a need for effective questions and tasks in order to promote active learning. This paper describes a project aimed at finding out how different kinds of questions and tasks support students' learning in a flipped classroom context. In this study, during the flipped courses, both the questions and tasks were distributed together with video recordings. Answers and solutions were presented and discussed in seminars, with approximately 10 participating students in each seminar. Information Systems students from three flipped classroom courses at three different levels were interviewed in focus groups about their perceptions of how different kinds of questions and tasks supported their learning process. The selected courses were organized differently, with various kinds of questions and tasks. Course one included open questions that were answered and presented at the seminar. Students also solved a task and presented the solution to the group. Course two included open questions and a task. Answers and solutions were discussed at the seminars where students also reviewed each other's answers and solutions. Course three included online single-and multiple choice questions with real-time feedback. Answers were discussed at the seminar, with the focus on any misconceptions. In this paper we categorized the questions in accordance with Wilson (2016) as factual, convergent, divergent, evaluative, or a combination of these. In all, we found that any comprehensible question that initiates a dialogue, preferably with a set of Socratic questions, is perceived as promoting learning. This is why seminars that allow such questions and discussion are effective. We found no differences between the different kinds of Socratic questions. They were seen to promote learning so long as they made students reflect and problematize the questions. To conclude, we found that questions and tasks promote learning when they are answered and solved in a process that is characterized by comprehensibility, variation, repetition and activity.

  • 14.
    Dini, Alfatika Aunuriella
    et al.
    Department of Civil Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Department of Information Systems.
    Sæbø, Øystein
    Department of Information Systems,University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Thapa, Devinder
    Department of Information Systems,University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    A framework to understand the role of IS artifact in ICT4D2023Inngår i: The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, E-ISSN 1681-4835, Vol. 89, nr 3, artikkel-id e12246Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we propose a framework to explain the possibilities of ICT in ICT4D. The PAR (Possibility, Action, Result) framework is based on the theoretical concepts of IS artifacts, affordances, and the capability approach, and is further refined by findings from an eGovernment project in Indonesia aiming to develop a digital platform to facilitate inclusive public debate for the citizens. The framework describes the process by which IS artifacts enable various action possibilities and choices. Furthermore, the framework shows how actors may realize their possibilities and choices, which in turn enhances their functioning. Our analysis also revealed the role of conversion factors, such as personal commitment and digital literacy, that hindered the actors' ability to actualize the possibilities of ICT. We make three main contributions. First, the PAR framework explains the process by which ICT can enhance individual and collective capabilities. Second, the concept of IS artifacts describes the perception of ICT possibilities and choices in the ICT4D context. Third, the process of feedback explains how an outcome of an action can lead to perception of new affordances.

  • 15.
    Erlandsson, Kerstin
    et al.
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Byrskog, Ulrika
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Osman, Fatumo
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Pedersen, Christina
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Klingberg-Allvin, Marie
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Evaluating a model for the capacity building of midwifery educators in Bangladesh through a blended, web-based master’s programme2019Inngår i: Global Health Action, ISSN 1654-9716, E-ISSN 1654-9880, Vol. 12, nr 1, artikkel-id 1652022Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: While setting international standards for midwifery education has attracted considerable global attention, the education and training of midwifery educators has been relatively neglected, particularly in low-resource settings where capacity building is crucial. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the expectations of midwifery educators in Bangladesh who took part in a blended web-based master’s programme in SRHR and the extent to which these were realized after 12 months of part-time study.

    Methods: Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used to collect data. A structured baseline questionnaire was distributed to all participants at the start of the first course (n = 30) and a second endpoint questionnaire was distributed after they (n = 29) had completed the core courses one year later. At the start of the first course, five focus group discussions (FGD) were held with the midwifery educators. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used for the analyses.

    Results: Midwifery educators who took part in the study identified expectations that can be grouped into three distinct areas. They hoped to become more familiar with technology, anticipated they would learn pedagogical and other skills that would enable them to better support their students’ learning and thought they might acquire skills to empower their students as human beings. Participants reported they realized these ambitions, attributing the master’s programme with helping them take responsibility for their own teaching and learning, showing them how to enhance their students’ learning and how to foster reflective and critical thinking among them.

    Conclusions: Midwifery educators have taken part in a creative learning environment which has developed their engagement in teaching and learning. They have done this using a blended learning model which combines online learning with face-to-face contact. This model can be scaled up in low resource and remote settings.

  • 16.
    Erlandsson, Kerstin
    et al.
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Osman, Fatumo
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Informatics, Dalarna University, Borlänge, Sweden.
    Egal, Jama Ali
    Department of Nursing, Hargeisa University, Hargeisa, Somalia; Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Byrskog, Ulrika
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Pedersen, Christina
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Klingberg-Allvin, Marie
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Evaluation of an online master’s programme in Somaliland: A phenomenographic study on the experience of professional and personal development among midwifery faculty2017Inngår i: Nurse Education in Practice, ISSN 1471-5953, E-ISSN 1873-5223, Vol. 25, s. 96-103Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    To record the variation of perceptions of midwifery faculty in terms of the possibilities and challenges related to the completion of their first online master's level programme in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Somaliland. The informants included in this phenomenongraphical focus group study were those well-educated professional women and men who completed the master's program. The informant perceived that this first online master's level programme provided tools for independent use of the Internet and independent searching for evidence-based information, enhanced professional development, was challenge-driven and evoked curiosity, challenged professional development, enhanced personal development and challenged context-bound career paths. Online education makes it possible for well-educated professional women to continue higher education. It furthermore increased the informants' confidence in their use of Internet, software and databases and in the use of evidence in both their teaching and their clinical practice. Programmes such as the one described in this paper could counter the difficulties ensuring best practice by having a critical mass of midwives who will be able to continually gather contemporary midwifery evidence and use it to ensure best practice. An increase of online education is suggested in South-central Somalia and in similar settings globally.

  • 17.
    Grönlund, Åke
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Andersson, Annika
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Mobile technologies for development: a comparative study on challenges2008Inngår i: Proceedings of Sig GlobDev Workshop Paris 2008, Paris: AIS SIG GLobal Development , 2008Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper compares and analyzes three cases where mobile technology is developed and used for everyday learning in developing countries. Preliminary results from field studies and tests are presented and analyzed in terms of the technical, professional, social, cultural and organizational challenges involved in development. In Bangladesh Virtual Classroom SMS is used together with TV to make education interactive. The eduPhone project develops a system and a method for delivering everyday “situated education”, such as emergency medical advice, to people lacking access to such services. The Agricultural Market Information System project disseminates information to improve local agricultural markets and, in particular, supporting small farmers, by mobile phones. The paper reports the cases and findings from investigations and tests, including field studies, laboratory and field tests, and experiences from implementation. We find that technical challenges are not great and in most cases concern innovativeness of application rather than access, use and usability; e-readiness among people is higher than often reported. The main problems lie in organizational challenges – developing a sustainable business model and reorganizing processes consequently – and social and cultural challenges such as local power structures and professional traditions.

  • 18.
    Grönlund, Åke
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Ask, Andreas
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Inclusion in the e-service society: investigating administrative literacy requirements for using e-services2007Inngår i: Electronic government / [ed] Maria A.Wimmer, Jochen Scholl, Åke Grönlund, Berlin: Springer , 2007, s. 216-227Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates potential changes in requirements for "administrative literacy" - knowledge and skills required from citizens - when manual services are replaced by electronic ones. Do requirements increase, decrease or change qualitatively? We compare manual and electronic versions of ten commonly used services. The needs for knowledge and skills, content and procedures were considerably less for the e-services in eight out of ten cases; however, in complicated services there may rather be a change of skills, e.g. replacing verbal skills with skill in searching for information online. E-services relieve the user of some requirements; hence one obstacle for inclusion is reduced. However, we also found problems with the e-services implying that design of e-services should be informed by the kind of measure we have used as it is of great importance for inclusion in the e-society. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

  • 19.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Build it and they will come?: Inhibiting factors for reuse of open content in developing countries2009Inngår i: The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, E-ISSN 1681-4835, Vol. 37, nr 1, s. 1-16Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Open content has the potential to change the playing field when it comes to every individual’s right to education. Development of new course content is both expensive and time consuming and open content can help educational organizations to deal with these problems by offering free-to-use educational resources. Despite the benefits of open content the usage is very low in developing countries and understanding why content developers choose not to use open content is the first step towards finding a solution to the problem. Which inhibiting factors for reuse do content developers in developing countries experience with open content? To answer the question interviews, questionnaires and observations have been made with content developers from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and from UNESCO Open Training Platform. Findings show that many of the inhibiting factors with reuse of open content do not necessarily relate to the actual content. Educational rules and regulations, lack of infrastructure, teaching practices and traditions etc. are major obstacles that need to be overcome if the usage of open content should increase.

  • 20.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Education for development: realizing the millennium development goals2009Inngår i: Defining the "D" in ICT4D: graduate papers on development, globalisation, and ICT / [ed] John Sören Pettersson, Karlstad: Karlstads universitet , 2009, s. 57-66Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 21.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    The capability approach in ict4d research2013Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Delarbeid
    1. Build it and they will come?: Inhibiting factors for reuse of open content in developing countries
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Build it and they will come?: Inhibiting factors for reuse of open content in developing countries
    2009 (engelsk)Inngår i: The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, E-ISSN 1681-4835, Vol. 37, nr 1, s. 1-16Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Open content has the potential to change the playing field when it comes to every individual’s right to education. Development of new course content is both expensive and time consuming and open content can help educational organizations to deal with these problems by offering free-to-use educational resources. Despite the benefits of open content the usage is very low in developing countries and understanding why content developers choose not to use open content is the first step towards finding a solution to the problem. Which inhibiting factors for reuse do content developers in developing countries experience with open content? To answer the question interviews, questionnaires and observations have been made with content developers from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and from UNESCO Open Training Platform. Findings show that many of the inhibiting factors with reuse of open content do not necessarily relate to the actual content. Educational rules and regulations, lack of infrastructure, teaching practices and traditions etc. are major obstacles that need to be overcome if the usage of open content should increase.

    sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
    John Wiley & Sons, 2009
    Emneord
    Open Content, Open Educational Resources, eLearning, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Open Training Platform
    HSV kategori
    Forskningsprogram
    Informatik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-6299 (URN)10.1002/j.1681-4835.2009.tb00260.x (DOI)2-s2.0-85164780679 (Scopus ID)
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2009-04-20 Laget: 2009-04-20 Sist oppdatert: 2024-01-17bibliografisk kontrollert
    2. Development, capabilities and technology: an evaluative framework
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Development, capabilities and technology: an evaluative framework
    2011 (engelsk)Inngår i: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries: Partners  for  Development  -­  ICT  Actors  and  Actions, 2011Konferansepaper, Publicerat paper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present a framework to be used for evaluation of Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) projects. The framework is based on Sen´s notion of development as freedom where human capabilities and functionings are seen as key aspects to development. Sen´s capability approach presents an alternative way of seeing and evaluating development (alternative to more traditional ways of measuring development). The approach is based on expanding freedoms, or eliminating unfreedoms, for people so that they can live a life that they have reason to value. Even though Sen is referenced a lot in ICT4D literature the analysis rarely goes further then stating that Sen presents an alternative to traditional ways of development. Reasons can be that the capability approach does not specifically mention technology, in addition to the lack of guidelines presented by Sen on how to use the framework. The aim of this paper is to operationalize the evaluation process and to include a clear role for technology in Sen´s capability framework. The framework is validated with a case on distance education from Bangladesh. 

    Emneord
    ICT4D, capability approach, evaluation, framework, education
    HSV kategori
    Forskningsprogram
    Informatik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-21419 (URN)
    Konferanse
    IFIP WG9.4: 11th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2012-02-16 Laget: 2012-01-30 Sist oppdatert: 2020-01-30bibliografisk kontrollert
    3. The capability approach as a tool for development evaluation: analyzing students' use of internet resources
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>The capability approach as a tool for development evaluation: analyzing students' use of internet resources
    2012 (engelsk)Inngår i: Information Technology for Development, ISSN 0268-1102, E-ISSN 1554-0170, Vol. 18, nr 1, s. 23-41Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Internet resources have been ascribed transformative powers in the development of educational organizations and students in developing regions. However, most development projects relating to Internet resources focus on publishing material without much analysis of the actual use. The question then is how we can go deeper in our analysis and study actual development outcomes. The analysis in this paper is based on Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach where both the means and ends are evaluated. The research question is “What are the benefits of using Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach when evaluating development outcomes?”. We answer the question by evaluating what capabilities and functionings Internet resources can enable for students in higher education. Findings show that the Capability Approach enables us to gain a deeper understanding of why and how development outcomes are achieved. We are also able to follow the development process from the intervention to the realized outcomes. 

    sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
    Routledge, 2012
    Emneord
    Internet resources, education, the Capability Approach, Amartya Sen, human development
    HSV kategori
    Forskningsprogram
    Informatik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-21420 (URN)10.1080/02681102.2011.617722 (DOI)000299345500003 ()2-s2.0-84856090905 (Scopus ID)
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2012-01-30 Laget: 2012-01-30 Sist oppdatert: 2020-01-30bibliografisk kontrollert
    4. Students’ use of one to one laptops: a capability approach analysis
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Students’ use of one to one laptops: a capability approach analysis
    2013 (engelsk)Inngår i: Information Technology and People, ISSN 0959-3845, E-ISSN 1758-5813, Vol. 26, nr 1, s. 94-112Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - We evaluate effects of students’ 1:1 laptop use from a capability perspective by investigating increases and decreases of students’ opportunities and choices. We investigate changes that have taken place and how these changes enable or restrict students to do and be what they desire.

    Design/methodology/approach – We undertake an interpretive case study based on group interviews and questionnaires. Sen’s capability approach is used as theoretical framework and has informed the data collection and the analysis.

    Findings – 1:1 laptops in schools have provided students with new opportunities and choices, but also restricted others. An evident opportunity is the equalization of access to computers. Other opportunities relate to schoolwork efficiency and increased access to information. Gains also include the use of different media for overcoming disabilities or to fit individual learning styles. Regarding students’ well-being, a “fun” learning environment is mentioned. However, the “fun” is often about playing games or using social media – something which diverts the students’ attention from the learning. Students also find that they are less social, too computer dependent, and that they miss using pen and paper. Additionally, health issues such as back problems and headaches are reported, as well as an increased risk of being robbed.

    Originality/value – Most research on 1:1 laptops in education focuses on easily quantifiable measures and reports from a teacher perspective. We take a broader approach and investigate the impact 1:1 laptops have on students’ well-being and agency. 

    sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
    Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2013
    Emneord
    1:1 laptops, ICT supported learning, education, the capability approach
    HSV kategori
    Forskningsprogram
    Informatik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-26929 (URN)10.1108/09593841311307169 (DOI)000318378300005 ()2-s2.0-84874811370 (Scopus ID)
    Prosjekter
    UnosUno
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2013-01-18 Laget: 2013-01-18 Sist oppdatert: 2020-01-30bibliografisk kontrollert
    5. Back to basics: Why (some) ICT4D projects still struggle
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Back to basics: Why (some) ICT4D projects still struggle
    2013 (engelsk)Inngår i: Proceedings of the 12th International conference on social implications of computers in developing countries, 2013Konferansepaper, Publicerat paper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Emneord
    Success and failure, ICT4D, education, the capability approach, conversion factors
    HSV kategori
    Forskningsprogram
    Informatik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29299 (URN)
    Konferanse
    12th International conference on social implications of computers in developing countries (IFIP WG 9.4), May 19-22, 2013, Ocho Rios, Jamaica
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2013-06-03 Laget: 2013-06-03 Sist oppdatert: 2023-02-14bibliografisk kontrollert
    6. Capability outcomes from educational and ICT capability inputs: an analysis of ICT use in informal education in Kenya
    Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Capability outcomes from educational and ICT capability inputs: an analysis of ICT use in informal education in Kenya
    (engelsk)Manuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    In the field of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) ICT use in education is well studied. Education is often seen as a pre-­‐requisite for development and ICTs are believed to aid in education, e.g. to make it more accessible and to increase its quality. In this paper we study the access and use of ICT in a study circle (SC) education program in the south coast of Kenya. The study is qualitative reporting results based on interviews and observations with SC participants, government officers and SC coordinators and teachers. The study builds on the capability approach perspective of development where individuals’ opportunities and ability to live a life that they value are focused. The aim of the study is to investigate the capability outcomes enabled through the capability inputs access and use of ICT in education as well as the factors that enabled and/or restricted the outcomes. Findings show that many opportunities have been enabled such as an increase in the ability to generate an income, learning benefits, community development and basic human development (e.g. literacy and self-­‐confidence). However, conversion factors such as a poorly developed infrastructure and poor IT literacy prevent many of the individuals from taking full advantage of the ICT and the opportunities it enables.

    Emneord
    ICT supported education, education, study circle, the capability approach, ICT4D, ICT access, ICT training
    HSV kategori
    Forskningsprogram
    Informatik
    Identifikatorer
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-32004 (URN)
    Tilgjengelig fra: 2013-10-14 Laget: 2013-10-14 Sist oppdatert: 2020-01-30bibliografisk kontrollert
  • 22.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Use of Internet resources to improve education delivery: a case study in Bangladesh2008Inngår i: Proceedings of ECEL 2008: the 7th European conference on e-Learning, book 1, 2008, s. 477-483Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 23.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Andersson, Annika
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Students’ use of one to one laptops: a capability approach analysis2013Inngår i: Information Technology and People, ISSN 0959-3845, E-ISSN 1758-5813, Vol. 26, nr 1, s. 94-112Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - We evaluate effects of students’ 1:1 laptop use from a capability perspective by investigating increases and decreases of students’ opportunities and choices. We investigate changes that have taken place and how these changes enable or restrict students to do and be what they desire.

    Design/methodology/approach – We undertake an interpretive case study based on group interviews and questionnaires. Sen’s capability approach is used as theoretical framework and has informed the data collection and the analysis.

    Findings – 1:1 laptops in schools have provided students with new opportunities and choices, but also restricted others. An evident opportunity is the equalization of access to computers. Other opportunities relate to schoolwork efficiency and increased access to information. Gains also include the use of different media for overcoming disabilities or to fit individual learning styles. Regarding students’ well-being, a “fun” learning environment is mentioned. However, the “fun” is often about playing games or using social media – something which diverts the students’ attention from the learning. Students also find that they are less social, too computer dependent, and that they miss using pen and paper. Additionally, health issues such as back problems and headaches are reported, as well as an increased risk of being robbed.

    Originality/value – Most research on 1:1 laptops in education focuses on easily quantifiable measures and reports from a teacher perspective. We take a broader approach and investigate the impact 1:1 laptops have on students’ well-being and agency. 

  • 24.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Ater, Sarah
    Obura, David
    Mibei, Brigid
    Back to basics: Why (some) ICT4D projects still struggle2013Inngår i: Proceedings of the 12th International conference on social implications of computers in developing countries, 2013Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 25.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Ater, Sarah
    CORDIO East Africa, Kenya.
    Obura, David
    CORDIO East Africa, Kenya.
    Mibei, Brigid
    CORDIO East Africa, Kenya.
    Capability outcomes from educational and ICT capability inputs: an analysis of ICT use in informal education in KenyaManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    In the field of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) ICT use in education is well studied. Education is often seen as a pre-­‐requisite for development and ICTs are believed to aid in education, e.g. to make it more accessible and to increase its quality. In this paper we study the access and use of ICT in a study circle (SC) education program in the south coast of Kenya. The study is qualitative reporting results based on interviews and observations with SC participants, government officers and SC coordinators and teachers. The study builds on the capability approach perspective of development where individuals’ opportunities and ability to live a life that they value are focused. The aim of the study is to investigate the capability outcomes enabled through the capability inputs access and use of ICT in education as well as the factors that enabled and/or restricted the outcomes. Findings show that many opportunities have been enabled such as an increase in the ability to generate an income, learning benefits, community development and basic human development (e.g. literacy and self-­‐confidence). However, conversion factors such as a poorly developed infrastructure and poor IT literacy prevent many of the individuals from taking full advantage of the ICT and the opportunities it enables.

  • 26.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Ater, Sarah
    CORDIO East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
    Obura, David
    CORDIO East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
    Mibei, Brigid
    CORDIO East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
    Capability outcomes from educational and ICT capability inputs: an analysis of ICT use in informal education in Kenya2014Inngår i: The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, E-ISSN 1681-4835, Vol. 61, nr 1, s. 1-17Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In the field of Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) ICT use in education is well studied. Education is often seen as a pre-requisite for development and ICTs are believed to aid in education, e.g. to make it more accessible and to increase its quality. In this paper we study the access and use of ICT in a study circle (SC) education program in the south coast of Kenya. The study is qualitative reporting results based on interviews and observations with SC participants, government officers and SC coordinators and teachers. The study builds on the capability approach perspective of development where individuals’ opportunities and ability to live a life that they value are focused. The aim of the study is to investigate the capability outcomes enabled through the capability inputs access and use of ICT in education as well as the factors that enabled and/or restricted the outcomes. Findings show that many opportunities have been enabled such as an increase in the ability to generate an income, learning benefits, community development and basic human development (e.g. literacy and self-confidence). However, conversion factors such as a poorly developed infrastructure and poor IT literacy prevent many of the individuals from taking full advantage of the ICT and the opportunities it enables. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    hatakka_ater_obura_mibei.pdf
  • 27.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Avdic, Anders
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    Andersson, Annika
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, statistik och informatik.
    SCORM: from the perspective of the course designer : a critical review2007Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The introduction of e-Learning opens new possibilities and new ways of delivering courses. Learning objects can be used and reused in educational contexts to educate students, employees, administrative officers and citizens. In later years Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) developed by Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) has more or less become a de-facto standard for creating learning materials that can be used in different learning management systems (LMS).There are many scientific papers that deal with the benefits of e-Learning from a learner’s perspective, or from a strictly economical point of view. In this paper we critically evaluate which benefits and drawbacks a course designer in a university setting can have from using the SCORM standard to deliver a course to the students. We use scenarios to test what benefits and drawbacks can be observed by setting up a course on an LMS with and without the use of the SCORM specification.Our findings show that for a course designer, advantages with SCORM are possibility of reuse, use of metadata and possibility to sequence the learning path of the learner. The most important drawback for a course designer is the lack of flexibility when using SCORM. Another major drawback is structure rigidity. In order to fully be able to use the potential of SCORM the course design and content should not be changed after the course is started. This might have negative impact on the possibilities to design a university course if the field of study is volatile, like many ICT-related topics are.

  • 28.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Avdic, Anders
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Grönlund, Åke
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Open content use in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka: context flexibility as an enabler for reuse2009Inngår i: Workshop proceedings: 2nd Annual SIG GlobDev Workshop, 2009, s. Paper 11-Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Free-to-use learning material, open content (OC), is ascribed the potential to change the playingfield in regards to every individual’s right to education. OC is, however, not much used indeveloping countries. The aim of this paper is to study how actors involved in contentdevelopment affect reuse of OC. Actor-Network Theory (ANT) concepts are used to describecontent development processes in two cases (in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka). Findings show thatthere are content properties that need to be flexible and adaptable for it to be used. The propertiesmust not only fit with students and content developers, it must also be adaptable to fit with theeducational organization and the technologies used for dissemination. Since there are manyactors and properties that must be aligned it is unlikely that fully context independent OC can bedeveloped. For OC to play a role for development the focus has to be on developing flexiblecontent that easily can be adapted to different contexts.

  • 29.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    De', Rahul
    Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, India.
    Development, capabilities and technology: an evaluative framework2011Inngår i: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries: Partners  for  Development  -­  ICT  Actors  and  Actions, 2011Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present a framework to be used for evaluation of Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) projects. The framework is based on Sen´s notion of development as freedom where human capabilities and functionings are seen as key aspects to development. Sen´s capability approach presents an alternative way of seeing and evaluating development (alternative to more traditional ways of measuring development). The approach is based on expanding freedoms, or eliminating unfreedoms, for people so that they can live a life that they have reason to value. Even though Sen is referenced a lot in ICT4D literature the analysis rarely goes further then stating that Sen presents an alternative to traditional ways of development. Reasons can be that the capability approach does not specifically mention technology, in addition to the lack of guidelines presented by Sen on how to use the framework. The aim of this paper is to operationalize the evaluation process and to include a clear role for technology in Sen´s capability framework. The framework is validated with a case on distance education from Bangladesh. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    ifip9.4_paper 6
  • 30.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Informatik, Högskolan Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
    Devinder, Thapa
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway .
    Sæbø, Øystein
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway .
    A Framework for Understanding the Link Between ICT and Development:: How Affordances Influence Capabilities2016Inngår i: Proceedings of SIG GlobDev Ninth Annual Workshop, Dublin, Ireland, December 11, 2016, AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) , 2016, artikkel-id 11Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Understanding the role of ICT in development is at the core of the ICT4D field. However, while most agree that ICT do contribute to development, the question of how is still not fully explored. In this research-in-progress, we propose a framework that combines two theoretical lenses, the choice framework (that is based on the capability approach) and affordances, to increase our understanding of ICTs role in the development process. The capability approach considers development as freedoms for people to live the lives they have a reason to value. The affordance theory describes action possibilities allowed by material properties, thereby allowing the examination of how individuals explore material properties of information systems with the objective of enhancing their capabilities. We argue that, by combining the choice framework with affordances we can better explain the role of ICT in the development process, and explain how individuals’ agency and social structures influence their ability to perceive affordances in their interaction with the ICT.

  • 31.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Lagsten, Jenny
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    The capability approach as a tool for development evaluation: analyzing students' use of internet resources2012Inngår i: Information Technology for Development, ISSN 0268-1102, E-ISSN 1554-0170, Vol. 18, nr 1, s. 23-41Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Internet resources have been ascribed transformative powers in the development of educational organizations and students in developing regions. However, most development projects relating to Internet resources focus on publishing material without much analysis of the actual use. The question then is how we can go deeper in our analysis and study actual development outcomes. The analysis in this paper is based on Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach where both the means and ends are evaluated. The research question is “What are the benefits of using Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach when evaluating development outcomes?”. We answer the question by evaluating what capabilities and functionings Internet resources can enable for students in higher education. Findings show that the Capability Approach enables us to gain a deeper understanding of why and how development outcomes are achieved. We are also able to follow the development process from the intervention to the realized outcomes. 

  • 32.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Mozelius, Peter
    Stocholms Universitet / DSV.
    A model for a learning object repository metadata set: a case study at UCSC, Sri Lanka2009Inngår i: e-Asia conference 2009, 2009, s. 17-17Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 33.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. School of Technology and Business Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Osman, Fatumo
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Erlandsson, Kerstin
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Byrskog, Ulrika
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Egal, Jama
    School of Health Science, Hargeisa University, Hargesia, Somaliland.
    Klingberg-Allvin, Marie
    School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    "Change-makers in midwifery care": Exploring the Differences Between Expectations and Outcomes – a qualitative study of a Midwifery Net-based Education Programme in the Somali region2019Inngår i: Midwifery, ISSN 0266-6138, E-ISSN 1532-3099, Vol. 69, s. 135-142Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The aim of this study is to explore midwifery educators’ expected outcomes in the net-based master's programme, the programmes’ realised outcomes and the reported difference regarding the increased choices for the graduates and the effect on their agency.

    Design: In this case study, we focused on a net-based master's programme in sexual and reproductive health in Somalia. Somalia suffers from a shortage of skilled birth attendants and there is a need for building up the capacity of midwifery educators.

    Setting and participants: Data was collected in focus group discussions at the start of the programme and eight months after the students graduated. The data were analysed through the lens of the choice framework, which is based on the capability approach.

    Findings: Findings show that many of the graduates’ expectations were met, while some were more difficult to fulfil. While the midwives’ choices and resource portfolios had improved because of their role as educators, the social structure prevented them from acting on their agency, specifically in regards to making changes at the social level. Several of the positive developments can be attributed to the pedagogy and structure of the programme.

    Conclusion: The flexibility of net-based education gave the midwifery educators a new educational opportunity that they previously did not have. Students gained increased power and influence on some levels. However, they still lack power in government organisations where, in addition to their role as educators, they could use their skills and knowledge to change policies at the social level.

  • 34.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Strand, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Moving beyond rhetoric - a study of (under-) representation in ICT4D research2022Inngår i: Fourteenth Annual AIS SIG Global Development Pre-ICIS Workshop, 2022Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    While decolonialization of knowledge production is not a new concern, the debate in ICT4D has gained traction following a growing attention to the issue in ICT4D journals and conferences. This paper aims to contribute to this debate by analyzing underrepresentation of Global South -based scholars in ICT4D research output. The study aspires to provide a foundation for critical self-examination of our research practices. The study is a literature review of papers published in the top three ICT4D journals and ICT4D papers published in the top IS journals over 10 years (2011-2020). The findings show that most of the papers are published from authors in countries ranked as very high- or high development with a significant lower representation of authors from countries ranked as low development. Moreover, there is, despite the field’s acknowledgement of the concern, no substantial improvement over the studied time period. While we do not argue that we have a solution for the continuation of historical patterns of underrepresentation of colleagues based in the Global South, we end the paper with offering some suggestions on how to move forward.

  • 35.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Sæbø, Øystein
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Thapa, Devinder
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    A Framework to Explain the Relation Between ICT and Development: Combining Affordances and the Capability Approach2019Inngår i: ICT4D 2019: Information and Communication Technologies for Development. Strengthening Southern-Driven Cooperation as a Catalyst for ICT4D. Proceedings, Part II / [ed] Nielsen P., Kimaro, H., Springer, 2019, s. 60-71Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we suggest a framework to better explain the relation between ICT and development. The framework combines two theories: The Capability Approach and Affordances. The capability approach defines development as freedom of choice; and the affordances explains the relational aspects of people and technology. These two theories complement each other by connecting the means (technology) to the ends (development). A case study of ICT and study-circle education in rural areas of Kenya is used to illustrate the framework. Using the framework, the study revealed how actualization of affordances of internet-cafe enhanced income capabilities of marginalized people; however, at the same time, shows perception and actualization of affordances were contingent on the availability of resources, skills, socio-cultural norms, and infrastructure.

  • 36.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Thapa, Devinder
    Department of Information Systems, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Sæbø, Øystein
    Department of Information Systems, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Understanding the role of ICT and study circles in enabling economic opportunities: Lessons learned from an educational project in Kenya2020Inngår i: Information Systems Journal, ISSN 1350-1917, E-ISSN 1365-2575, Vol. 30, nr 4, s. 664-698Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we explore how the combination of Informa-tion and Communication Technologies (ICT) and self-organised study circles improves rural communities' abilityto enhance their economic opportunities. We present thecase study of an adult study-circle project in the Kwale County of Kenya with the objective of providing rural communities with viable and sustainable livelihoods. Study circles can be seen as a democratic and emancipatory method for learning, where community groups regularly meet for participatory discussions to educate themselves on a variety of topics of their own interest. The main goal of the study-circle members was to increase economic opportunities using ICT and, more specifically, to start micro-businesses, improve production efficacy and methods, and obtain employment. Using the capability approach and affordances as theoretical lenses, our analysis of the explorative case study shows that the outcomes of the study circle were dependent on various conversion factors and facilitating conditions, such as resources, skills, socio-cultural norms, and infrastructure. The main contributions from our work are represented by the five practical lessons learned from the study-circle members' goals (starting micro-businesses, product efficiency, and obtaining employment) from the self-organised training approach (study circles) and from our theoretical approach (combining the capability approach and affordances).

  • 37.
    Hettiarachchi, Enosha
    et al.
    University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz CA, USA.
    Mozelius, Peter
    Stockholms Universitet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hewagamage, K. P.
    University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz CA, USA.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Balasooriya, Isuru
    University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz CA, USA.
    Karunarathne, Damith
    University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC), Santa Cruz CA, USA.
    eNOSHA - the design and development of a learning object repository2010Inngår i: The International Journal on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions, ISSN 1800-4156, Vol. 3, nr 1Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes the development of an open source Learning Object Repository (LOR), named eNOSHA (eLearning Neutral Object Storage with a Holistic Approach.), at University of Colombo School of Computing (UCSC), Sri Lanka. The e-Learning Centre (eLC) at UCSC has been developing learning content for a nationwide e-Learning Bachelor of Information Technology degree (eBIT) and a preparatory programme for the eBIT program (The Foundation in Information Technology, FIT). Since eBIT started in 2002, a lot of learning content has been developed in-house and there was a need for a repository to support storing and reusing of learning content. The aim of the paper is to present the development of eNOSHA in regards to three key concepts, flexibility, reusability and user-friendliness. Based on a requirement analysis carried out in December 2008, a plan was drafted for the development and implementation of the system. A participatory approach was used where users have been involved in the design, evaluation and implementation. Based on the testing of the system we gained a positive response regarding the searchability and reuse of content. Tests have, however, shown that additional features are needed to be implemented to improve the usability of the system, Even though the system has been developed based on the needs of UCSC, one of the objectives has always been to make it context independent. Internal tests conclude that the system is flexible enough to work in different contexts but the design may need some minor changes once tested in other organizations or cultures.

  • 38.
    Masiero, Silvia
    et al.
    Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Antifascist ICT4D: The Need for an Agenda of Liberation2023Inngår i: After Latour: Globalisation, Inequity and Climate Change: IFIP WG 8.2 and WG 9.4 Joint Working Conference, IFIPJWC 2023, Hyderabad, India, December 7–8, 2023, Proceedings / [ed] Matthew R. Jones; Arunima S. Mukherjee; Devinder Thapa; Yingqin Zheng, Springer, 2023, s. 356-361Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The field of ICT4D has witnessed a crisis of its core assumptions in terms of usability of ICTs within development, as well as the meaning of “development” itself. Such a pars destruens (deconstructing the main assumptions of the field) should in our view be accompanied with a pars construens which embraces antifascism, an element of liberation movements opposing violently oppressive ideas and systems, as a core value. In this paper we set the epistemological basis for an antifascist view of ICT4D, positioning such a view in history and illuminating the contribution of antifascism to the core idea of “making a better world” that inspires ICT4D research. We contribute to the existing literature by spelling out antifascist values in relation to ICT4D, and articulating these with respect to research objects and philosophies that the field embraces.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Antifascist ICT4D: The Need for an Agenda of Liberation
  • 39.
    Mozelius, Peter
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Conveyor belt production of course material: a case study in Sri Lanka2009Inngår i: Proceedings of ECEL 2009: the 8th European conference on e-Learning, 2009, s. 406-412Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 40.
    Mozelius, Peter
    et al.
    Stockholms Universitet / DSV.
    Hettiarachchi, Enosha
    University of Colombo School of Computing.
    Hewagamage, K. P.
    University of Colombo School of Computing.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet.
    Balasooriya, Isuru
    University of Colombo School of Computing.
    Karunarathne, Damith
    University of Colombo School of Computing.
    eNOSHA: design and development of a learning object repository2009Inngår i: e-Asia conference 2009, 2009, s. 35-35Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 41.
    Petersson, Johan
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Chatzipetrou, Panagiota
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Students Perception on Group Workshops – A Comparison Between Campus-Based and Online Workshops2020Inngår i: Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on e-Learning ECEL 2020 / [ed] Carsten Busch, Martin Steinicke and Tilo Wendler, ACI Academic Conferences International, 2020, s. 397-405Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present the results of a comparison on students’ perception of group workshops that traditionally have been conducted on campus, but due to the covid-19 pandemic had to be conducted online. The workshops studied in this paper are learning activities where students in groups of 4-5 collaborate to solve programming problems without the help of computers. The course context is an introductory programming course at the information systems department in a Swedish university. Under “normal” campus-based circumstances, course evaluations have shown these workshops to be the most appreciated and engaging elements in a flipped pedagogy, active learning-based course. The aim of the study is to investigate if student perception of the workshops and their outcome differs when the activity no longer is conducted on campus and face-to-face. A survey targeting different aspects of student perception of the workshops was conducted before and after the change from campus to online. The analysis shows that there is a statistically significant difference in regards to the student’s ability to achieve the course goals and the outcome of the workshops. However, there does not appear to be any difference in the student’s perception to get help and feedback from the teachers. Overall, the results show that the students are less pleased with the workshops and with their performance in the online workshops compared to when they are campus-based.

  • 42.
    Sein, Maung K.
    et al.
    Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; Department of Information Systems, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway;.
    Thapa, Devinder
    Department of Information Systems, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Sæbø, Øystein
    Department of Information Systems, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    A holistic perspective on the theoretical foundations for ICT4D research2019Inngår i: Information Technology for Development, ISSN 0268-1102, E-ISSN 1554-0170, Vol. 25, nr 1, s. 7-25Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    While many theories have guided research Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D), we are yet to construct a clear and coherent narrative that would help us answer the question of how ICT fosters development in underdeveloped communities. In this paper, we argue that one of the main reasons for this is that our holistic understanding of ICT4D is seldom grounded in theories to understand the core areas that define the field, namely, ICT, Development, and, ‘4’ which are the transformative processes that link the two. Through a brief literature review, we list theories that have informed ICT4D research in each of these areas. We present examples of theories, namely, Capability Approach, Affordances, and Actor-Network Theory together with Social Capital and illustrate how we have used them in our research. Building on this holistic perspective on theoretical foundation, we propose five agendas for ICT4D research.

  • 43.
    Sein, Maung
    et al.
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Thapa, Devinder
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Informatik, Högskolan Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.
    Sæbø, Øystein
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    What theories do we need to know to conduct ICT4D research?2016Inngår i: Proceedings of SIG GlobDev Ninth Annual Workshop, Dublin, Ireland, December 11, 2016, AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) , 2016, artikkel-id 12Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Research in ICT4D is a constant search to answer the question of how ICT fosters development in underdeveloped communities. While many theories have guided research, we are yet to develop a cumulative body of knowledge to answer this question. In this paper, we argue that the elusive link between ICT and development needs to be grounded in three groups of theories: theories to understand development; theories to understand ICT; and theories to understand how ICT make development happen. We present exemplars of theories from each group, and illustrate how we have used them in our research. Through reflecting on which questions to be answered by including the three groups of theories, we propose research agendas.

  • 44.
    Strand, Cecilia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Anti-corruption efforts in national ICT policies: A study of policy environments in Sub-Saharan Africa2019Inngår i: ICT4D 2019: Information and Communication Technologies for Development. Strengthening Southern-Driven Cooperation as a Catalyst for ICT4D. Proceedings, Part I / [ed] Nielsen P., Kimaro H., Springer, 2019, s. 520-531Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa suffer from endemic corruption, which disrupts development efforts. Although ICTs is no magic wand, several studies indicate that ICT can serve as an important tool for combatting corruption by increasing transparency, and enable citizens to hold public officials accountable. Anti-corruption efforts are however dependent on strong political will and rule of law to be successful. A policy typically contains description of government intentions formulated into concrete objectives, as well as the rationale behind government targets. Furthermore, policies guide programmatic responses. The aim of this study is to explore how ICTs’ anti-corruption potential have been understood at the policy level over time in ICT policies from nine Sub-Saharan African countries between 2000 and 2018. The study concludes that although there are signs of a growing understanding of ICTs as a multi-purpose tool for anti-corruption towards the end of the period, most policies fail to produce a comprehensive and explicit narratives as well as statements affirming political will. The policy environment’s development trajectory, albeit positive, thus leaves room for improvement in terms highlighting ICTs potential contributions.

  • 45.
    Strand, Cecilia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Existing and promising theoretical approaches to understanding ICTs contribution to anti-corruption efforts: A Literature Review2019Inngår i: Electronic Governance and Open Society: Challenges in Eurasia 2019 / [ed] Dmitrii Trutnev, 2019Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Two theories, often presented as bifurcated, dominate attempts to understand corruption in the social sciences: collective action and principal-agent. Both theories seek to ex-plain when and why corruption happens, as well as how it can be addressed. With the ICT4D field often criticized for being undertheorized, the following study explores which theories are drawn upon to understand ICTs as an anticorruption tool in developing countries. Through a literature review of 20 years of IS and ICT4D research the study analyses 19 peer reviewed journal articles’ theoretical under-pinning together with methodology and theoretical contributions. The results find that even if a few studies declare some, often only cursory, theoretical underpinnings and influences, they in-fallibly fail to present a theoretically informed analytical framework detailing ICTs contribution to anti-corruption, or the lack thereof. Furthermore, with most of the papers containing no theoretical references, the field is still clearly struggling with theory. The article discusses the benefits with appropriating theory, such as principle-agent and collective action as well as more critical approaches to un-pack ICTs contribution to anti-corruption efforts.

  • 46.
    Strand, Cecilia
    et al.
    Department for Informatics and Media, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Department of Informatics, Dalarna University, Borlänge, Sweden.
    Mobile phones as a citizen-controlled anti-corruption tool in East Africa: a literature review2017Inngår i: Information and Communication Technologies for Development: 14th IFIP WG 9.4 International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, ICT4D 2017, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, May 22-24, 2017, Proceedings / [ed] Islam M.S., Choudrie J., Wahid F., Bass J.M., Priyatma J.E., Cham: Springer, 2017, s. 753-764Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite agreement amongst donors, business and political leaders concerning the negative effects of corruption, levels have not fallen in East Africa. The continued high levels of corruption, reassert the need for a better understanding if mobile phones, if prolific enough, can be an effective tool against corruption. Through a literature review of ten years M4D and ICT4D research on mobiles as a citizens-controlled tool for (a) accessing government information either directly or through citizens’ crowd-sourcing of information and (b) mobilization to demand greater government transparency, as well as, (c) instantaneous reporting of corruption in East Africa; this study attempts to gauge the status of this research field. The review included the ten highest ranking open access ICT4D journals, and six journals from parent disciplines; information system and development studies, as well as conference proceedings from the M4D conferences, and the SIG Globdev Workshops. The review concludes that earlier optimism around mobiles’ potential to support citizens’ counter-corruption actions, has not resulted in a significant body of research. Nor does the literature provide any substantive clues as to why this urgent topic has not been explored more fully.

  • 47.
    Strand, Cecilia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Understanding Evolution and Progress Towards Academic Maturity - A Review of Ten Years of ICT4D Research2022Inngår i: Information and Communication Technologies for Development. Freedom and Social Inclusion in a Connected World: 17th International Conference on Social Implications of Computers in Developing Countries, ICT4D 2022, Lima, Peru, May 25–27, 2022, Proceedings / [ed] Yingqin Zheng; Pamela Abbott; Jose Antonio Robles-Flores, Springer, 2022, Vol. 657Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    ICT4D researchers have since the inception of the field engaged in analyzing its emerging contours, as well as a continuously pursued critical self-examination to support academic growth. This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the outcome of the efforts of pushing a relatively young field forward, by analyzing the field’s level of academic maturity. Through a literature review of ten years of ICT4D research (2011-2020), which include all papers published in ITD, ITID and EJISDC as well as all ICT4D papers published in the Senior Scholars' Basket of 8 Journals, the study observes that ICT4D research, fulfills several criteria associated with academic maturity. Furthermore, the results indicates that the most cited ICT4D research output is actively contributing to disciplines outside the reference disciplines of IS and development studies, suggesting that ICT4D research has established itself beyond the reference disciplines. The later constituts a key milestone in disciplinary development.  

  • 48.
    Thapa, Devinder
    et al.
    University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Dalarna University, Borlänge, Sweden.
    Understanding ICT in ICT4D: An Affordance Perspective2017Inngår i: Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 2017, 2017, s. 2618-2626Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Understanding the role of ICT for development is at the core of ICT4D research. However, prevailing research in this field most often focuses on access or readiness of a technology, or on the outcomes of the technology use. Less attention has been paid to understand the mechanism of the technology use that leads to the outcomes. The question of why ICT in a development context sometimes work and sometimes does not work still remainsa subject of enquiry. To enhance our understanding in this regard, we propose to use the concept of affordances to unfold the “black boxed” nature of ICT. We revisited a case from Kenya to illustrate the applicationof affordances in a ICT4D context. The findings show that the benefits of ICT can be harnessed only if the users in the underprivileged communities can perceive and actualize the affordances of the ICT. However, what is ICT affordances, and how people perceive and actualize the affordances in the context of developing countries are the issues that we delve in this paper.

  • 49.
    Viberg, Olga
    et al.
    The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Bälter, Olof
    The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Mavroudi, Anna
    The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
    The current landscape of learning analytics in higher education2018Inngår i: Computers in human behavior, ISSN 0747-5632, E-ISSN 1873-7692, Vol. 89, s. 98-110Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Learning analytics can improve learning practice by transforming the ways we support learning processes. This study is based on the analysis of 252 papers on learning analytics in higher education published between 2012 and 2018. The main research question is: What is the current scientific knowledge about the application of learning analytics in higher education? The focus is on research approaches, methods and the evidence for learning analytics. The evidence was examined in relation to four earlier validated propositions: whether learning analytics i) improve learning outcomes, ii) support learning and teaching, iii) are deployed widely, and iv) are used ethically. The results demonstrate that overall there is little evidence that shows improvements in students' learning outcomes (9%) as well as learning support and teaching (35%). Similarly, little evidence was found for the third (6%) and the forth (18%) proposition. Despite the fact that the identified potential for improving learner practice is high, we cannot currently see much transfer of the suggested potential into higher educational practice over the years. However, the analysis of the existing evidence for learning analytics indicates that there is a shift towards a deeper understanding of students’ learning experiences for the last years.

  • 50.
    Wistrand, Kai
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Moll, Jonas
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Hatakka, Mathias
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Andersson, Annika
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet.
    Improving Writing Skills Among Information Systems Students: Guidelines for Incorporating Communication Components in Higher Education2020Inngår i: 2020 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), IEEE, 2020, artikkel-id 9274074Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Students in Engineering, Computer science and Information systems often experience problems when writing the final examination theses. This paper reports on two cases, applying different strategies, with the ambitions to improve the students’ possibilities to write, evaluate and verbally present scientific reports. The first strategy presented concerns using a specific course and the second strategy involves a revision of an entire programme. Using constructive alignment and curriculum theory the two strategies are compared with the purpose of extrapolating specific and general guidelines for how to incorporate scientific communication components in engineering programmes.

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