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  • Tryggvason, Ásgeir
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Mårdh, Andreas
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Sund, Louise
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Department of Educational Sciences and Arts, Mälardalen University, Västerås/Eskilstuna, Sweden.
    Öhman, Johan
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    The existential and the instrumental in Environmental and Sustainability Education2026In: Environmental Education Research, ISSN 1350-4622, E-ISSN 1469-5871, p. 1-21Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this theoretical paper, we argue that ESE is caught between the existential dimension of its content and the instrumentalisation of the education system in which it operates. We argue that the tension between the existential dimension and instrumentalism manifests in five aspects of ESE, which direct ESE in profoundly different directions. We build our understanding of the existential dimension in ESE on Karl Jaspers’ (1883–1969) existential philosophy and prior research on the existential dimension in ESE. Drawing on a theoretical foundation from existential philosophy, we outline what it might mean when ESE teaching content becomes the student’s own existential question. Our view of instrumentalism in ESE is informed by recent work within educational philosophy on instrumentalism in education. The five aspects of ESE where the tension between the existential dimension and instrumentalism manifests are: (i) the aim of education, (ii) the role of knowledge, (iii) the role of students’ prior experiences, (iv) the role of emotions and (v) the role of time. In our closing discussion, we address the possibilities of making room for the existential dimension of ESE teaching content, given the dominant, and possibly hegemonic, position of instrumentalism in education today.

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    The existential and the instrumental in Environmental and Sustainability Education
  • Jackson, Adam
    et al.
    Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Fröbert, Ole
    Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Boye Larsen, Dennis
    Aalborg University, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark.
    Giordano, Rocco
    Aalborg University, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark.
    Arendt-Nielsen, Lars
    Aalborg University, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg, Denmark.
    Björkenheim, Anna
    Örebro University Hospital. Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Inflammatory biomarkers in symptomatic atrial fibrillation: a case-control study2025In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 46, no Sup. 1, p. 359-359Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with significant morbidity and healthcare burden. While some patients remain asymptomatic, others experience debilitating symptoms. Traditional factors such as heart rate and rhythm irregularity do not fully explain this variability, suggesting that additional mechanisms, including inflammation, contribute to symptom severity.

    Purpose: We aimed to investigate inflammation-associated protein profiles in patients with symptomatic AF before and after ablation compared to controls.

    Methods: This case-control study included 100 patients aged 18–75 years with symptomatic paroxysmal or persistent AF scheduled for a first catheter ablation (pulmonary vein isolation) and 100 age- and sex-matched controls without AF. Symptom burden was assessed using the AF6 questionnaire (score range 0-60) and the modified European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) symptom scale. Peripheral blood samples were collected from AF patients both before and the day after ablation, and once from controls. Proteomic profiling was performed using the Olink Target 96 Inflammation panel. In addition, six AF-related proteins—Cystatin C, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity (hs) C-reactive protein (CRP), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), hs troponin, and S100-calcium binding protein B (S100B)—were analysed separately. Principal component analysis and linear regression models (adjusted for baseline value, age, sex, rhythm at admission, baseline creatinine, and baseline NT-proBNP) were used to examine biomarker profiles, with significance defined as p<0.05 after Bonferroni correction.

    Results: The median AF6 sum score was 23 (IQR: 14-32), and most patients were classified as EHRA III, indicating severe symptoms before ablation. Fifty-two inflammatory biomarkers, including interleukin-6, fibroblast growth factor-21, and interleukin-10 were significantly increased after compared to before ablation. Principal component analysis showed partial separation between AF patients (both pre- and post-ablation) and controls, indicating distinct inflammatory profiles, with some overlap between pre- and post-ablation (Figure 1). Among the six targeted proteins, all were elevated except S100B. In the case-control comparison, 12 biomarkers were significantly increased in AF patients, and NT-proBNP and Cystatin C were elevated in the separate analysis. Twenty-three patients experienced at least one ECG-verified AF recurrence between the end of the three-month blanking period and the six-month follow-up.

    Conclusion: Our findings indicate that symptomatic AF is associated with a distinct inflammatory biomarker signature that is further modified by catheter ablation. These results highlight an acute inflammatory response and potential immune modulation post-ablation, underscoring the potential of inflammatory biomarkers in refining personalised management strategies for patients with symptomatic AF.

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  • Takami, Christine
    et al.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Savinen, Suvi
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
    Sjölander, Arvid
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Chang, Zheng
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Brikell, Isabell
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Kuja-Halkola, Ralf
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    D’Onofrio, Brian M.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
    Gudbjornsdottir, Soffia
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden.
    Garcia-Argibay, Miguel
    Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Developmental EPI (Evidence synthesis, Prediction, Implementation) lab, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
    Larsson, Henrik
    Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pettersson, Erik
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lichtenstein, Paul
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Landén, Mikael
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Somatic morbidity in bipolar disorders2026In: International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, E-ISSN 2194-7511, Vol. 14, no 1, article id 19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: This Swedish nationwide cohort study used large-scale data to investigate the associations between bipolar disorder and somatic disorders and whether these risks differ by subtype, sex, or exposure to compulsory care.

    Methods: 61,071 individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder in inpatient (from 1973) or outpatient care (from 2001) care were compared with the general population without bipolar disorder. The cohort included individuals born in 1932 or later, with follow-up from 1973 to 2020. Cox regression models estimated associations with a range of somatic conditions, including cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, and infectious diseases. Subtype-specific analyses were conducted in individuals with type 1 (n = 8,352) or type 2 (n = 9,674), and in those with a history of compulsory care (n = 6,748).

    Results: Bipolar disorder was associated with significantly increased risks for most examined somatic conditions. The highest hazard ratios (HRs) were observed for sleep disorders (HR 3.79; 95% CI, 3.71–3.87) and dementias (HR 4.32; 95% CI, 3.82–4.79). Type 2 diabetes risk was elevated, while no association was found for type 1 diabetes. Most risks were comparable across bipolar subtypes, though certain conditions—such as migraine and fibromyalgia—were more strongly associated with type 2. Individuals with a history of compulsory psychiatric care showed elevated risks for several conditions.

    Conclusions: Regardless of sex or subtype, bipolar disorder is associated with substantially higher lifetime risks of a broad range of somatic conditions. Integrated psychiatric and somatic health care may help reduce morbidity and improve outcomes.

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  • Stokland, Håkon B.
    et al.
    Department of Terrestrial Biodiversity, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
    Vadrot, Alice
    Department of Political Science, University of Vienna, Austria.
    Barron, Elizabeth Sanna
    Department of Geography and Social Anthropology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
    Beck, Silke
    Department of Science, Technology and Society (STS)/ TUM School of Social Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
    Emery, Marla R.
    United States Forest Service, Research and Development, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
    Lidskog, Rolf
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Maas, Timo
    PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, the Netherlands; Section of Knowledge, Transformation, and Society, University of Twente, the Netherlands.
    Montana, Jasper
    Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Australia.
    Sandström, Camilla
    Department of Political Science, Umeå University, Sweden.
    Stenseke, Marie
    Unit for Human Geography, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Stirling, Andy
    Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex, United Kingdom.
    Stoett, Peter
    Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada.
    Turnhout, Esther
    Section of Knowledge, Transformation, and Society, University of Twente, the Netherlands.
    Making global environmental assessments fit for future challenges2026In: Environmental Science and Policy, ISSN 1462-9011, E-ISSN 1873-6416, Vol. 180, article id 104389Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Global environmental assessments (GEAs) provide authoritative expert knowledge on environmental issues for an international audience. Demand for GEAs is growing rapidly: their number is increasing, and their thematic scope continually expands. At the same time, the environmental, social, and political context in which GEAs operate has changed dramatically over their 50-year history. Anthropogenic environmental problems have worsened significantly, while calls for just and equitable transformations are intensifying. In response, GEAs have begun to shift from primarily diagnosing problems to offering solutions and influencing policy, and more recently, towards supporting sustainability transformations. Assessment bodies increasingly recognize that meeting these novel ambitions requires deeper engagement from social sciences and humanities (SSH). However, efforts to include these disciplines have encountered considerable challenges. In this paper, we argue that for GEAs to effectively engage SSH, they must move beyond the prevailing paradigm of environmental assessment based on objectivity, singularity, and linearity, and instead experiment with the plurality and reflexivity of a broader range of knowledges. Such an approach is essential for advancing transformative societal changes. Achieving this requires fundamental reforms to GEA structures and processes. We propose five critical steps for making GEAs more responsive to emerging challenges and more reflexive about their responsibilities within global governance regimes.

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    Making global environmental assessments fit for future challenges
  • Eriksson, Linnea
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, K2 – Swedish Knowledge Centre for Collective Mobility, Linköping, Sweden.
    Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Overlapping spaces: Planning for the “whole journey” in Swedish public transport2026In: Journal of Transport Geography, ISSN 0966-6923, E-ISSN 1873-1236, Vol. 134, article id 104690Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores how regional public transport authorities in Sweden interpret and apply the “whole-journey approach” in planning for sustainable mobility. The concept refers to the idea that public transport must be planned as a seamless chain of movements, integrating the entire journey, from departure to arrival, across different modes and environments. Drawing on planning documents and interviews from five non-metropolitan counties, the study shows that, while the whole-journey approach is a shared ambition, its implementation varies in both logic and practice. Two planning logics emerge: one focused on individual users and the seamlessness of their trips, and another oriented around collective service provision through high-capacity transit corridors.

    Building on existing international models, the paper develops a spatial framework identifying four overlapping spaces throughout the journey: information, departure, public transport, and arrival. The analysis finds that public transport authorities have strong control over the information and public transport spaces, concentrating efforts on digital services and integration across operators. However, their influence is limited in the departure and arrival spaces, which depend on co-planning with municipalities and national authorities. This reveals a gap between ambition and institutional capacity.

    The paper concludes that the whole-journey approach is best understood as a flexible planning ideal rather than a fixed method. While it offers a promising framework for linking public transport to land-use planning, its effectiveness depends on stronger coordination across planning levels and deeper engagement with the everyday mobility needs of individuals.

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    Overlapping spaces: Planning for the “whole journey” in Swedish public transport
  • Witte, Ingrid
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Brauer, John
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    ”Vi kan inte göra det själva”: Implementering av Individual Placement and Support i svensk psykosvård2026Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I denna rapport presenteras resultat ur en utvärdering av projektet IPS-integrering i vårdteam. Projektet och utvärderingen pågick under perioden 2023-03-01 - 2026-02-28 och finansierades av Europeiska Socialfonden. Utvärderingen är baserad på intervjuer med yrkesverksamma och deltagare i projektet. Syftet med rapporten är att belysa dels möjligheter och hinder som uppstår i implementeringen av IPS, dels deltagares erfarenheter av att vara med i IPS, samt med utgångspunkt i dessa resultat föreslå förbättringsförslag och viktiga områden att ta hänsyn till vid implementering av IPS i Sverige.

    Utvärderingens huvudsakliga slutsatser är:

    • Det går att implementera IPS inom psykiatriska team i Sverige där arbetsspecialisterna inte är anställda av psykiatrin men dettar tid och kräver kontinuitet.

    • Externa faktorer är betydande för möjligheten att implementera IPS för psykosvårdens målgrupp. De inkluderar inte minst ersättningssystemens påverkan samt psykiatrins organisering. Samtidigt är det viktigt att följa förändringar i ersättningssystem då det kan uppstå glapp mellan å ena sidan praktikers och patienters farhågor, exempelvis för indragen ersättning och å andra sidan myndigheters faktiska tillämpning.

    • Den långsiktiga implementeringen av IPS inom Region Örebro län är oviss. Det är viktigt att klargöra ansvarsfrågan i relation till frågan huruvida IPS är en rehabiliterande vårdinsats eller en arbetsmarknadsinsats. Fokuset på arbete, och då inte minst det arbetsgivarorienterade arbetssättet, innebär att IPS utmanar synen på hälso- och sjukvårdens arbete.

    • De deltagare som intervjuats är i huvudsak nöjda med IPS-insatsen. Arbetet koordineras mellan psykosvården och arbetsspecialister utan större behov av mer deltagarintensiv samverkan. Detta har i huvudsak uppfattas som positivt av deltagare. Dock är en risk att deltagares delaktighet förbises om det uppstår ett glapp mellan den enskildes upplevelse av insatsen och arbetsspecialistens uppfattning om deltagarens deltagande.

    • På grund av nedsatt arbetsförmåga har IPS-insatsen i praktiken kommit att erbjuda sysselsättning, med liten eller ingen chans för anställning, åt en stor andel deltagare. Å ena sidan innebär det en avvikelse mot IPS-metoden. Å andra sidan uttrycker de intervjuade deltagarna att sysselsättningen varit stärkande och ett viktigt komplement till socialpsykiatrins dagverksamhet.

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    ”Vi kan inte göra det själva” Implementering av Individual Placement and Support i svensk psykosvård
  • Wahlström, Emmie
    et al.
    Department of Social Science and Humanities, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
    Blomberg, Helena
    Department of Social Science and Humanities, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
    Sofi, Dana
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. Department of Social Science and Humanities, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
    Stier, Jonas
    Department of Social Science and Humanities, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
    Exploring claims in disinformation – The shared story of ‘the Swedish child welfare services’ kidnapping migrant children’2026In: Children and youth services review, ISSN 0190-7409, E-ISSN 1873-7765, Vol. 185, article id 108973Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the early 2020s, the Swedish child welfare services (CWS) were accused in social media of kidnapping and placing migrant children in foster or family care, without their families’ knowledge or permission. This debate became referred to as a large-scale disinformation campaign, which can be understood as a discursive struggle between different versions of truth. This study explores social media content about the Swedish CWS in Arabic between 2021 and 2023. The material consisted of Facebook and YouTube posts and comments in Arabic. The analysis departed from the narrative genre of shared stories, and focused on claims about the CWS and how such claims are made credible. The findings show three types of claims within the shared story of ‘the CWS kidnapping migrant children’: families are victims of CWS’ malpractice; affected children suffer; and migrant families fear the CWS. These claims are made legitimate and credible by constructing the teller as an expert using time, place, and details while constructing the testimonies to invoke an emotional response. In conclusion, this study highlights how social reality is constructed and negotiated on social media, where migrant families’ testimonies of wrongdoings and fear become intertwined with larger stories of good and bad, truth or falsehood. It is therefore essential that claims made online is treated as signals of perceived vulnerability and institutional distance, rather than as “falsehoods” to be corrected, while CWS’ procedures and legal thresholds are clearly conveyed.

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    Exploring claims in disinformation – The shared story of ‘the Swedish child welfare services’ kidnapping migrant children’
  • Sofi, Dana
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences. School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Malardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
    From symbolic inclusion to procedural democratization: public participation and civil society in the Kurdistan region2026In: Democratization, ISSN 1351-0347, E-ISSN 1743-890X, p. 1-24Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines the evolution of public participation in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq between 2016 and 2019, focusing on participatory reforms introduced under the Enhancing Democratization Program (EDP). Drawing on mixed methods–surveys, interviews, focus groups, and institutional documents – it analyses changes in access, trust, and perceived influence. The findings show that the EDP expanded visible participatory spaces and strengthened trust in civil society organizations and provincial councils, but had limited effects on confidence in government and parliament. Elite dominance, weak responsiveness, and selective inclusion constrained participants’ influence, leaving most forums consultative rather than transformative. Anchored in Arnstein’s distinction between symbolic and substantive participation, the article argues that procedural inclusion can widen participation without redistributing power. The Kurdistan case thus highlights a broader challenge of democratization in hybrid regimes: participation may expand in form while remaining limited in function.

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    From symbolic inclusion to procedural democratization: public participation and civil society in the Kurdistan region
  • Larsson, Anna-Karin L.
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Sindt, Linnéa
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Mer än ett husdjur: Barns relationer till djur och deras betydelse för välbefinnande2026Report (Other academic)
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    Mer än ett husdjur
  • Ewins, Kristin
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Svedmark, Eva
    Centre for Educational Development, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Hultgren, Anna
    Örebro University.
    Att leda högre utbildning: En kartläggning av ledarskap av utbildning i akademin2025Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Uppdraget att leda utbildning i akademin är centralt för högre utbildningskvalitet och utveckling, men får ofta begränsad uppmärksamhet. Den här rapporten bygger på en nationell kartläggning genomförd 2023–2024 inom Universitets- och högskolerådets högskolepedagogiska lyft. Målet har varit att förstå hur detta ledarskap formas, praktiseras och upplevs vid svenska lärosäten, och att bidra med kunskap som kan stärka dess strategiska och pedagogiska villkor.

    Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och omfattar 93 fokusgruppsintervjuer med 335 deltagare från 36 lärosäten samt en inledande och en uppföljande enkät. Intervjuerna genomfördes i rollhomogena grupper på olika ledningsnivåer, från rektorer till programansvariga.

    Vad som träder fram är bilden av ett ledarskap som inte bara kräver struktur och styrning, utan även omdöme, pedagogisk förståelse, vetenskaplig förankring och förmåga att skapa mening i komplexa sammanhang. Ledare beskriver hur de verkar i ett landskap där kollegialitet och linjestyrning möts och där uppdraget handlar mindre om att peka ut vägen än om att möjliggöra rörelse. Ledarskapet beskrivs som ett ansvar som bärs i samspel med andra snarare än utövas hierarkiskt.

    Samtidigt visar studien att förutsättningarna ofta brister. Många ledare verkar med oklara mandat, otydliga uppdrag och begränsad tillgång till stöd. Karriärvägar saknas och kompetensutvecklingen tenderar att handla mer om administration än om pedagogisk och strategisk ledning. Ansvar för utbildningens kvalitet förväntas tas, men erkänns sällan som akademiskt meriterande.

    Mot denna bakgrund lyfter rapporten fram behovet av ett akademiskt förhållningssätt till ledarskap. Såväl tidigare forskning som studiens resultat visar att ledarskap av utbildning i akademin innebär att ta ansvar för ett kunskapsområde som vilar på vetenskaplig kompetens: att tänka kritiskt, formulera relevanta frågor, pröva idéer och skapa förutsättningar för kollegialt lärande och utveckling. Det handlar också om att värna akademiska värden som integritet, nyfikenhet, eftertanke och bildning.

    Flera ledare vittnar om att det som verkligen gör skillnad inte är fler riktlinjer, utan levande samtal, gemensam tolkning och förankring i den akademiska kulturen. Därför behöver ledarskap av utbildning i akademin erkännas och stödjas som en kollektiv kunskapspraktik: det är inte ett sidouppdrag, utan en del av den akademiska kärnan.

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    Att leda högre utbildning: en kartläggning av ledarskap av utbildning i akademin
  • Jönsson, Jessica H.
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Baianstovu, Rúna ÍÖrebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.Fredriksson, MatildaÖrebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Den marginaliserade stadsmiljön och socialt arbete: Nationell konferens, Socialt arbete, Örebro Universitet, augusti 20242026Conference proceedings (editor) (Refereed)
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    Den marginaliserade stadsmiljön och socialt arbete
  • Engren, Jimmy
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Hansson, Lars
    Swedish Public Employment Service.
    Migration as a Prelude to Hegemony: An Integrated Comparison of Migration processes in the Early Modern Dutch State and the United States2026In: Journal of World-Systems Research, E-ISSN 1076-156X, Vol. 32, no 1, p. 98-119Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this article is to discuss the role of migration processes to changes in the world-system. We highlight the significanceof these processes and their impact through a comparative historical perspective. By using an approach based on an integrated comparison, two cases are compared: the rise of the early modern Dutch state to hegemony and the corresponding rise to hegemony bythe United States in the twentiethcentury. In presenting secondary sources on the two cases, we argue that neither expansion had been possible without a significant inflow of labor and skills carried by migrants. There seems to be a strong correlation between migration and changes in the world-system in general and the rise to hegemonic status in particular. By analyzing long-term processes like migration and its role in energizing and stimulating changes in the world-system, we argue, in line with the new economics of migration, that previous economic explanations to the rise of hegemony can be qualified. We also argue that the use of integrated comparison in the way we tentatively do in this paper can be fruitful in better understanding historical processes and their impact on power relations and economic relations in the world-system.

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    Migration as a Prelude to Hegemony: An Integrated Comparison of Migration Processes in the Early Modern Dutch State and the United States
  • Västhagen, Maja
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Giles, Clover Jack
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Hollander, Anna-Clara
    Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Ghaderi, Ata
    Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Leuven, Livia Van
    Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    Edenius, Anna
    Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Center for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County, Sweden.
    Enebrink, Pia
    Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
    The efficacy of parenting interventions for forced migrant families on child internalizing and externalizing symptoms, parental self-efficacy, and parental competence: A systematic review and meta-analysis2026In: Transcultural Psychiatry, ISSN 1363-4615, E-ISSN 1461-7471, Vol. 63, no 2, p. 143-168Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Forced migration has reached unprecedented levels worldwide. Involuntarily migration creates stressors for families that require systematic action at a societal level. Our premise is that parenting programmes have an untapped potential to enhance psychosocial health among parents and children. The aim of this study, therefore, was to review existing studies to evaluate the efficacy of preventive parenting programmes for parents who were refugees, asylum seekers or internally displaced. We included 20 publications from 3 electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid PsycINFO and Web of Science Core Collection): 16 on parenting interventions (13 original trials, N = 1191) and 4 on combined interventions (parents and youth, N = 1284). We compared a range of outcomes including child internalizing and externalizing symptoms, as well as parental competence (positive/negative parenting), self-efficacy, well-being and mental health/psychological distress. Between-group analyses indicated less externalizing behaviour (Hedge's g = 0.43, p < 0.05, k = 2) at post measurement for parents participating in the interventions, compared with those in the control conditions, as well as enhanced positive parenting strategies (g = 0.89, p < .01, k = 2), self-efficacy (g = 1.94, p < .001, k = 2) and parental psychological distress (g = 0.67, p < .05, k = 4). Within-group analyses of pre and post measurements supported that parents participating in the interventions reported improvements over time in all primary outcomes: parent-rated child internalizing and externalizing behaviours, negative and positive parenting, self-efficacy and the secondary outcome psychological distress. Analyses of combined studies suggested a small increase in positive parenting strategies (g = 0.17, p < .05, k = 2). Although our sample of reviewed studies was relatively small, and the study outcomes varied considerably, the results indicate that parenting programmes might be an underutilized resource to promote health among forcibly displaced families.

    Systematic review registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022330521).

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    The efficacy of parenting interventions for forced migrant families on child internalizing and externalizing symptoms, parental self-efficacy, and parental competence: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  • Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Avslutande diskussion: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 189-197Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I detta kapitel sammanfattas antologins samlade bidrag och placerar resultaten från forskningsprojektet om regional kollektivtrafik i ett bredare teoretiskt och policyrelevant sammanhang. Utgångspunkten är att införandet av kollektivtrafiklagen innebar en omfattande institutionell reform där ansvar och planeringsmandat för kollektivtrafiken omskalades från kommunal till regional nivå, genom etableringen av regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter (RKM). Kapitlet visar att reformen bör förstås i relation till bredare processer av regionalisering, europeisering och ökade krav på samordning kring hållbar utveckling. Med stöd i perspektiven omskalning och samverkan analyseras hur kollektivtrafikens styrning har förändrats i praktiken. Antologin visar att den regionala nivån stärkts strategiskt, särskilt i frågor kopplade till tillväxt, regionförstoring och klimatmål, medan genomförandet fortsatt är starkt beroende av kommunala insatser, inte minst inom fysisk planering, välfärdstjänster och tillgänglighet. Detta har skapat ett icke-hierarkiskt styrningslandskap i flera nivåer där samverkan framstår som en nödvändighet snarare än ett val, men också som en källa till fragmentering, otydligt ansvar och resurskrävande processer.

    Vidare identifieras en tydlig spänning mellan tillväxtpolitiska och välfärdspolitiska logiker i kollektivtrafikens planering. Regionförstoringsstrategier prioriteras ofta, medan social hållbarhet, landsbygdens villkor och rättvis tillgång till mobilitet i högre grad hanteras lokalt och sällan operationaliseras i regionala mål. Avslutningsvis diskuteras statistikens och indikatorernas roll i styrningen, där bristande datakvalitet och förenklade mätetal riskerar att osynliggöra kollektivtrafikens komplexa samhällsuppdrag. Kapitlet avslutas med policyrekommendationer som betonar behovet av bättre samordning, tydligare ansvarsför-delning och stärkt analytisk kapacitet snarare än nya organisatoriska reformer.

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    Avslutande diskussion: Tio år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter
  • Andersson, Ida
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Hermelin, Brita
    Linköpings universitet.
    Om samverkan i forskningen: erfarenheter från referensgruppsarbete2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 179-187Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta kapitel reflekterar över samverkan mellan forskning och praktik genom erfarenheter från arbetet med projektets referensgrupp. Samverkan har varit ett genomgående tema i antologin, både som empiriskt studieobjekt i relation till regional kollektivtrafik och som organisatorisk princip för forskningsprojektet genom att arbeta med en referensgrupp jämte forskningen. Kapitlet tar sin utgångspunkt i en iakttagelse av att referensgrupper är vanliga i samhällsorienterad forskning, men att det saknas mer utvecklade metodologiska resonemang kring deras funktion, värde och organisering. Med inspiration från teorier om transdisciplinär kunskapsproduktion diskuteras referensgruppen som en arena där forskningens analytiska och teoretiska perspektiv möter praktikens erfarenhetsbaserade kunskap. Kapitlet visar hur dialogen mellan forskare och praktiker bidragit till att utveckla systemkunskap, målkunskap och transformationskunskap i projektet, samtidigt som forskningens självständighet och ansvar enligt god forskningssed upprätthållits. Referensgruppen har fungerat som bollplank i frågor som rört forskningsdesign, val av fall, tolkning av resultat samt strategier för spridning och nyttiggörande av resultat.

    Genom att sammanfatta referensgruppsdeltagarnas egna reflektioner synliggör kapitlet hur deltagandet bidragit till kompetensutveckling, nya nätverk och fördjupade kunskaper. Samtidigt pekas organisatoriska faktorer ut som avgörande för referensgruppens värdeskapande, såsom tydlig struktur, regelbundenhet, förberedande material och respekt för deltagarnas tid. Kapitlets slutsats är att referensgruppsarbete med fördel kan förstås som en transdisciplinär kunskapsprocess, där formerna för samverkan är avgörande för forskningens relevans och samhälleliga genomslag. Därmed knyter kapitlet samman antologins tematik kring styrning, samverkan och kunskap och pekar fram mot behovet av mer reflekterade och systematiserade former för samproduktion av kunskap i forskning om komplexa samhällsutmaningar.

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    Om samverkan i forskningen: erfarenheter från referensgruppsarbete
  • Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Fler A-traktorer på grund av färre bussar? Om relationen mellan en växande mobilitetsform och planering för kollektivtrafik2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 161-178Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Det här kapitlet fokuserar på den snabba ökningen av A-traktorer i Sverige och problematiserar föreställningen om att denna utveckling är en konsekvens av försämrad kollektivtrafik. Genom en kombination av litteraturöversikt, statistisk analys och intervjuer med kommunala planerare undersöks hur A-traktorer relaterar till kollektivtrafikens planering, landsbygdens mobilitetsvillkor och ungas vardagliga förflyttningar. Kapitlet visar att A-traktorer i huvudsak är ett landsbygdsfenomen, både som mobilitetslösning och som kulturellt uttryck. Den statistiska analysen visar att ökningen av A-traktorer är starkt kopplad till kommuntyp och geografiska förutsättningar snarare än till förändringar i kollektivtrafikens utbud. Sambandet mellan minskad kollektivtrafik och ökat antal A-traktorer är genomgående svagt, vilket utmanar förenklade förklaringar som ofta förekommer i den offentliga debatten.

    Intervjuer ger en splittrad bild av sambandet mellan kollektivtrafik och A-traktorer. Medan vissa ser en indirekt koppling i specifika lokala sammanhang, betonar många att ökningen snarare drivs av faktorer som ungdomskultur, bilnormer, socioekonomiska förutsättningar och förändrade regelverk. A-traktorn framstår därmed inte enbart som ett substitut till kollektivtrafik, utan som ett socialt och identitetsskapande mobilitetsmedel som erbjuder frihet, flexibilitet och tillhörighet – dimensioner som kollektivtrafiken svårligen kan konkurrera med. Kapitlets övergripande slutsats är att A-traktorernas ökade utbredning bör förstås som ett uttryck för bredare strukturella skillnader mellan stad och land och för ungas mobilitetsvillkor i glesa geografier. För planering och policy innebär detta att A-traktorer behöver ses som en integrerad del av det rurala mobilitetssystemet, snarare än som ett marginellt fenomen eller en direkt följd av kollektivtrafikens utveckling.

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    Fler A-traktorer på grund av färre bussar? Om relationen mellan en växande mobilitetsform och planering för kollektivtrafik
  • Christopher, Olsson
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet.
    Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Mobilitet bortom staden: Utmaningar och möjligheter för landsbygdens kollektivtrafik2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 143-160Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I det här kapitlet diskuteras hur kollektivtrafiken på landsbygden i Sverige står inför en komplex utmaning: att kombinera transporteffektivitet och marknadsorienterade perspektiv med frågor kopplade till transporträttvisa, geografisk tillgänglighet och lokal utveckling. Som påtalats i tidigare kapitel var en av målsättningarna med den nya kollektivtrafiklagen att skapa en tydligare struktur för kollektivtrafikens planering och ansvar (se kapitel 2), men samtidigt har omskalningen av kollektivtrafikplaneringen skapat sprickor i planeringssystemet mellan kollektivtrafik och mobilitetsplanering i vidare bemärkelse. Dessa sprickor blir som mest påtagliga i landsbygdskommuner, där kommunala ansvar kopplade till lokal utveckling och välfärd stundtals hamnar i direkt kollisionskurs med RKM:s strävan efter transporteffektivitet och styrning mot starka stråk. Men i kapitlet visar vi även hur dessa utmaningar också skapar möjligheter att pröva nya innovativa lösningar för stärkt mobiliteten i glesa områden samt hur bil och kollektivtrafik integreras för att hitta nya lösningar för landsbygden. En övergripande slutsats är att framtidens landsbygdstrafik behöver ses som en del av välfärden snarare än enbart en transporttjänst, och att långsiktig samverkan mellan kommuner, regioner och stat är avgörande för att hela landet ska kunna leva.

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    Mobilitet bortom staden – utmaningar och möjligheter för landsbygdens kollektivtrafik
  • Billevik Gerdås, Joakim
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Ungas rörelser i den segregerade staden: Om vardagsmobilitet, gränser och gränsövergångar2026Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Residential segregation contributes to unequal living conditions and opportunities for youths. Research in this field often focuses on the effects in marginalized areas and therefore tends to overlook socioeconomically advantaged groups, as well as how people’s everyday mobility shapes these processes. This dissertation examines the relationship between youth mobility and segregation processes by exploring how young people’s positions in social and physical space are expressed through their everyday mobility in a segregated city.

    The theoretical framework deepens the understanding of place, segregation, and mobility, where Bourdieu’s theory of how capital and habitus influence an individual’s position in social space is complemented by Lefebvre’s ideas about physical space. The concept of embodied mobility is also developed, capturing the individual’s perception of themselves as a mobile or immobile subject.

    The sample consists of youths (age 15–16) from areas with different socioeconomic classifications. Three data collection methods were used: mental maps (99 participants), interactive maps (96), and interviews (10), which were analysed using different content analysis methods.

    The results show that areas that are socioeconomically similar to one’s own are most often included, while non-similar areas in this regard are excluded in the youths’ mental maps. The interactive maps and interviews show that the extent and patterns of mobility vary depending on the residential area and shape young people’s perceptions of themselves as mobile subjects. These differences are reinforced by gender and first language, including in perceptions of (un)safe places. Considering the study’s theoretical framework, segregation appears to operate as a social process in which differences in social space are translated into mobility in physical space. Boundary crossings, i.e. places where the mobility overlaps, have potential to challenge inequalities— something social work can contribute to through its responsibility for urban planning.

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    Ungas rörelser i den segregerade staden: Om vardagsmobilitet, gränser och gränsövergångar
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  • Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    KPI:er och dåliga data: Om behovet och svårigheterna med att mäta kollektivtrafikens utveckling2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 101-117Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta kapitel problematiserar statistikens och nyckeltalens (KPI:ers) roll i styrningen av svensk kollektivtrafik och visar hur bristfälliga och svårjämförbara data skapar betydande kunskaps- och styrningsutmaningar. Med utgångspunkt i intervjuer med företrädare för 18 regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter (RKM) samt en kritisk genomgång av vanligt förekommande indikatorer analyserar kapitlet hur mätbarhet både möjliggör och begränsar förståelsen av kollektivtrafikens utveckling. Kapitlet visar att variationer i den nationella statistiken i första hand bör förstås som ett systemproblem snarare än som uttryck för faktiska skillnader i trafikens omfattning eller kvalitet. Skillnader i organisatoriska lösningar, skatteväxling, ansvarsfördelning och tolkning av nationella anvisningar innebär att likartade indikatorer kan fyllas med olika innehåll i olika regioner. Följden blir att jämförelser mellan län och över tid ofta saknar metodologisk robusthet, trots att just sådana jämförelser ligger till grund för politisk uppföljning, benchmarking och strategiska beslut.

    Genom en fördjupad diskussion av sju vanligt använda KPI:er visar kapitlet hur komplexa mobilitetssystem reduceras till förenklade mått som tenderar att spegla geografi, demografi och organisatoriska val snarare än faktisk tillgänglighet, rättvisa eller samhällsnytta. Samtidigt framhålls att KPI:er inte är neutrala tekniska verktyg, utan uttryck för styrningslogiker, politiska prioriteringar och institutionella praktiker. Kapitlets sammantagna slutsats är att kollektivtrafikens styrning kräver ett mer robust, transparent och reflexivt indikatorsystem. Detta förutsätter både ökad nationell standardisering och en bredare förståelse av statistikens begränsningar, där kvantitativa mått kompletteras med kvalitativ och kontextuell kunskap för att bättre fånga kollektivtrafikens roll som samhällsbärande infrastruktur.

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    KPI:er och dåliga data: Om behovet och svårigheterna med att mäta kollektivtrafikens utveckling
  • Hermelin, Brita
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet.
    Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Organisering och strategiska överväganden2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Detta kapitel beskriver framväxten, organiseringen och strategiska överväganden för regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter (RKM) efter implementeringen av Kollektivtrafiklagen (SFS 2010:1065). Genom en kombination av dokumentstudier, intervjuer och jämförelser mellan 17 län belyser kapitlet hur lagstiftningens flexibilitet möjliggjort divergerande organisatoriska lösningar. Kapitlet visar att Kollektivtrafiklagen har resulterat i tre huvudsakliga organisationsmodeller: regionaliserade myndigheter, kommunalförbund samt hybridorganisering. Dessa modeller speglar hur inrättandet av RKM har påverkats av den successiva processen för regionbildningen i Sverige och även avstrukturella skillnader mellan täta och glesa geografier. Organiseringen av RKM diskuteras utifrån hur detta innebär en ”omskalning” av planeringsmandat men utan att relationen mellan den regionala nivån för RKM och kommunerna är formellt hierarkiskt.

    Kapitlets översikt över hur RKM:er resonerar kring strategiska överväganden omfattar tre teman. Det första handlar om hållbar utveckling, för vilket RKM tolkar sitt uppdrag utifrån ett flerdimensionellt hållbarhetsbegrepp, där ekologiska, sociala och ekonomiska målsättningar är ömsesidigt beroende och ibland kan stå i konflikt. Det andra temat handlar om kollektivtrafikens relation till transportsystemet i stort och som gör att ”hela-resan”-principen blir central. RKM betraktar kollektivtrafik som både komplement och konkurrent till andra transportslag. Det tredje temat för strategiska överväganden handlar om mellanregional samverkan och strategisk styrkapacitet. Kapitlet visar dock att mellanregional samverkan präglas av asymmetrier: mindre regioner är ofta mer beroende av samverkan än större stadsregioner, vilket påverkar maktbalansen och möjligheterna till gemensam styrning.

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    Regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter - Organisering och strategiska överväganden
  • Andersson, Ida
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Hermelin, Brita
    Linköpings universitet.
    Inledning: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter2026In: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndighter: - perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning / [ed] Ida Andersson, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 9-27Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Det här kapitlet introducerar en antologi baserad på ett forskningsprojekt om styrning och planering för allmän kollektivtrafik i Sverige efter införandet av den nya kollektivtrafiklagen, implementerad från 2012. Lagen innebar att 21 regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter (RKM) bildades och att ansvar för planering av den allmänna kollektivtrafiken flyttades från kommuner till regioner. Eftersom planering för allmän kollektivtrafik genom RKM är beroende av kommunernas planering inom sina ansvar för fysisk planering, skolskjuts och färdtjänst behöver RKM och kommuner samverka. Begreppet för omskalning och processer kring samverkan är centrala utgångspunkter för forskningen inom projektet. Omskalning, handlar om hur ansvar förflyttas mellan planeringsnivåer, och samverkan uppstår eftersom aktörer är beroende av varandra för att organisera för kollektivtrafik. RKM och kommuner är ömsesidigt beroende av varandra, framför allt genom:

    • Relation mellan allmän och särskild kollektivtrafik där samordning kan bidra till hållbarhet utifrån dess olika dimensioner

    • Relationer mellan kommunerna fysiska planering och RKM:ernas planering för kollektivtrafik.

    Antologin bygger på tre huvudmaterial: intervjuer med 18 RKM, strukturerade intervjuer med 49 kommunala planerare samt analyser av tre generationer regionala trafikförsörjningsprogram (2012–2024). Projektet studerar planering av kollektivtrafik i 18 landets 21 län; storstadslänen Stockholm, Västra Götaland och Skåne ingår inte.

    Antologins syfte är att samla och förklara forskningsprojektets resultat på svenska och riktar sig till praktiker och studenter med intresse i kollektivtrafik och samhällsplanering. Den består av tio kapitel som kan läsas både separat och som en helhet.

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    Inledning: 10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter
  • Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter: - perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning2026Collection (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur påverkades kollektivtrafiken i Sverige när de regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna (RKM) bildades? Denna övergripande fråga är utgångspunkten för denna antologi, som diskuterar effekterna av den nyakollektivtrafiklagen som trädde i kraft 2012. Antologin tar avstamp iett flerårigt forskningsprojekt och visar hur reformen har påverkat ansvarsfördelning, styrning och samverkan mellan regioner, kommuneroch statliga aktörer.

    Antologin visar att den regionala nivån har fått en tydligare strategiskroll, särskilt i kopplingen mellan kollektivtrafik, regionförstoring, arbetsmarknad och klimatmål. Samtidigt är genomförandet fortsatt beroende av kommunernas planering och genomförande av sitt välfärdsuppdrag. Resultatet är ett flernivåsystem där ingen aktör ensam styrutvecklingen och där samverkan är en praktisk nödvändighet.

    Flera kapitel lyfter fram spänningen mellan tillväxtmål och social hållbarhet, mellan starka pendlingsstråk och landsbygdens behov, samtmellan strategiska ambitioner och ekonomiska realiteter. Antologindiskuterar också hur statistik och indikatorer formar synen på kollektivtrafikens resultat, och vilka utmaningar som finns i dagens uppföljningssystem.

    Sammantaget ger boken en samlad bild av de möjligheter och utmaningar som präglar regional kollektivtrafik i dag. Den riktar sig tillpraktiker och beslutsfattare som vill förstå hur organisering, samverkanoch lokala förutsättningar påverkar kollektivtrafikens utveckling i ett föränderligt styrningslandskap.

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    10 år med regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter - Perspektiv på styrning, geografi och planering i ljuset av omskalning
  • Wengman, Johan
    et al.
    Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Forssman, Linda
    Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Factor structure of the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale – Third Edition and its association with structural quality in Swedish preschools2026In: European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, ISSN 1350-293X, E-ISSN 1752-1807, p. 1-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale, Third Edition (ECERS-3), is widely used to assess preschool quality. However, concerns remain about its scoring structure, usage in different cultural contexts, and associations with structural quality indicators. This study explored the factor structure of the ECERS-3 and its relationship with teacher education, child-to-adult ratio, group size, and preschool size in 71 Swedish municipal preschools. Confirmatory factor analysis showed poor fit for both the single-factor modeland the original six-subscale structure. Exploratory factor analysis identified a better-fitting four-factor structure: Learning & Play Environment, Interactions & Order, Gross Motor, and Care & Hygiene. We further investigated whether adopting this revised factor structure influenced relationships between ECERS-3 dimensions and structural quality indicators. Analyses of associations with structural quality indicators showed that smaller group sizes were linked to higher quality in Gross Motor activities. Among preschools with group sizes below 15 children, smaller groups were also associated with higher quality in Learning & Play Environment, Care & Hygiene, and overall ECERS-3 scores. Pedagogical and interactional dimensions showed limited or inconsistent relationships with structural variables. Future research should carefully consider how ECERS-3 scores are analyzed and be mindful of potential threshold effects when exploring associations with structural quality.

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    Factor structure of the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale – Third Edition and its association with structural quality in Swedish preschools
  • Hedström, Karin
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    The different roles of algorithms in research on governmental decision-making for citizen services2026In: Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, ISSN 1750-6166, E-ISSN 1750-6174, p. 1-20Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this paper is to explore the role of algorithms in research focusing on automated decision-making of citizen services. 

    Design/methodology/approach: A scoping review of literature published between 2016 and 2025 was conducted. Studies were analyzed to identify how automated decision-making is conceptualized, the terminology used, the roles algorithms are assigned and the contexts in which they operate. 

    Findings: The review reveals significant conceptual ambiguity in research on automated decision-making. Furthermore, automated decision-making systems are shown to operate within broader socio-technical networks encompassing people, organizational structures, technologies and formal rules. Current research offers fragmented understandings of automated decision-making, focusing largely on administrative efficiency rather than citizen experiences. 

    Practical implications: The findings point to an urgent need for policy frameworks, standardized guidelines and training that embed public values such as fairness, transparency and accountability. Policies should promote digital literacy and citizen empowerment to ensure engagement with automated decision-making and algorithmic systems in citizen services and public sector governance. 

    Originality/value: This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the complexity of automated decision-making, highlighting the context and institutional logic. Algorithms were found to play seven different roles supporting humans in automated decision-making processes. This, together with different degrees of automation in the decision-making process, challenges a more dualistic view of automated decision-making. 

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    The different roles of algorithms in research on governmental decision-making for citizen services
  • Bondar, Kateryna
    et al.
    Psychology Department, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.
    Shestopalova, Olena
    Psychology Department, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Ukraine.
    Barow, Thomas
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    The Situation of Children with Disabilities from the De-Occupied Territories of Southern Ukraine: Coping Strategies and Perspectives of Families Affected2026In: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research, ISSN 1501-7419, E-ISSN 1745-3011, Vol. 28, no 1, p. 130-145Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Children with disabilities in conflict settings face compounded risks of exclusion, trauma, and disrupted education. In the ongoing war in Ukraine, families from de-occupied territories confront displacement, loss of services, and the burden of invisible caregiving labour. This research examines the perspective of parents of children with disabilities on how to cope with the situation. Their specific needs are highlighted and serve as a basis for developing support measures. The research is theoretically grounded in group socialisation theory, trauma-informed psychology, and the concept of solastalgia. Methodologically, 35 semi-structured parent interviews were thematically analysed. Four themes emerged: loss of safety and the search for control, digital technologies as stabilising anchors, disrupted peer interaction, and the impact of parental trauma. Parents described extensive invisible labour to support children’s fragile attempts at friendship, emotional regulation, and belonging. They perceive inclusive schools as both protective and precarious. The study concluded that resilience depends on dual-focus interventions that combine inclusive peer environments for children with psychosocial support for caregivers. 

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    The Situation of Children with Disabilities from the De-Occupied Territories of Southern Ukraine: Coping Strategies and Perspectives of Families Affected
  • Rostami, Elham
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    Preparing Citizens for More Secure Online Practices2026Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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    Preparing Citizens for More Secure Online Practices
  • Denison, Nicholas
    et al.
    College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide SA, Australia.
    Gradisar, Michael
    WINK Sleep Pty Ltd., Adelaide SA, Australia; Sleep Cycle AB, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Paterson, Jessica
    College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide SA, Australia.
    Bauducco, Serena
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences. College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide SA, Australia.
    Waking up on the wrong side of the bed: sleep duration moderates the association between adolescent trait aggression and observed aggressive behaviour2026In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 17, article id 1705874Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Prior research suggests that insufficient sleep can increase aggressive behaviour in adolescents. However, few studies have employed controlled designs, but none have incorporated objective measures of aggression. Moreover, the potential moderating role of sleep in the relationship between trait aggression and aggressive behaviour remains unexplored. This study addressed these gaps by examining whether sleep duration and quality moderate the association between trait aggression and objectively measured aggressive behaviour in adolescents. We hypothesised that adolescents higher in trait aggression would be more sensitive to poor sleep.

    Method: Thirty-four adolescent female participants spent one night in the Flinders University Sleep and Psychology Lab. Sleep duration was assessed using a consumer-grade sleep-tracking wearable, and sleep quality was self-reported. The following morning, participants underwent a noxious aggression provocation paradigm, after which behavioural aggression was assessed using a modified Hot Sauce Paradigm, measured via the weight of allocated wasabi paste. Trait aggression was measured using the Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ).

    Results: Sleep duration significantly moderated the relationship between trait aggression and aggressive behaviour, with shorter sleep predicting greater aggression among participants higher in trait aggression (R2change = 0.11, p = 0.03). No such moderating effect was observed for self-reported sleep quality.

    Discussion: These findings suggest that adolescents high in trait aggression may be particularly susceptible to the behavioural consequences of shorter sleep. Ensuring adequate sleep could, therefore, be especially important for reducing aggression in this subgroup. This study extends prior research by demonstrating the moderating role of objectively measured sleep duration on aggression using a controlled design and a behavioural outcome measure, offering new insights for both theoretical models of aggression and the development of targeted, sleep-based interventions for at-risk youth.

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    Waking up on the wrong side of the bed: sleep duration moderates the association between adolescent trait aggression and observed aggressive behaviour
  • St John, Oliver
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Ålander, Jonas
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Att stärka samverkan mellan skola och vårdnadshavare: Slutrapport från ett ULF-projekt2026Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Rapporten undersöker hur skolors samarbete med vårdnadshavare kan utvecklas för att skapa bättre förutsättningar för elevers trygghet, lärande och måluppfyllelse. Utgångspunkten är skolans uppdrag enligt Lgr22, där skola och hem delar ett gemensamt ansvar för barnens utbildning, samt forskning som visar att vårdnadshavares engagemang har stor betydelse för elevers skolframgång. Samtidigt pekar tidigare studier på att relationen mellan skola och hem ofta präglas av misstro, bristperspektiv och ojämlika maktförhållanden.

    Studien bygger på ett praktiknära forskningsprojekt (ULF) vid två skolor i socioekonomiskt utsatta områden och fokuserar på två samverkansmodeller: "Familjestödjare" och "NÄT – nätverk för vårdnadshavare, skola och myndigheter". Syftet är att analysera hur dessa modeller används, vilka effekter de har och hur de kan vidareutvecklas. Datamaterialet består av enkäter, intervjuer, gruppsamtal och reflektionsprotokoll från lärare, skolledare och vårdnadshavare.

    Resultaten visar att modellerna bidrar till att bygga tillitsfulla relationer mellan skola och vårdnadshavare genom dialog, icke-dömande bemötande och ett tydligt föräldra-perspektiv. Rapporten gör en analytisk distinktion mellan "evidensbaserad tillit", som grundas i föräldrars prestationer och uppfyllda förväntningar, och "existentiell tillit", som utgår från en grundläggande tilltro till föräldrar som kompetenta, engagerade individer. Det är framför allt den senare som visat sig främja samverkan, föräldraengagemang och elevers närvaro och välbefinnande.

    Modellerna möjliggör även kompletterande stödinsatser – pedagogiska, föräldraskaps-relaterade och personliga – som lärare ofta saknar tid eller mandat att genomföra. Samtidigt identifieras spänningar kopplade till roller, ansvar och professionella gränser. Rapporten avslutas med förslag på vidareutveckling, bland annat behovet av gemensamma skolnormer, ett gemensamt språk för samverkan samt stärkt handledning och samspel mellan lärare, familjestödjare och vårdnadshavare.

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    Att stärka samverkan mellan skola och vårdnadshavare. Slutrapport
  • Berglez, Peter
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Olausson, Ulrika
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Ots, Mart
    Jönköping International Business School (JIBS), Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Sustainable Journalism Redux: What are the "cornerstone" media frames of a sustainable future?2026In: Nordicom Review, ISSN 1403-1108, E-ISSN 2001-5119, Vol. 47, no 1, p. 52-72Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of sustainable journalism can be used to analyse many different aspects of environment and society, while the downside is that it becomes too much of a floating signifier, in need of some terminological precision. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to theoretically elaborate sustainable journalism as a particular means of framing society, with a clear connection to sustainability literature. We argue that such frames could be operationalised based on a few core principles of sustainable development thinking, found in texts such as Brundtland’s report, Our Common Future: Report of the 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development, for the United Nations. Three prominent frames of sustainable journalism – namely the three-pillar, time reflexive, and cross-spatial frames – are empirically exemplified through their hybrid combination of generic and issue-specific aspects of sustainability. By means of framing theory, media theory, and journalism studies, our intention is to present them as tools for conducting empirical analyses of the ways media deploy a sustainability outlook in their reporting.

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    Sustainable journalism redux
  • Elander, Johanna
    et al.
    Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Värendh, Maria
    Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences. Örebro University Hospital. Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ehinger, Johannes K.
    Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Stenfeldt, Karin
    Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Widén, Stephen
    Örebro University, School of Health Sciences. Audiological Research Centre.
    Parental experience of whole genome sequencing for children with sensorineural hearing loss2026In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 2641802Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this in-depth interview study was to explore how parents of children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) experienced genetic testing and whether they experienced risks and benefits.

    Background: Most children with SNHL have a genetic etiology, which can be identified through genetic sequencing. A genetic test does not influence treatment, and whether patients and parents perceived genetic tests as valuable is unclear.

    Methods: In this study, 10 parents of children with SNHL who underwent genetic testing were interviewed, and the content was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

    Results: Three global themes were identified. In the first theme, (1) Limited knowledge creates uncertainty, parents described uncertainty related to the information provided, the test result itself and child-related factors. The second theme, (2) Genetic knowledge is considered important for the family and the future, explored the importance of knowledge. Parents wanted an explanation to make the future predictable, and the test had practical implications. In the last category, (3) Knowledge adds complexity and can be challenging, ethical considerations and risks associated with knowledge were highlighted.

    Conclusion: The main conclusion was that parents experienced that genetic testing provided valuable personal information and had practical implications. However, a genetic diagnosis can cause concern and may affect family planning.

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    Parental experience of whole genome sequencing for children with sensorineural hearing loss
  • Andersson, Ida
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Rescaling, collaborative governance and the emergence of penumbral planning spaces in Nordic public transport2026In: Mobility and transport planning challenges in the Nordic context: Essays from a Nordic Symposium / [ed] Robert Hrelja; Christina Lindkvist, Malmö: Malmö University , 2026, p. 6-10Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Nordic countries are often portrayed as frontrunners in sustainable development, combining high environmental ambitions with strong welfare systems and relatively high levels of public transport use. Yet transport remains a persistent and complex challenge. Emissions from the transport sector continue to be substantial, car dependency is deeply embedded in everyday mobility practices, and questions of accessibility, affordability and social justice have gained increasing attention. Addressing these challenges requires not only technological innovation and behavioral change, but also institutional arrangements capable of coordinating transport and land-use planning across scales and sectors.

    In this context, collaborative governance has become a central feature of contemporary transport planning. In particular, the rescaling of planning responsibilities from local to regional levels has intensified the need for coordination between actors operating within different territorial and institutional logics. This essay reflects on the Swedish case of rescaled public transport planning and situates it within broader Nordic and European debates on soft and hard governance, multilevel planning and sustainable mobility transitions. It argues that rescaling has contributed to the emergence of penumbral planning spaces: hybrid governance arrangements that are neither fully formalized nor entirely informal but instead occupy an ambiguous middle ground between hard and soft spaces.

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    Rescaling, collaborative governance and the emergence of penumbral planning spaces in Nordic public transport
  • Glombik, Dominik
    Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences.
    Penile cancer: Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this thesis is to optimise the clinical management and prognostic evaluation of penile cancer (PeCa) by investigating its long-term consequences and treatment-related morbidity, as well as by evaluating current surgical strategies and novel biomarker-based approaches for accurate lymph node staging.

    In Paper I, nationwide register data demonstrated that patients with PeCa face a two- to threefold increased risk of developing second HPV-associated malignancies in the oral cavity, oropharynx, and anal canal, highlighting the need for improved surveillance and preventive measures. In Paper II, population-based analyses demonstrated that morbidity following lymph node dissection remains substantial overtime, with significantly elevated risks of infectious complications persisting for more than five years and thromboembolic events for up to three years postoperatively, underscoring the importance of long-term complication awareness. In Paper III, an evaluation of a panel of 14 soluble immune checkpoint proteins (sICs) for predicting lymphnode metastases (LNM) revealed limited clinical utility due to low sensitivity and modest accuracy. However, four inhibitory sICs (IDO,TIM-3, CD80, and CTLA-4) were significantly elevated in patients with PeCa compared to cancer-free controls, suggesting tumour-induced systemic immunosuppression. In Paper IV, dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) was shown to effectively detect LNM while maintaining favourable morbidity, although a false-negative rate of 14.5% was observed during a median follow-up of 34 months. Complications, predominantly mild to moderate, occurred in 14.8% of groins and were directly associated with higher lymph node yields, emphasizing the critical importance of precise and targeted excision of true sentinel nodes.

    List of papers
    1. Risk of second HPV-associated cancers in men with penile cancer
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Risk of second HPV-associated cancers in men with penile cancer
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    2021 (English)In: Acta Oncologica, ISSN 0284-186X, E-ISSN 1651-226X, Vol. 60, no 5, p. 667-671Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the risk of HPV-associated oral cavity, oropharyngeal or anal cancer in men with penile cancer to test the hypothesis of an increased risk to develop a second HPV-associated cancer later in life.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a population-based register study including all men in Sweden diagnosed with penile cancer between 2000 and 2012. For each patient, six men without penile cancer were matched based on age and county of residence. Data were retrieved from Swedish cancer and population registers, to assess the risk of oral cavity, oropharyngeal or anal cancer in patients with penile cancer. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Risks in men with penile cancer were also compared with the background Swedish male population by use of standardized incidence ratios.

    RESULTS: In total, 1634 men with and 9804 without penile cancer were included in the study. Among men with penile cancer, four men were subsequently diagnosed with oral cavity cancer, one with oropharyngeal cancer and one with anal cancer. Corresponding numbers among the penile cancer-free men were ten, two and three, respectively. There was evidence of an increased risks of all three cancers under study with an HR of 2.84 (95% CI 0.89-9.06) for oral cavity cancer, 3.66 (95% CI 0.33-40.39) for oropharyngeal cancer and 2.34 (95% CI 0.24-22.47) for anal cancer. When comparing the incidence of these malignancies between penile cancer patients and the background population, the patterns of association were similar.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that men with penile cancer are at an increased risk of a second HPV-associated cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx and anal canal. Considering that our study was based on small numbers reflecting the rarity of these cancers, larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Informa Healthcare, 2021
    Keywords
    HPV, Penile cancer, Sweden, register, secondary cancer
    National Category
    Cancer and Oncology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-91441 (URN)10.1080/0284186X.2021.1885056 (DOI)000642515600016 ()33882791 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85104846035 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2021-04-26 Created: 2021-04-26 Last updated: 2026-05-21Bibliographically approved
    2. Penile cancer: long-term infectious and thromboembolic complications following lymph node dissection - a population-based study (Sweden)
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Penile cancer: long-term infectious and thromboembolic complications following lymph node dissection - a population-based study (Sweden)
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    2023 (English)In: Acta Oncologica, ISSN 0284-186X, E-ISSN 1651-226X, Vol. 62, no 5, p. 458-464Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To assess the long-term risks of infectious and thromboembolic events following inguinal (ILND) and pelvic (PLND) lymph node dissection in men with penile cancer.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 364 men subjected to ILND with or without PLND for penile cancer between 2000 and 2012 were identified in the Swedish National Penile Cancer Register. Each patient was matched based on age and county of residence with six penile cancer-free men. The Swedish Cancer Register and other population-based registers were used to retrieve information on treatment and hospitalisation for selected infectious and thromboembolic events. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models with multiple imputation.

    RESULTS: The risk of infectious events remained increased for more than five years postoperatively in men with penile cancer compared with matched controls. The palpable nodal disease was the only predictor of these events, with risk increasing with the cN stage. The HR at one, three and five years and six months postoperatively was 8.60 (95% CI 5.16-14.34), 4.02 (95% CI 2.65-6.09) and 1.93 (95% CI 1.11-3.38), respectively. An increased risk of thromboembolic events persisted for three years postoperatively. The HR at one and three years postoperatively was 13.51 (95% CI 6.53-27.93) and 2.12 (95% CI 1.07-4.20). The results correspond well with the over-prescription of anticoagulants observed during this period. An association with bulky disease (cN3) was observed.

    CONCLUSIONS: Lymph node dissection for penile cancer is associated with an increased risk of infectious and thromboembolic events. The findings of this population-based study show that the risks of these events remain increased more than five years for infectious and three years for thromboembolic events. Improved awareness of long-term complications following ILND is of importance both among patients and care givers to ensure early detection and treatment.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Taylor & Francis, 2023
    Keywords
    Penile cancer, Sweden, complication, inguinal lymph node dissection, register
    National Category
    Clinical Medicine Cancer and Oncology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-105785 (URN)10.1080/0284186X.2023.2206524 (DOI)000979203200001 ()37130005 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85158854563 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2023-05-03 Created: 2023-05-03 Last updated: 2026-05-21Bibliographically approved
    3. Soluble immune checkpoint proteins as predictive biomarkers for lymph node metastases in penile cancer
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Soluble immune checkpoint proteins as predictive biomarkers for lymph node metastases in penile cancer
    2026 (English)In: Frontiers in Immunology, E-ISSN 1664-3224, Vol. 17, article id 1754254Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Penile cancer (PeCa) is a rare but aggressive disease where lymph node metastases (LNM) represent the most significant prognostic factor. Accurate identification of LNM remains a clinical priority, but traditional imaging and clinical parameters often fail to detect occult LNM. Soluble immune checkpoint proteins (sICs) have recently emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers in various malignancies, although unexplored in PeCa. The primary aim of this study was to explore the value of a panel of 14 sICs for predicting LNM in PeCa. The secondary aim was to compare plasma sIC levels between PeCa patients and cancer-free controls.

    METHODS: Using ProcartaPlex immunoassays, BTLA, IDO, LAG-3, HVEM, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TIM-3, CD80, CTLA-4, GITR, CD27, CD28, and CD137 were measured in plasma from 284 PeCa patients and 45 cancer-free controls. PeCa patients were divided into a training set (n=202) and a test set (n=82). A prediction model for LNM was created using logistic regression.

    RESULTS: Overall accuracy of the prediction model reached 77.5% (95% CI: 70.9 - 83.3) for the training set, yielding 8.9% sensitivity and 99.3% specificity in predicting LNM. Upon validation using the test set, the accuracy decreased to 62.2% (95% CI: 50.8-72.7) with 17.9% sensitivity and 85.2% specificity. When comparing PeCa patients and cancer-free controls, four inhibitory sICs (IDO, TIM-3, CD80, and CTLA-4) were found at significantly higher levels in the PeCa group. Due to the rarity of the disease, the main limitation of the study is the small number of patients with LNM.

    CONCLUSION: Our study provides no evidence that sICs can predict LNM in PeCa, although four inhibitory sICs were significantly elevated in PeCa patients compared to cancer-free controls, suggesting systemic immunosuppression associated with tumor presence, consistent with findings in other malignancies. Studies with larger cohorts are warranted to clarify the prognostic significance of sICs in PeCa.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Frontiers Media S.A., 2026
    Keywords
    ProcartaPlex immunoassays, liquid biopsy, penile cancer, prediction model, soluble immune checkpoint proteins
    National Category
    Cancer and Oncology
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-127483 (URN)10.3389/fimmu.2026.1754254 (DOI)001690712700001 ()41705256 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Insamlingsstiftelsen Lions Cancerforskningsfond Mellansverige Uppsala-ÖrebroRegion Örebro County
    Available from: 2026-02-20 Created: 2026-02-20 Last updated: 2026-05-21Bibliographically approved
    4. Dynamic sentinel node biopsy in penile cancer: Sensitivity and complication rate in a tertiary national referral centre
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dynamic sentinel node biopsy in penile cancer: Sensitivity and complication rate in a tertiary national referral centre
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Surgery
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128967 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-05-21 Created: 2026-05-21 Last updated: 2026-06-04Bibliographically approved
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  • Rajhathy, Erin
    Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.
    Wound Cleansing in Chronic Wound Management: Evidence, Measurement, and Clinical Practice2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Wound cleansing is widely regarded as a foundational component of chronic wound management; however, the empirical evidence supporting commonly recommended cleansing techniques remains limited. Much of the guidance informing current practice is derived from acute wound models, laboratory studies, and expert consensus rather than from comparative studies conducted in chronic wound populations.

    The aim of this thesis was to examine the evidence base for wound cleansing practices in chronic wounds and to investigate nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to wound cleansing.

    The thesis comprises four studies. Study I systematically reviewed evidence comparing irrigation and swabbing techniques in chronic wounds. Study II developed and psychometrically evaluated a questionnaire measuring nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to wound cleansing. Study III applied the instrument in an international cross-sectional survey. Study IV conducted confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the internal structure of the attitudes subscale.

    The review identified extremely limited chronic wound-specific evidence for commonly recommended cleansing techniques. The developed instrument demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. Survey findings showed variation in clinician knowledge and practice, with higher knowledge associated with formal wound care education. Confirmatory analysis supported the multidimensional structure of nurses’ attitudes.

    These findings highlight the need for stronger empirical evidence and structured education to support evidence-informed cleansing practices.

    List of papers
    1. Wound irrigation versus swabbing technique for cleansing noninfected chronic wounds: A systematic review of differences in bleeding, pain, infection, exudate, and necrotic tissue
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Wound irrigation versus swabbing technique for cleansing noninfected chronic wounds: A systematic review of differences in bleeding, pain, infection, exudate, and necrotic tissue
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    2023 (English)In: Journal of tissue viability, ISSN 0965-206X, Vol. 32, no 1, p. 136-143Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To systematically summarize and review the existing literature to determine the difference between wound cleansing techniques, irrigation and swabbing, in relation to bleeding, pain, infection, necrotic tissue and exudate in non-infected chronic wounds including pressure injuries, venous and arterial leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers.

    METHODS: A systematic search of the electronic databases Ovid Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and EMBASE was performed to identify all relevant literature in English. The search also included systematic reviews as a method to obtain additional potential citations by manually searching the reference lists. Included studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

    RESULTS: One study met eligibility criteria. Two hundred fifty six patients with wounds healing via secondary intention (n = 256) were included. Wound cleansing via swabbing technique was associated with increased perception of pain and increased rates of infection when compared to the irrigation group (93.4% versus 84.2% p = 0.02 and 5.2% versus 3.3% p = 0.44, respectively). Only a small proportion of this sample met the inclusion criteria, so the results are not considered externally valid.

    CONCLUSION: Wound cleansing remains a controversial topic. Despite calls for further research, there continues to remain a large gap in evidence to guide practice. Irrigation continues to replace swabbing in the management of chronic wounds, although evidence of improved outcomes is virtually nonexistent. Although the one study identified was of sound methodological quality, chronic wounds accounted for only a small percentage of the sample. Therefore, results are not generalizable to those with chronic wounds. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of basic wound cleansing techniques before considering more costly products.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2023
    Keywords
    Bleeding, Chronic wound, Cleansing, Exudate, Infection, Necrotic tissue, Pain
    National Category
    Surgery
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-102532 (URN)10.1016/j.jtv.2022.11.002 (DOI)000950431000001 ()36462962 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85143122489 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2022-12-05 Created: 2022-12-05 Last updated: 2026-05-20Bibliographically approved
    2. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses towards wound cleansing: design and evaluation of measurement properties of a questionnaire
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses towards wound cleansing: design and evaluation of measurement properties of a questionnaire
    2026 (English)In: Journal of tissue viability, ISSN 0965-206X, Vol. 35, no 1, article id 100967Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Wound cleansing is a fundamental component of chronic wound management; yet, high-quality evidence to guide practice is limited. Understanding nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is essential, but no instrument with published evidence of acceptable measurement properties exists.

    OBJECTIVE: To develop a KAP questionnaire on wound cleansing for community nurses and evaluate its measurement properties.

    METHODS: A multi-phase study was conducted, including literature/consensus item generation; a two-round international Delphi process; pilot cognitive interviews; and field testing in Canada. Knowledge was assessed for item and construct validity; attitude for internal consistency (Cronbach's α); and all KAP items for stability using test-retest reliability.

    RESULTS: 26 experts supported content relevance; feedback led to targeted revisions. Field testing involved 130 nurses (83.1 % homecare; >80 % with ≥5 years of wound care experience). Several knowledge items were too easy (≥.90); none negatively discriminated. Exploratory principal components analysis of attitudes yielded three components (63 % of variance); internal consistency ranged from α = 0.41 to α = 0.76. In the subsample (n = 30), knowledge κ values ranged from slight/fair to substantial; some items showed ceiling effects (uniform responses, κ undefined). Attitude and practice item-level intraclass correlation coefficients varied (.07-.95), with several ≥.75 and others <.60. Known-groups comparison supported higher knowledge among formally educated nurses.

    CONCLUSION: Evidence supports content validity and a clarified attitudes structure; internal consistency and stability were acceptable for some elements but below the threshold for others. Future refinement and confirmatory testing are warranted.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2026
    Keywords
    Attitudes, Home care, Knowledge, Nursing, Practices, Wound cleansing
    National Category
    Nursing Dermatology and Venereal Diseases
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-125155 (URN)10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100967 (DOI)001628456700001 ()41274134 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105022109093 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2025-11-24 Created: 2025-11-24 Last updated: 2026-05-20Bibliographically approved
    3. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Health Care Professionals Towards Chronic Wound Cleansing: International Cross-Sectional Survey
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Health Care Professionals Towards Chronic Wound Cleansing: International Cross-Sectional Survey
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Other Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128956 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-05-20 Created: 2026-05-20 Last updated: 2026-05-20Bibliographically approved
    4. Confirmatory Evaluation of the International Structure of the Wound Cleansing KAP Attitudes Subscale
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Confirmatory Evaluation of the International Structure of the Wound Cleansing KAP Attitudes Subscale
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Other Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128960 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-05-20 Created: 2026-05-20 Last updated: 2026-05-20Bibliographically approved
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  • Axelsson Svedell, Lena
    Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.
    Physical exercise as add-on treatment for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: feasibility, effects and experiences: The START intervention2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by inattention and hyperactivity that impair everyday functioning. While pharmacotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment, clinical guidelines recommend a multimodal approach. However, evidence for physical exercise as an adjunctive treatment option remains scarce. Consequently, there is a large unmet need for the development and evaluation of non-pharmacological treatment options. START is a novel intervention for adults with ADHD that consists of a structured physical exercise programme. The overall aim of this thesis is to evaluate the START intervention as a treatment for adults with ADHD using an interdisciplinary approach. By integrating quantitative assessments of feasibility and clinical outcomes with qualitative analyses of lived experience, the thesis aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the intervention’s feasibility, relevance and impact. The thesis is based on four papers. Paper I is a randomised pilot study evaluating the feasibility and tolerability of the START intervention; it shows that the intervention was feasible and indicated beneficial trends. Papers II and III are based on a randomised controlled trial of 63 participants. Paper II investigates the effects of the START intervention on core ADHD symptoms, sleep problems and quality of life; its results demonstrate moderate to large effects on all assessed outcomes. Paper III evaluates the effect of START on body awareness and movement quality; the findings show that body awareness was improved by the intervention. Paper IV is a qualitative study exploring participant experiences with the START intervention; its findings reveal multifaceted meanings of exercise and an increased sense of agency through participation. In conclusion, the findings of this thesis suggest that physical exercise in a health care context is a potent treatment option for adults with ADHD.

    List of papers
    1. Feasibility and tolerability of moderate intensity regular physical exercise as treatment for core symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomized pilot study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Feasibility and tolerability of moderate intensity regular physical exercise as treatment for core symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomized pilot study
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    2023 (English)In: Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, E-ISSN 2624-9367, Vol. 5, article id 1133256Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with sedentary lifestyle, low quality of life and low physical fitness. Studies in children with ADHD have shown that regular physical exercise can help reduce core ADHD symptoms, but evidence for this is lacking in adults. Although guidelines recommend multi-modal treatment, central stimulants (CS) remain the mainstay of treatment. CS are effective in the short-term, but their long-term efficacy remains to be established. There is thus huge unmet need for developing non-pharmacological treatment options, and for well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

    OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to test the feasibility and tolerability of structured moderate-intensity 12-week physical exercise program for adults with ADHD, as a prelude to an adequately powered RCT which includes long-term follow-up.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen adults with ADHD were recruited, 9 randomized to an intervention group and 5 to a control group. The intervention group received physiotherapist-led 50-minute mixed exercise program, three times a week for 12 weeks, and the control group treatment as usual. Participants were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks using clinical and physical evaluations, self-rating questionnaires, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) together with paradigms that tested attention, impulsivity and emotion regulation.

    RESULTS: Three participants (21%) dropped out shortly after inclusion before receiving any intervention, while roughly 80% completed the intervention according to protocol. One participant from the intervention group participated in less than 60% of treatment sessions, and one who had done baseline fMRI was unwilling to do post-intervention imaging. Four participants in the intervention group (67%) reported increased stress in prioritizing the intervention due to time-management difficulties. Overall, consistent trends were observed that indicated the feasibility and potential benefits of the intervention on core ADHD symptoms, quality of life, body awareness, sleep and cognitive functioning.

    CONCLUSION: Physiotherapist-led twelve-week regular physical exercise is a feasible and potentially beneficial intervention for adults with ADHD. There was a 20% drop-out initially and 67% of those who completed the intervention reported stress with time management difficulties due to participation. A third arm was thus added to the planned RCT where cognitive intervention administered by an occupational therapist will be given together with physical exercise. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05049239.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Frontiers Media S.A., 2023
    Keywords
    ADHD, cognition, emotion regulation, hyperactivity, impulsivity, physical exercise, randomized controlled trial
    National Category
    Psychiatry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-106118 (URN)10.3389/fspor.2023.1133256 (DOI)000996081900001 ()37255729 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85161012600 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Region Örebro County
    Note

    Funding Agency:

    ALF

    Available from: 2023-06-01 Created: 2023-06-01 Last updated: 2026-06-04Bibliographically approved
    2. Physical exercise as add-on treatment in adults with ADHD - the START study: a randomized controlled trial
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Physical exercise as add-on treatment in adults with ADHD - the START study: a randomized controlled trial
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    2025 (English)In: Frontiers in Psychiatry, E-ISSN 1664-0640, Vol. 16, article id 1690216Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Adult ADHD is associated with various health challenges and reduced quality of life. Current guidelines recommend multimodal treatment, and physical exercise has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological alternative, although evidence from randomized controlled trials remains limited. In this randomized controlled trial, we aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of physical exercise as an add-on treatment for adults with ADHD compared to treatment as usual. The trial included adults with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of ADHD was conducted at one Psychiatric clinic in Sweden. Participants were randomly assigned (2:1, no stratification) using an electronic case-report platform, to either physical exercise (the protocolized 12-week intervention START) or treatment as usual (local community care). Primary outcome was the ASRS-v1.1 Symptom checklist at 12 weeks after inclusion. The analysis followed a modified intention-to-treat principle, excluding participants who provided no data beyond baseline. Of the 63 participants enrolled, 43 were randomly assigned to START physical exercise intervention and 20 to treatment as usual. After accounting for withdrawals (n = 11) and loss to follow up (n = 11), the primary analysis included data from 41 participants (30 assigned to START intervention and 11 to treatment as usual). The START intervention resulted in improved ADHD symptoms after 12 weeks, as measured by ASRS-v1.1. Symptom improvement differed significantly between groups (mean difference -6.98, 95% CI: -12.30 to -1.65; p = 0.012) with an effect size of 0.93 favoring the intervention group. No serious adverse events were reported. The results suggest that physical exercise may be a feasible, safe and clinically meaningful complement to standard care for adults with ADHD. However, the findings should be interpreted in the light of potential confounders and methodological limitations. This trial is registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov. Date of registration: 2021-05-14.

    CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05049239, identifier NCT05049239.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Frontiers Media S.A., 2025
    Keywords
    insomnia, intervention, non-pharmacological, physiotherapy, quality of life
    National Category
    Psychiatry
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-125070 (URN)10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1690216 (DOI)001613618400001 ()41244864 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105021876914 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Nyckelfonden, OLL-973050Fredrik och Ingrid Thurings Stiftelse, 2024-124
    Note

    Financial support for this study was provided by grants from the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the county councils, the ALF-agreement (grant numbers OLL-960152, OLL-973102, OLL-999593), the Research Committee in RÖL (grant numbers OLL-938748, OLL-942156, OLL-970524, OLL-1014091), Nyckelfonden Research Foundation (grant number OLL-973050), and Fredrik and Ingrid Thurings Foundation (grant number 2024-124), Sweden.

    Available from: 2025-11-18 Created: 2025-11-18 Last updated: 2026-07-02Bibliographically approved
    3. Physical exercise and body awareness/movement quality in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Results from the START randomized controlled trial
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Physical exercise and body awareness/movement quality in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Results from the START randomized controlled trial
    2026 (English)In: Complementary Therapies in Medicine, ISSN 0965-2299, E-ISSN 1873-6963, Vol. 98, article id 103372Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience difficulties regulating emotions and balancing activity and rest. Impairments such as motor skills challenges and reduced body awareness, including interpretation of sensory signals and attitudes toward the body, often receive little clinical attention despite their potential negative impact on daily functioning and health. The START intervention is a 12-week structured exercise program that combines regular physical exercise with mindful attention to the body during movement. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the START intervention on body awareness and movement quality in adults with ADHD.

    METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 63 adults with ADHD were assessed for body awareness and movement quality before and after a 12-week intervention or treatment-as-usual control period using the Body Awareness Scale - Movement Quality and Experience.

    RESULTS: Thirty-nine participants completed the study (26 intervention/13 control). Participants in the intervention group showed significantly greater improvement in body awareness compared to the control group, both in total score and in subscales for muscular tension and physical activity. Movement quality improved significantly within the intervention group, although no significant between-group differences were observed.

    CONCLUSIONS: Structured physical exercise with mindful attention to the body enhanced body awareness in adults with ADHD compared to standard care. Effects on movement quality were not statistically different between groups and therefore remain uncertain. These findings suggest that such exercise may be a useful complement to conventional treatments and may support a healthier relationship with the body.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2026
    Keywords
    Exercise, Mental health, Physical activity, Physiotherapy
    National Category
    Psychiatry Physiotherapy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128216 (URN)10.1016/j.ctim.2026.103372 (DOI)001733007800001 ()41903823 (PubMedID)
    Funder
    Region Örebro CountyNyckelfondenFredrik och Ingrid Thurings Stiftelse
    Available from: 2026-04-01 Created: 2026-04-01 Last updated: 2026-06-04Bibliographically approved
    4. ‘The mind goes quiet’: A reflexive thematic analysis of a healthcare intervention with physical exercise for adults with ADHD
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>‘The mind goes quiet’: A reflexive thematic analysis of a healthcare intervention with physical exercise for adults with ADHD
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Other Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128951 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-05-20 Created: 2026-05-20 Last updated: 2026-06-04Bibliographically approved
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  • Callerstig, Anne-Charlott
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Larsson, Anna-Karin L.
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Sandström, Lina
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    En boll och en fyrkant: När civilsamhällets rörlighet möter kommunal struktur i samverkan för en hållbar integration av barn och familjerFöljeforskning av Rädda Barnens projekt Barn i fokus2026Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna rapport redovisar resultat från följeforskningen av Rädda Barnens projekt Barn i fokus (2022–2025), som genomförts i samverkan med nio kommuner runt om i Sverige. Målen i Barn i fokus har varit att stärka nyanlända barns välbefinnande, delaktighet och etablering genom 1) ökad lokal samverkan och systematik, 2) tillgång till meningsfull fritid samt 3) kompletterande föräldrastöd.Följeforskningens syfte har varit att fördjupa kunskapen om hur samverkan mellan civilsamhälle och kommun kan bidra till en mer hållbar och inkluderande integration av nyanlända barn och deras familjer.

    I rapporten analyseras vilka resultat och mervärden som skapas genom samverkan, vilka organisatoriska och strukturella förutsättningar som påverkar dess genomförande, samt hur barnrättsperspektivet förstås och omsätts i praktiken i samverkansarbetet.Genom en interaktiv forskningsansats baserad på intervjuer, fallstudier, och gemensamma analysseminarier med projektets aktörer, belyser följeforskningen både samverkanseffekter och de faktorer som möjliggör eller försvårar att samverkan etableras som en långsiktig och hållbar process.

    Mervärdet med samverkan

    Resultaten visar att samverkan mellan kommunerna och Rädda Barnen skapar flera former av mervärden: 

    • Funktionellt mervärde, genom mer ändamålsenliga, samordnade och flexibla insatser som når målgruppen snabbare och mer träffsäkert.
    • Altruistiskt mervärde, där Rädda Barnens värdegrund och långsiktiga engagemang bidrar till stärkta värderingar såsom demokrati och barnrättigheter och ger ökad legitimitet och gemensam riktning i arbetet.
    • Emotionellt mervärde, genom relationellt arbete som stärker tillit, trygghet och barns och föräldrars upplevelse av att bli sedda och bekräftade.
    • Socialt mervärde, i form av stärkt delaktighet, nya nätverk och sammanhållning i lokalsamhället.

    De mervärden som skapas bygger på att civilsamhällesorganisationer som Rädda Barnen kan verka i rollen som verksamhetsförbättrare, värdebärare, tillitsskapare och samhällsbyggare, och därigenom komplettera kommunens uppdrag och strukturer. Samtidigt visar resultaten att mervärdena inte är givna, de formas genom ett komplext samspel mellan aktörer med olika logiker, mandat och arbetssätt. Resultaten visar att det är olikheterna mellan aktörerna, det som av deltagarna i projektet beskrivits som mötet mellan ”en boll och en fyrkant”, som skapar förutsättningar för mervärde. Civilsamhällets flexibilitet, relationsskapande arbetssätt och värdegrund kompletterar kommunernas ansvar för likvärdighet, rättssäkerhet, stabilitet och långsiktiga strukturer. Kommunerna bidrar med egna, centrala mervärden som inte kan ersättas av civilsamhället, utan som först i kombination med civilsamhällets särdrag ger full effekt. Denna ömsesidiga komplettering blir ett tydligt incitament för att fortsätta utveckla samverkan eftersom ingen av aktörerna ensam kan uppnå de resultat som tillsammans blir möjliga.

    Förutsättningar och utmaningar för en hållbar samverkan

    Studien visar att förändringar i migrations- och integrationspolitiken, såsom minskat mottagande, förändrad politik och ökade välfärdsnedskärningar, skapar en mer komplex kontext för lokalt arbete. I detta läge blir civilsamhällets roll både viktigare och mer sårbar, samtidigt som behovet av långsiktigt förankrade samverkansstrukturer ökar. Kontexten är viktig för att förstå förutsättningarna i kommunerna. Utöver den nationella kontexten skiljer sig förutsättningarna åt i kommunerna. Ett tydligt resultat är att samverkansmottaglighet och samverkanskapacitet varierar mellan kommunerna. Detta påverkar vilka mervärden som kan realiseras i praktiken vilket är viktigt att beakta. I detta sammanhang visar forskningen vikten av personer som har förtroende i båda systemen och kan översätta perspektiv, skapa relationer och knyta samman kommunens strukturer med civilsamhällets relationsbaserade arbete. Dessa individer som benämns gränsgångare, fungerade ofta som katalysatorer för både tillit och handlingskraft, men deras centrala roll visar också hur sårbar samverkan blir när den vilar mycket på personer snarare än strukturer. En utmaning som tycks genomgående för både kommuner och Rädda Barnen är projektformen och kortsiktiga finansieringsstrukturer liksom organisatoriska stuprör, personalomsättning och begränsad tid för koordinering. Det finns även flera återkommande dilemman som uppkommer i den praktiska samverkansprocessen, exempelvis mellan likvärdighet och behovsanpassning i relation till målgruppen eller mellan att skapa nytt och bygga vidare på befintliga strukturer i utvecklingsarbetet. Dessa spänningar är inte problem som kan lösas, utan viktiga utgångspunkter för lärande som uppstår när olika logiker, ansvar och arbetssätt möts. När dilemman hanteras gemensamt blir de en drivkraft för utveckling och mer hållbar samverkan.

    Barnrättsperspektivet

    Resultaten visar att barnrättsperspektivet utgör ett viktigt utvecklingsområde i det lokala mottagandet av nyanlända barn. Samverkan med Rädda Barnen har bidragit till ökad medvetenhet, kompetens och ett starkare fokus på barns delaktighet, men implementeringen är fortfarande ojämn och ibland personberoende. Kunskapen om barns rättigheter varierar bland både civila aktörer och i kommuner, och då barnrättsperspektivet är svagt integrerat i ordinarie strukturer och arbetssätt, finns utvecklingsbehov för att barn ska kunna ses full ut som självständiga rättighetsbärare. Resultaten pekar på ett fortsatt behov av systematik, tydliga ansvarsfördelningar och långsiktig organisatorisk förankring för att barnrättsperspektivet ska få genomslag i praktiken. I en tid då funktionella mervärden ofta är de som betonas som nyttan av samverkan med civilsamhället, visar följeforskningen hur Rädda Barnen bidragit med andra former av mervärden och hur dessa är centrala för att stärka arbetet med en systematisk och effektiv barnrättsintegrering inom offentlig verksamhet. Dessa mervärden, tillsammans med de mer vanligt diskuterade och uppmärksammade funktionella mervärdena, kan skapa synergieffekter viktiga för att barnrättsperspektivet ska få långsiktigt fäste inom organisationer och bland invånare i lokalsamhällen.

    Modell och rekommendationer för lokal samverkan

    Rapporten avslutas med en modell för lokal samverkan och ett antal rekommendationer som syftar till att stödja kommuner och civilsamhällsaktörer i att utforma, strukturera och systematiskt följa upp samverkan både mer allmänt och särskilt i förhållande till nyanlända barn och deras familjer. Sammantaget visar följeforskningen att när samverkan bygger på tydliga mandat, gemensamma mål och ömsesidig tillit kan barns rättigheter få ökat få större genomslag i praktiken, mottagandets insatser kan bli mer samordnade och hållbara, och lokala mottagningsstrukturer stärks. Samtidigt understryker resultaten att detta kräver långsiktiga organisatoriska strukturer som sträcker sig bortom projektlogik, samt en tydlig ansvarskedja där barnets bästa utgör en utgångspunkt för gemensam planering, genomförande och uppföljning.

    Download full text (pdf)
    En boll och en fyrkant
  • Sandelin, Lisa
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Petersén, Anna Charlotta
    Örebro University, School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences.
    Consent in child welfare investigation reports of suspected child abuse2026In: British Journal of Social Work, ISSN 0045-3102, E-ISSN 1468-263X, article id bcag016Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Consent is a core principle in social work, reflecting respect for individual autonomy. In child welfare services (CWS), however, obtaining consent becomes complex when parents must act on behalf of their children, particularly when concerns of abuse are present. This study examines the dynamics of consenting to voluntary interventions in CWS investigation reports of suspected child abuse. Analysing 118 cases from eleven Swedish municipalities, we assess whether consent met the requirement for validity. Drawing on Lukes’s three-dimensional view of power, we highlight the power dynamics shaping consent. Findings show that consent is often influenced by both parents and CWS, while children rarely have a voice. Consent was frequently partial, uninformed, or involuntary, and sometimes failed to address the needs of those identified as requiring support. In many cases, parents did not consent to recommended interventions, indicating that coercion was not widespread. The study highlights the complex interplay of power in child welfare consent processes and underscores the need for CWS to balance respect for parental autonomy with the duty to safeguard children’s rights. Transparent strategies for obtaining, assessing, and documenting consent are essential to ensure ethical practice and uphold children’s well-being.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Consent in child welfare investigation reports of suspected child abuse
  • Wilnerzon Thörn, Rose-Marie
    Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.
    Immediate mobilization after electivecolorectal surgery within Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathways: Effects and perspectives2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Mobilization for up to 2 hours on the surgery day followed by 6 hours daily is advised in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathways for colorectal surgery, but this recommendation is often not met. Immediate mobilization (i.e. within 30 minutes of post-anesthesia care unit arrival) is considered safe, but its benefits and how patients and professionals view it remain unclear. This thesis is based on four studies using patients from the same cohort. Study I was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 144 patients assigned to immediate or standard ward mobilization. The primary outcome was physical activity measured as daily steps on postoperative days 1–3. Immediate mobilization did not improve physical activity compared to standard care, and no improvements were seen in any other physical or clinical outcomes. Study II was a qualitative interview study including patients (n=41) and healthcare professionals (n=5). Patients found immediate mobilization challenging but important and relied on support from staff. Professionals viewed it as a balance, stressing the need for resources and physiotherapist involvement. Study III was a secondary analysis of the RCT data in patients ≥65 years (frail n=32, non-frail n=64). Immediate mobilization appeared to help preserve functional ability in patients with mild frailty. Study IV included 107 patients who completed the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Score 2.0 questionnaire assessing functioning and participation before surgery, at 1 month, and by phone at 3, 6, and 12 months. Patients had more disability at 1 month but improved by 3 months after surgery. Older frail patients required up to 12 months to recover. In summary, immediate mobilization is safe but challenging after colorectal surgery with limited benefit; most patients recovered within 3 months, though frail elderly patients may need longer time.

    List of papers
    1. Immediate mobilization in post-anesthesia care unit does not increase overall postoperative physical activity after elective colorectal surgery: A randomized, double-blinded controlled trial within an enhanced recovery protocol
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Immediate mobilization in post-anesthesia care unit does not increase overall postoperative physical activity after elective colorectal surgery: A randomized, double-blinded controlled trial within an enhanced recovery protocol
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    2024 (English)In: World Journal of Surgery, ISSN 0364-2313, E-ISSN 1432-2323, Vol. 48, no 4, p. 956-966Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The level of post-operative mobilization according to Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines is not always achieved. We investigated whether immediate mobilization increases postoperative physical activity. The objective was to evaluate the effects of immediate postoperative mobilization in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) compared to standard care.

    METHODS: This randomized controlled trial, involved 144 patients, age ≥18 years, undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Patients were randomized to mobilization starting 30 min after arrival in the PACU, or to standard care. Standard care consisted of mobilization a few hours later at the ward according to ERAS guidelines. The primary outcome was physical activity, in terms of number of steps, measured with an accelerometer during postoperative days (PODs) 1-3. Secondary outcomes were physical capacity, functional mobility, time to readiness for discharge, complications, compliance with the ERAS protocol, and physical activity 1 month after surgery.

    RESULTS: With the intention-to-treat analysis of 144 participants (median age 71, 58% female) 47% underwent laparoscopic-or robotic-assisted surgery. No differences in physical activity during hospital stay were found between the participants in the intervention group compared to the standard care group (adjusted mean ratio 0.97 on POD 1 [95% CI, 0.75-1.27], p = 0.84; 0.89 on POD 2 [95% CI, 0.68-1.16], p = 0.39, and 0.90 on POD 3 [95% CI, 0.69-1.17], p = 0.44); no differences were found in any of the other outcome measures.

    CONCLUSIONS: Addition of the intervention of immediate mobilization to standard care did not make the patients more physically active during their hospital stay.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NTC 03357497.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Springer, 2024
    Keywords
    colorectal surgery, early mobilization, enhanced recovery after surgery, randomized clinical trial
    National Category
    Surgery
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-111664 (URN)10.1002/wjs.12102 (DOI)001160584400001 ()38348901 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85190162709 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Region Örebro County
    Note

    This study was supported by grants from the Research Committee of Örebro County Council and Örebro University Hospital Research Foundation, Sweden.

    Available from: 2024-02-21 Created: 2024-02-21 Last updated: 2026-05-06Bibliographically approved
    2. Immediate Mobilisation After Elective Colorectal Surgery-Patients' and Healthcare Professionals' Experiences: A Qualitative Study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Immediate Mobilisation After Elective Colorectal Surgery-Patients' and Healthcare Professionals' Experiences: A Qualitative Study
    2025 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 39, no 3, article id e70072Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Early mobilisation is advocated after colorectal surgery. Mobilising patients 30 min after arrival to the post-anaesthesia care unit has been shown to be feasible; however, before implementation in clinical care, the experiences of patients and healthcare professionals must be investigated. Thus, this study aims to explore patients' and healthcare professionals' experiences of immediate mobilisation.

    METHODS: A total of 41 patients from the intervention group of a randomised control trial investigating the effects of immediate mobilisation were included and interviewed individually between October 2017 and June 2019. Five healthcare professionals working with the intervention were also interviewed individually during fall 2018 to spring 2019. The data analyses of the two samples were conducted separately, using inductive qualitative content analysis.

    RESULTS: Three themes were identified from the patients' interviews: 'The body cannot keep up', describing challenges, such as burdensome symptoms, reluctance and fear that mobilisation could be harmful; 'Being in good hands', referring to receiving individual support from healthcare professionals when being mobilised and thus feeling safe; and 'A first step towards recovery', describing patients' readiness for immediate mobilisation with fewer postoperative symptoms, while recognising the benefits and feeling satisfied. An overarching theme was identified from the healthcare professionals' interviews - 'Balancing gains and challenges', which describes likely benefits to patients but also notes that mobilisation immediately after surgery is resource intensive. The professionals described their initial concerns about patients' wellbeing and safety and the adapted facilities needed for immediate mobilisation to be smooth.

    CONCLUSION: Immediate mobilisation after elective colorectal surgery was found to be both beneficial and challenging by patients and healthcare professionals; it requires skilled staff, sufficient resources, adapted facilities, and clear mobilisation procedures and efforts tailored to the patients' individual abilities.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Blackwell Publishing, 2025
    Keywords
    colorectal surgery, enhanced recovery after surgery, immediate mobilisation, postoperative care, qualitative study
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-122275 (URN)10.1111/scs.70072 (DOI)001586333800030 ()40589285 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105009801487 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Region Örebro County, OLL979950Region Örebro County, OLL866631Region Örebro County, OLL990081
    Available from: 2025-07-03 Created: 2025-07-03 Last updated: 2026-05-15Bibliographically approved
    3. Frailty and immediate mobilization in elderly 1 patients after elective colorectal surgery: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial within an enhanced recovery pathway
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Frailty and immediate mobilization in elderly 1 patients after elective colorectal surgery: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial within an enhanced recovery pathway
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Surgery
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128685 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-05-06 Created: 2026-05-06 Last updated: 2026-05-15Bibliographically approved
    4. Patient-reported disability before and after elective colorectal surgery: 1-year follow-up
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Patient-reported disability before and after elective colorectal surgery: 1-year follow-up
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Surgery
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128686 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-05-06 Created: 2026-05-06 Last updated: 2026-05-15Bibliographically approved
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  • Lidskog, Rolf
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Sundqvist, Göran
    Institutionen för sociologi och arbetsvetenskap, Göteborgs universitet.
    Konstruktivistisk miljösociologi i tider av klimatnödläge: En replik på Johan Söderbergs kunskapsrealistiska tes: [Constructivist environmental sociology in times of climate emergency: A rejoinder to Johan Soderberg's epistemological realist thesis]2026In: Sociologisk forskning, ISSN 0038-0342, E-ISSN 2002-066X, Vol. 63, no 1, p. 33-47Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article is a reply to Johan Söderberg’s critique of constructivist environmental sociology. Lidskog and Sundqvist challenge his claim that the climate emergency requires social scientists to refrain from conducting sociological analyses of climate science, on the grounds that such analyses could be exploited by climate denialists. They argue that Söderberg bases his reasoning on simplified dichotomies—such as the choice between taking scientific knowledge for granted or problematizing it—and that he incorrectly attributes positions to them that they do not hold. The authors defend STS-inspired research that legitimizes critical examination of expertise, not to undermine climate science but to understand how knowledge is produced, organized, and used politically. By analyzing, for example, the IPCC, they show that climate expertise is already politically embedded and therefore requires sociological study. They call for a clearer justification of Söderberg’s own knowledge realism and open the possibility of collaboration between research on expertise and research on climate denial, rather than keeping these strands separate.

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    Konstruktivistisk miljösociologi i tider av klimatnödläge
  • Andersson, Jonas
    Örebro University, School of Medical Sciences.
    Emergency department flow: patterns, predictors and patient outcomes2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Emergency departments (EDs) must balance timely care, safety, and resource utilization. Emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) is widely used as a proxy for ED performance, yet it primarily reflects elapsed time whose clinical meaningfulness depends on patient case-mix and context. Aim: The overall aim was to develop a deeper understanding of patient flow in Swedish EDs, with particular focus on process determinants of EDLOS and on patient groups at greatest risk of poor outcomes. Methods: Four studies were undertaken. Study I was a concept analysis of “long EDLOS”. Study II was a retrospective observational study of 222,047 ED visits from two hospitals, estimating the impact of input-, throughput and output factors on EDLOS. Study III examined high‑frequency ED users (HEDU) at a university hospital (121,403 visits), assessing prevalence, costs, and process outcomes. Study IV linked national registries across 5,049,641 ED visits from 15 sites (2015–2023) to analyse associations between EDLOS and adverse outcomes. Results: Long EDLOS is often used as a proxy for other phenomena. Throughput processes were the dominant factors impacting EDLOS. HEDU comprised 6.1% of patients but accounted for 22.4% of visits and a disproportionate share of costs. In Study IV, absolute EDLOS displayed a non‑linear association with mortality, with elevated risk at very short stays. Patients with non‑specific complaints were vulnerable to extended EDLOS. Conclusions: EDLOS is a useful metric, but when dichotomized, blunt and imprecise. Patient flow in the ED is not necessarily a reflection of levels of crowding and access block. Deviations from the expected EDLOS — whether longer or shorter — better predict adverse out-comes than absolute duration, highlighting the need for contextualised patient-centred performance metrics.

    List of papers
    1. Long emergency department length of stay: A concept analysis
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Long emergency department length of stay: A concept analysis
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    2020 (English)In: International Emergency Nursing, ISSN 1755-599X, E-ISSN 1878-013X, Vol. 53, article id 100930Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Emergency Department (ED) Length of stay (LOS) has been associated with poor patient outcomes, which has led to the implementation of time targets designed to keep EDLOS below a specific limit. The cut-offs defining long EDLOS varies across settings and seem to be arbitrarily chosen. This study aimed to clarify the meaning of long EDLOS.

    Methods: A concept analysis using the Walker and Avant approach was conducted. It included a literature search aiming to identify all uses of the concept, resulting in a set of defining attributes and a way of measuring the concept empirically.

    Results: Long EDLOS was primarily used as proxy for other phenomena, e.g. boarding or crowding. The definitions had cut-offs ranging between 4 and 48 h. The attributes defining long EDLOS was waiting, a crowded ED environment and an inefficient organization.

    Discussion: Time targets are probably more suitable when directed towards and tailored for specific sub-groups of the ED population.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2020
    Keywords
    Emergency department, Length of stay, Concept analysis, Emergency nursing, Performance measurement
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88678 (URN)10.1016/j.ienj.2020.100930 (DOI)000596592000001 ()33035877 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85092141430 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2021-01-20 Created: 2021-01-20 Last updated: 2026-04-13Bibliographically approved
    2. Length of stay in the emergency department and its associated input-, throughput-, and output factors at two hospitals in Sweden
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Length of stay in the emergency department and its associated input-, throughput-, and output factors at two hospitals in Sweden
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    2025 (English)In: BMC Emergency Medicine, E-ISSN 1471-227X, Vol. 25, no 1, article id 120Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Prolonged emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) is a worldwide issue associated with increased mortality, decreased patient satisfaction and poor quality of care. The factors influencing EDLOS have not been comprehensively studied in the context of Swedish EDs. This study's objective is to determine the input-, throughput- and output factors associated with EDLOS, at two urban EDs in Sweden.

    Methods: Data was collected from two hospitals. All patient visits during the two-year study period were included. Patients who left without being seen by a physician were excluded. The explanatory factors included patient characteristics, medical data, and hospital bed occupancy data. Multi-variable linear regression analysis was used to test the associations between the factors and EDLOS.

    Results: The top contributors to prolonged EDLOS were diagnostic imaging, which added between 64 and 149 min of EDLOS, diagnostic testing at central laboratory (53-99 min), followed by intra-ED zone transfer (46-94 min). Arriving during crowding or being admitted during high hospital bed occupancy had a significant but relatively small absolute effect on the outcome.

    Conclusions: Throughput factors had far greater impact on EDLOS than both input- and output factors. Adapting strategies to the structural and procedural characteristics of each setting may enhance the effectiveness of improvement efforts.

    Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    BioMed Central (BMC), 2025
    Keywords
    Emergency department, Length of stay, Explanatory factors, Patient flow
    National Category
    Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-122567 (URN)10.1186/s12873-025-01283-z (DOI)001529047900001 ()40660100 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105010617461 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Örebro University
    Available from: 2025-07-30 Created: 2025-07-30 Last updated: 2026-04-13Bibliographically approved
    3. An observational pilot study: Prevalence and cost of high frequency emergency department users at Örebro University Hospital, Sweden
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>An observational pilot study: Prevalence and cost of high frequency emergency department users at Örebro University Hospital, Sweden
    2022 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, no 9, article id e0274622Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: There is little research on high frequency emergency department users (HEDU) in Sweden. We aim to determine the prevalence and costs of HEDU compared to non-HEDU at Örebro University Hospital (ÖUH). Additionally, we will determine the factors and outcomes associated with being a HEDU.

    METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational cohort study of ED patients presenting to ÖUH, Sweden between 2018-19. Analyses used electronic registry, ambulance, and cost data. The definition for HEDU was ≥4 visits/year. HEDUs were categorized further into Repeat, High and Super HEDU with 4-7, 8-18 and ≥19 visits/year, respectively. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine the adjusted odds ratios for factors and outcomes between HEDU and non-HEDU.

    FINDINGS: Of all ÖUH ED patients, 6.1% were HEDU and accounted for 22.4% of ED visits and associated costs. Compared to the mean cost of non-HEDU, the Repeat, High and Super HEDU were more costly by factors of 4, 8 and 27, respectively. The HEDUs were more likely to be male, self-referred, present with abdominal pain, arrive by ambulance, at night and from the Örebro municipal region. Super HEDU were more likely to be of adult age and assigned lower acuity scores. HEDU were more likely to be directed to the surgical zone, less likely to receive radiologic imaging or achieve a 4-hr time target. In contrast to the Repeat and High HEDU, Super HEDU were less likely to be admitted, but more likely to leave without being seen.

    CONCLUSION: ÖUH has a HEDU population with associated factors and outcomes. They account for a substantial proportion of ED costs compared to non-HEDU.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2022
    National Category
    Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-101418 (URN)10.1371/journal.pone.0274622 (DOI)000892087100092 ()36107928 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85137925501 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2022-09-23 Created: 2022-09-23 Last updated: 2026-04-22Bibliographically approved
    4. Emergency department length of stay and adverse outcomes before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic: associations tested using register linkage
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Emergency department length of stay and adverse outcomes before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic: associations tested using register linkage
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    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Surgery
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128367 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-04-13 Created: 2026-04-13 Last updated: 2026-04-13Bibliographically approved
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  • Engberg, Erik
    Örebro University, Örebro University School of Business.
    The Impact of AI on the Labour Market: Essays on Transformative Technology, Occupations, and Firms2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The topic of this thesis is the economics of transformative technology, with the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the labour market as the primary focus.

    Analysing German data, Essay I shows that occupational AI exposure was associated with wage gains, and an increased focus on knowledge-intensive tasks. There is a clear contrast between the types of work that are exposed to AI, versus robotics.

    Essay II finds that AI exposure is associated with AI adoption and increased labour demand, as measured by job vacancy postings, in Swedish establishments/workplaces.

    Essay III develops a novel measure of occupational AI exposure, called Dynamic AI Occupational Exposure (DAIOE). AI exposure is shown to be associated with upskilling at the firm level in Sweden, Denmark, and Portugal.

    Essay IV analyses the labour market implications of the growing social and verbal capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Analysis of occupational data from O*NET and job ads provides a map of the most important types of social work tasks. Among social tasks, verbal communication tasks have the strongest association with occupational exposure to LLMs.

    Essay V is about the impact of venture capital (VC) on start-up firms. Investment from both private and governmental VCs is found to increase sales with a 2-3 year delay, driven primarily by efficiency gains, and to some extent, capital investment. Governmental VCs are more likely to make follow-on investments in non-growing firms.

    List of papers
    1. Artificial intelligence, tasks, skills, and wages: Worker-level evidence from Germany
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Artificial intelligence, tasks, skills, and wages: Worker-level evidence from Germany
    2025 (English)In: Research Policy, ISSN 0048-7333, E-ISSN 1873-7625, Vol. 54, no 8, article id 105285Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    This paper examines how new technologies are linked to changes in the content of work and individual wages. As a first step, it documents novel facts on task and skill changes within occupations over the past two decades in Germany. We furthermore reveal a distinct relationship between ex-ante occupational work content and ex-post exposure to artificial intelligence (AI) and automation (robots). Workers in occupations with high AI exposure perform different activities and face different skill requirements compared to workers in occupations exposed to robots, suggesting that robots and AI are substitutes for different activities and skills. We also document that changes in the task and skill content of occupations is related to ex-ante exposure to technologies. Finally, the study uses individual labour market biographies to investigate the relationship between AI and wages. By exploring the dynamic influence of AI exposure on individuals over time, the study uncovers positive associations with wages, with nuanced variations across occupational groups, thereby shedding further light on the substitutability and augmentability of AI.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2025
    Keywords
    Artificial intelligence technologies, Task content, Skills, Wages
    National Category
    Business Administration
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-122591 (URN)10.1016/j.respol.2025.105285 (DOI)001529928500001 ()2-s2.0-105009940194 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    The Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation, P19-0234
    Note

    Lodefalk and Engberg acknowledge financial support from Ratio, Lodefalk from the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius (grant P19-0234) and Torsten Söderberg Foundations (grant E46/21) , and Koch and Schroeder from the Carlsberg Foundation, Denmark.

    Available from: 2025-08-01 Created: 2025-08-01 Last updated: 2026-03-20Bibliographically approved
    2. Artificial intelligence, hiring and employment: job postings evidence from Sweden
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Artificial intelligence, hiring and employment: job postings evidence from Sweden
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    2025 (English)In: Applied Economics Letters, ISSN 1350-4851, E-ISSN 1466-4291Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on hiring and employment, using the universe of job postings published by the Swedish Public Employment Service from 2014 to 2022 and full-population administrative data for Sweden. We exploit a detailed measure of AI exposure according to occupational content and find that establishments exposed to AI are more likely to hire AI workers. Survey data further indicate that AI exposure aligns with greater use of AI services. Importantly, rather than displacing non-AI workers, AI exposure is positively associated with increased hiring for both AI and non-AI roles. In the absence of substantial productivity gains that might account for this increase, we interpret the positive link between AI exposure and non-AI hiring as evidence that establishments are using AI to augment existing roles and expand task capabilities, rather than to replace non-AI workers.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Routledge, 2025
    Keywords
    Artificial intelligence, technological change, automation, labour demand
    National Category
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-121046 (URN)10.1080/13504851.2025.2497431 (DOI)001482815400001 ()2-s2.0-105004803183 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    The Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation, P19-0234Torsten Söderbergs stiftelse, E46/21; ET3/23
    Note

    Funding: Lodefalk, Engberg, Hellsten, and Sabolová acknowledge support from Ratio Institute. Lodefalk also received funding from the Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation [P19-0234] and the Torsten Söderberg Foundation [E46/21, ET3/23]. Sabolová received support from the Jean Monnet Network and Erasmus+. Schroeder from the Carlsberg Foundation.

    Available from: 2025-05-15 Created: 2025-05-15 Last updated: 2026-03-20Bibliographically approved
    3. AI Unboxed and Jobs: A Novel Measure and Firm-Level Evidence from Three Countries
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>AI Unboxed and Jobs: A Novel Measure and Firm-Level Evidence from Three Countries
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    2024 (English)Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We unbox developments in artificial intelligence (AI) to estimate how exposure to these developments affect firm-level labour demand, using detailed register data from Denmark, Portugal and Sweden over two decades. Based on data on AI capabilities and occupational work content, we develop and validate a time-variant measure for occupational exposure to AI across subdomains of AI, such as language modelling. According to the model, white collar occupations are most exposed to AI, and especially white collar work that entails relatively little social interaction. We illustrate its usefulness by applying it to near-universal data on firms and individuals from Sweden, Denmark, and Portugal, and estimating firm labour demand regressions. We find a positive (negative) association between AI exposure and labour demand for high-skilled white (blue) collar work. Overall, there is an up-skilling effect, with the share of white-collar to blue collar workers increasing with AI exposure. Exposure to AI within the subdomains of image and language are positively (negatively) linked to demand for high-skilled white collar (blue collar) work, whereas other AI-areas are heterogeneously linked to groups of workers.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Bonn: IZA Institute of Labor Economics, 2024. p. 43
    Series
    IZA Discussion Paper Series, E-ISSN 2365-9793 ; 16717
    Keywords
    artificial intelligence, labour demand, multi-country firm-level evidence
    National Category
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128059 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-03-20 Created: 2026-03-20 Last updated: 2026-03-20Bibliographically approved
    4. Social computers? LLMs and the Social Dimensions of Work
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Social computers? LLMs and the Social Dimensions of Work
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128058 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-03-20 Created: 2026-03-20 Last updated: 2026-03-20Bibliographically approved
    5. Direct and indirect effects of private‑ and government‑sponsored venture capital
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Direct and indirect effects of private‑ and government‑sponsored venture capital
    2021 (English)In: Empirical Economics, ISSN 0377-7332, E-ISSN 1435-8921, no 60, p. 701-735Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Starting from the discourse on the impact of private and governmental venture capital investments, we examine the effects of different types of venture capital on firms’ sales, employment and investment. Our results show that both private and governmental venture capital investments boost firm sales with a delay of 2–3 years. The results suggest that VC impacts sales primarily through efficiency gains and to some extent, investments in physical capital investments, whereas no employment effects can be traced. Finally, we find indications of governmental VC investors being more prone to make follow-up investments in stagnating, non-growing firms than private investors.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Springer, 2021
    Keywords
    Venture capital, Start-ups, Firm growth, Investments, Governmental venture capital
    National Category
    Economics
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88504 (URN)10.1007/s00181-019-01770-w (DOI)000619443500007 ()2-s2.0-85073826183 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2021-01-15 Created: 2021-01-15 Last updated: 2026-03-20Bibliographically approved
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    The Impact of AI on the Labour Market: Essays on Transformative Technology, Occupations, and Firms
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  • Piepenburg, Sebastian
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Politiska förväntningar på utbildningsforskning: Ideologi, tillit och legitimitet i styrningen av svensk skola 1930–20252026Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This dissertation examines how political expectations of educational research have been formulated, transformed, and institutionalised in Swedish education policy from the 1930s to 2025. It analyses the political functions these expectations have served in the governance and legitimation of schooling and situates them in relation to broader processes of modernity.

    The study is based on a historical document analysis of Swedish parliamentary and research policy materials, including government inquiries, bills, committee reports, and other policy documents concerning the organisation, funding, and use of educational research. These documents are analysed as institutional arenas in which political expectations are articulated, negotiated, and stabilised over time.

    The dissertation combines perspectives from educational ideology, modernity theory, and the sociology of expectations. The analysis shows that educational research has become an increasingly central political resource under conditions of uncertainty, reform pressure, and changing modes of governance. Over time, expectations have shifted from portraying research as a general modernising resource to emphasising applicability, comparability, and evidence. Rather than diminishing under uncertainty, political reliance on educational research has repeatedly been reformulated and reinforced. Educational research has thus become a central resource in the governance and legitimation of Swedish schooling.

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    Politiska förväntningar på utbildningsforskning: Ideologi, tillit och legitimitet i styrningen av svensk skola 1930–2025
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  • Koskinen, Jeanette
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Reframing Language Teaching in ECEC Through Academic Languaging2026Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis investigates academic language teaching in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings, with a particular focus on multilingual children’s academic language development. Academic language is more complex and abstract than everyday language, and recent research emphasizes the need to foster children’s academic language skills in early education. The study contributes insights into teachers’ perspectives on language teaching and how language teaching that aims to develop children’s academic language can be orga-nized and carried out.

    The thesis advocates a shift from traditional, implicit stimulation to intentional academic language teaching to better support multilingual children. The study’s combination of theories of language, multi-lingualism, and teaching offers a foundation for explicit academic language teaching.

    A mixed-methods approach was used, in which two interconnected studies were undertaken. A survey study identified four teacher profiles, demonstrating differences in teaching strategies, multilingual awareness, organizational conditions, and perceptions of being a linguistic role model. A practice-based study developed an empirically grounded, theoretically informed teaching model. Seven teachers tested and refined, in two iterations, the six-step model Academic Languaging.

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    Reframing Language Teaching in ECEC Through Academic Languaging
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  • Drozdzewski, Danielle
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Webster, Natasha A.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Osborne, Tess
    University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
    Conradson, David
    University of Canterbury, Canterbury, UK.
    A Research Agenda for Emotional Geographies2026Book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This forward-looking book examines emotional geographies as both a subdiscipline and a practice. Written collaboratively, the authors demonstrate the diverse ways in which emotions influence research, knowledge and everyday life, inviting readers to recognise emotions as a fundamental component of human understanding, actions and relationships.

    Chapters highlight how the study of emotional geography provides crucial insights into pillars of daily life, such as power, work, care and social change. Drawing on feminist and embodied traditions, the book combines conceptual reflection, methodological innovation and lived experience to outline the impact of emotional geography on key challenges such as political unrest, the climate crisis, migration and technological change. Tracing the evolution of the field, the authors emphasise its future potential in research and practical applications, as well as its capacity to foster a more empathetic world.

    A Research Agenda for Emotional Geographies is an illuminating read for scholars and students of human geography, the social sciences and humanities, and particularly those interested in working with emotions across contexts. Feminist, decolonial, migration and climate change researchers will also benefit from the book’s interdisciplinary approach.

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    Chapter 1
  • Mårdh, Andreas
    et al.
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Tryggvason, Ásgeir
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Urberg, Linnea
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Inledning: Forskning i ett genomlevandeperspektiv2026In: Erfarenheter av didaktik: En vänbok till Johan Öhman / [ed] Andreas Mårdh; Ásgeir Tryggvason; Linnea Urberg, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 7-11Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Inledning: Forskning i ett genomlevandeperspektiv
  • Mårdh, Andreas
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Den didaktiska tanketraditionens beständigheter: Om naturligt lärande och etisk undervisning hos Comenius och senmodern forskning2026In: Erfarenheter av didaktik: En vänbok till Johan Öhman / [ed] Andreas Mårdh; Ásgeir Tryggvason; Linnea Urberg, Örebro: Örebro universitet , 2026, p. 37-57Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Den didaktiska tanketraditionens beständigheter
  • Hennessey, John
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Global idéhistoria2026In: Att skriva idéhistoria / [ed] Bruno Hamnell; Frits Gåvertsson, Lund: Lund University Open Access, 2026, p. 259-275Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Global idéhistoria
  • Hennessey, John
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Stil och referenshantering2026In: Att skriva idéhistoria / [ed] Bruno Hamnell; Frits Gåvertsson, Lund: Lund University Open Access, 2026, p. 57-75Chapter in book (Other academic)
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    Stil och referenshantering
  • Hallin, Hanna
    Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences.
    Smoke and Mirrors: The Promotion of Corporate Environmental Legitimacy as Climate Obstruction2026Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The interconnected crises of climate change, biodiversity loss and chemical pollution constitute nothing less than an existential threat to humanity. Yet the global community’s response is manifestly inadequate. Against this backdrop, this dissertation analyses climate obstruction through the notion of corporate environmental legitimation – a relational process that cultivates and maintains the perception that corporations are suitable, willing and capable environmental stewards, even within a structurally unsustainable economic system. Empirically, the dissertation presents a multi-method case study of the Ellen Mac-Arthur Foundation (EMF), a leading advocacy organisation promoting the concept of a circular economy. Combining critical political economy and critical discourse analyses, it examines EMF’s funding, networks, governance, policy engagement, promotional practices, dis-course and relations to EU circular economy policy. The findings shows that EMF plays a central role in promoting a version of the circular economy that reinforces corporate environmental legitimacy, and that this largely overlaps with the EU’s version. Corporate initiatives are framed as meaningful progress within content circulated through EMF’s promotional system, where different legitimation strategies interact to reinforce this message. Furthermore, the analysis shows that EMF mobilises the circular economy as a brand, directing public enthusiasm towards corporate “circular” initiatives. The dissertation argues that this constitutes an important mode of climate obstruction: messages that create the impression that adequate solutions are underway function as smoke and mirrors. They foster hope in incremental improvements while potentially crowding out attention to the urgent systemic transformations required to return humanity to a safe operating space.

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    Smoke and Mirrors: The Promotion of Corporate Environmental Legitimacy as Climate Obstruction
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  • Hodza-Beganovic, Ruhija
    Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.
    Developing non-technical skills through designed experiential learning: participatory research in a Balkan healthcare context2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Rapid changes in population health needs have increased the importance of understanding how healthcare institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) support the development of healthcare professionals’ competencies. While traditional training has primarily emphasised clinical and technical skills, healthcare systems in LMICs often face additional challenges related to limited resources, entrenched hierarchies, and complex cultural contexts. These conditions highlight the need to better understand the development of non-technical skills (NTSs), including communication, teamwork, leadership, and interprofessional collaboration.

    This thesis examines how healthcare professionals understand and develop NTSs, with particular attention to leadership and interprofessional collaboration within healthcare settings in the Balkan region and in the context of international healthcare partnerships in Sweden. The study applies a designed experiential learning approach grounded in participatory and interactive educational practices. Kolb’s experiential learning theory serves as the overarching conceptual framework and is applied across individual, team, and organisational levels, with surveys-used to stimulate dialogue.

    The thesis is presented as a compilation, consisting of an introduction and four empirical studies employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Data were collected through interviews, focusgroups, and observations.

    The findings indicate that designed experiential learning approaches effectively foster the development and understanding of NTSs. These skills develop in ways that are closely shaped by organisational structures and cultural contexts. The results contribute to a growing body of evidence supporting experiential, participatory, and context-sensitive approaches in healthcare education and suggest that traditional dyadic mentoring alone is insufficient to support professional development in increasingly complex healthcare environments.

    List of papers
    1. Survey-based experiential learning as a new approach to strengthening non-technical skills in LMIC health care settings
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Survey-based experiential learning as a new approach to strengthening non-technical skills in LMIC health care settings
    2021 (English)In: BMC Medical Education, E-ISSN 1472-6920, Vol. 21, no 1, article id 240Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: This study outlines key aspects of professional development among health professionals in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). LMICs need support in developing their continuing medical education, and non-technical skills (NTS) that have been neglected in this respect. Given the nature of NTS, educational methods should be used experientially. This study aims to explore an interactive educational approach to increase NTS among health care professionals in an LMIC setting.

    METHODS: A design-based research approach was applied to develop an educational method. Key NTS concepts were identified, which directed the selection of research-based surveys. A series of workshops was designed in which a survey-based experiential approach was developed. The educational process followed a pattern of individual reflection, small group discussion and relating the concepts to the local practice in a wider group.

    RESULTS: An approach to increase NTS in LMIC settings emerged in iterative development through conducting workshops with health care teams in the Balkans. The topics could be grouped into individual, team, and organisational dimensions. The approach can be described as survey-based experiential learning involving steps in recurring interaction with participants. The steps include identifying concepts in individual, team and organization dimensions and contextualising them using experiential learning on the individual and group levels.

    CONCLUSION: An overarching approach has been developed that addresses NTS in an LMIC setting. The survey-based experiential learning approach can be beneficial for raising professional awareness and the development of sustainable healthcare settings in LMICs.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    BioMed Central, 2021
    Keywords
    Design-based research, Experiential learning, Interprofessional learning, LMIC, NTS, Non-technical skills, Teamwork
    National Category
    Pedagogy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-91485 (URN)10.1186/s12909-021-02619-6 (DOI)000645595700003 ()33902554 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85104863434 (Scopus ID)
    Note

    Funding Agencies:

    International Medical Program (IMP), Region Östergötland, Center for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine and Traumatology, University Hospital Linköping, Sweden  

    Örebro University 

    Available from: 2021-04-28 Created: 2021-04-28 Last updated: 2026-03-26Bibliographically approved
    2. Developing non-technical skills of healthcare professionals in international health partnerships: a qualitative study employing survey-based experiential learning
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Developing non-technical skills of healthcare professionals in international health partnerships: a qualitative study employing survey-based experiential learning
    (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    National Category
    Other Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128118 (URN)
    Available from: 2026-03-26 Created: 2026-03-26 Last updated: 2026-03-26Bibliographically approved
    3. Contextualizing interprofessional competencies in the Balkans: Healthcare workers’ understanding of the concepts based on an existing framework and a self-report instrument
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Contextualizing interprofessional competencies in the Balkans: Healthcare workers’ understanding of the concepts based on an existing framework and a self-report instrument
    2025 (English)In: Journal of Interprofessional Education and Practice, E-ISSN 2405-4526, Vol. 41, article id 100787Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    This paper emphasizes adapting frameworks for interprofessional collaboration (IPC) from high-income settings to culturally distinct, resource-constrained regions. We adapted and validated the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) competency framework within a Balkan healthcare context facing systemic, educational, and financial challenges. Frameworks such as IPEC may not fully capture contextual nuances in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we examined how the IPEC framework could be culturally adapted for healthcare workers in the Balkans. A convergent mixed-methods design was employed, involving two interprofessional workshops and a follow-up survey. Healthcare workers from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo participated in reflective discussions and prioritized competencies from the original 38-item IPEC instrument. The adapted instrument (IPEC-21B) was evaluated for psychometric reliability and contextual relevance and proved to be both valid and practical due to its shorter format. The instrument measured attitudes toward IPC and encouraged critical dialogue about hierarchy, communication, and shared roles, positioning it as both an assessment tool and a catalyst for professional learning. The results demonstrate how an adapted survey on IPC foster systemic thinking and professional development provides a tool for increased awareness. By retaining all core IPEC domains, IPEC-21B provides a tool for increasing awareness and developing interprofessional competencies in a way that aligns with local cultural and educational needs in settings with limited traditions of interprofessional practice. Tailoring an IPC instrument to local contexts enhances healthcare workers’ understanding of collaboration and may improve patient outcomes and care equity. The participatory adaptation process emphasizes embedding dialogue and shared understanding into interprofessional education and assessment in LMICs.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2025
    Keywords
    Contextualization, Interprofessional competence, Mokken scale analysis, Self-report
    National Category
    Other Educational Sciences Other Health Sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-126264 (URN)10.1016/j.xjep.2025.100787 (DOI)2-s2.0-105024324430 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2026-01-14 Created: 2026-01-14 Last updated: 2026-04-22Bibliographically approved
    4. The role of leadership in enhancing non-technical skills in healthcare: a qualitative study in a Balkan context
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>The role of leadership in enhancing non-technical skills in healthcare: a qualitative study in a Balkan context
    2025 (English)In: Human Resources for Health, E-ISSN 1478-4491, Vol. 23, no 1, article id 53Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Leadership is widely recognized as essential for fostering collaborative healthcare teams and improving patient outcomes. However, there is limited research on how leadership supports the development of nonclinical skills in healthcare settings in many low- and middle-income countries, including those in the Balkan region. This study addresses that gap by examining how leadership roles and practices enhance non-technical skills (NTSs)-such as communication, teamwork, and role clarity-among healthcare workers in the Balkans while also considering sustainable development, organizational values, cultural influences, and social dynamics.

    METHODS: A qualitative approach was employed, drawing on data collected from three workshops conducted between 2018 and 2022 in university hospital clinics in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and Montenegro. Data sources included observations of group discussions, focus groups, and semi-structured interviews with healthcare leaders. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify patterns and develop key themes.

    RESULTS: Four key themes emerged regarding the role of leadership in the development of NTSs: (1) defining roles and responsibilities, (2) fostering communication and teamwork, (3) promoting readiness for change, and (4) developing leadership competencies. The participants noted that clear role definitions enhanced team coordination, inclusive communication reduced misunderstandings, supportive leadership eased resistance to change, and mentorship served as a valuable mechanism for leadership development.

    CONCLUSION: Leadership plays a key role in strengthening NTSs in Balkan healthcare contexts by promoting communication and teamwork within culturally and hierarchically complex environments. Role clarity, open dialogue, and shared accountability emerged as key factors for effective team performance and patient safety. These findings highlight the need for leadership development and the implementation of formal training initiatives-such as structured mentorship programs-to foster collaborative and resilient healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    BioMed Central (BMC), 2025
    Keywords
    Balkans, Healthcare, Leadership, Low- and middle-income countries, Non-technical skills, Teamwork
    National Category
    Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-124421 (URN)10.1186/s12960-025-01022-2 (DOI)001592018100001 ()41084058 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105018647785 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Örebro University
    Available from: 2025-10-14 Created: 2025-10-14 Last updated: 2026-03-26Bibliographically approved
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  • Slettmyr, Anna
    Örebro University, School of Health Sciences.
    Willingness to care: Experiences of nursing and altruism in relation to a pandemic2026Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In public health crises, such as pandemics, nurses’ willingness to care for patients, even when risking one’s own well-being, is essential. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore nurses’ willingness to care, and experiences of nursing care and altruism, in relation to a pandemic. The thesis includes four qualitative studies, based on interviews with primarily intensive care nurses, in which the phenomenological hermeneutical method and systematic text condensation were used for analysis, and in addition, the concept of professional altruism was clarified. The composite findings of the qualitative studies (studies I–IV) showed that, before the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses felt ambivalence towards the phenomenon of altruism. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit Sweden, nurses showed great willingness to care for patients and displayed altruistic behaviour. Working at over full capacity took its toll, and nurses’ willingness to care started to diminish when personal consequences became apparent. They were pushed to the edge, and for some nurses their willingness to care was transformed into a need to prioritise oneself, and ultimately to resign from intensive care. The last study (Study V) considered professional altruism as a willingness to act for others, a moral orientation, a motivational force, an unwavering professional expectation, and a valued, yet challenged and sometimes rejected phenomenon. Supporting the willingness to care and professional altruism, as well as to prepare nurses and nursing students for future crises, including ethical decision-making in situations of scarce resources, is crucial to ensure effective health crisis management in the future.

    List of papers
    1. The ambiguity of altruism in nursing: A qualitative study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>The ambiguity of altruism in nursing: A qualitative study
    2019 (English)In: Nursing Ethics, ISSN 0969-7330, E-ISSN 1477-0989, Vol. 26, no 2, p. 368-377Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: For a long time, altruism was the basis for caring. Today, when society is more individualized, it is of interest to explore the meaning of altruism in nursing.

    Methods: In all, 13 nurses from a Swedish acute care setting participated in two focus group interviews performed as Socratic dialogues. Data were analyzed using a phenomenological hermeneutical method.

    Ethical considerations: Ethical issues were considered throughout the process according to established ethical principles. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, confidentiality regarding the data was guaranteed and quotations anonymized.

    Findings: Altruism created a sense of ambivalence and ambiguity, described as a rise of sovereign expressions of life caused by "the other's" need, but also unwillingness to take unconditional responsibility for "the other."

    Conclusion: Society's expectations of altruism and nurses' perception of their work as a salaried job collide in modern healthcare. Nurses are not willing to fully respond to the ethical demand of the patients. In case of a disaster, when nurses personal safety, life and health may be at risk, there might be reasons to question whether the healthcare organization would be able to fulfill its obligations of providing healthcare to an entire population.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Sage Publications, 2019
    Keywords
    Caring, Løgstrup, Martinsen, Socratic dialogue, ethics, individualism, interdependence, henomenological hermeneutical
    National Category
    Nursing
    Research subject
    Ethics; Caring sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-104825 (URN)10.1177/0969733017709336 (DOI)000461439900005 ()28553753 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85041312117 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2023-03-09 Created: 2023-03-09 Last updated: 2026-05-13Bibliographically approved
    2. Spontaneous ethics in nurses’ willingness to work during a pandemic
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Spontaneous ethics in nurses’ willingness to work during a pandemic
    2022 (English)In: Nursing Ethics, ISSN 0969-7330, E-ISSN 1477-0989, Vol. 29, no 5, p. 1293-1303Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In modern healthcare, the role of solidarity, altruism and the natural response to moral challenges in life-threatening situations is still rather unexplored. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to obtain a deeper understanding of nurses' willingness to care for patients during crisis.

    Objective: To elucidate clinical expressions of ontological situational ethics through nurses' willingness to work during a pandemic.

    Research design, participants and context: A qualitative study with an interpretive design was applied. Twenty nurses who worked in intensive care unit at two Swedish hospitals during the first, second, and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic were interviewed. The analysis was interpretative and applied a theoretical ethics perspective.

    Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority and informed consent was obtained from all participants.

    Findings: From a philosophical perspective, the nurses expressed sovereign life expressions of mercy and compassion, which arose spontaneously in response to seeing vulnerable fellow humans. They referenced ''the nurse inside me'' and their choice of profession as motives to provide care. Ontological situational ethics in culture and norms were noted in the constructs of competence, responsibility, solidarity with colleagues and organization; and interest and learning were driving forces. Ethical demand was evident when nurses expressed ideas of meaningfulness in helping their fellow humans; but themes of ambiguity, exhaustion and unwillingness were also present.

    Conclusions: The nurses showed a high willingness to care for patients during a crisis. Responding to the ethical demand and to care for vulnerable human beings while risking their own health and lives could be interpreted as an inter-human vocation. These spontaneous altruistic actions saved the lives of many patients during the pandemic and need to be understood and supported. 

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Sage Publications, 2022
    Keywords
    Caring ethics, ethical demand, Martinsen, phenomonological, ontology, Løgstrup, qualitative, hermeneutics
    National Category
    Nursing
    Research subject
    Ethics; Caring sciences
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-104823 (URN)10.1177/09697330221085768 (DOI)000798675400001 ()35559725 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85130101611 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2023-03-09 Created: 2023-03-09 Last updated: 2026-05-13Bibliographically approved
    3. Intensive care nurses' lived experience of altruism and sacrifices during the Covid-19 pandemic: A phenomenological study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Intensive care nurses' lived experience of altruism and sacrifices during the Covid-19 pandemic: A phenomenological study
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    2023 (English)In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, ISSN 0309-2402, E-ISSN 1365-2648, Vol. 79, no 1, p. 244-253Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: The aim of this study was to understand the lived experience of altruism and sacrifices among Swedish nurses working in intensive care units (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    DESIGN: This was a descriptive phenomenological study.

    METHODS: The study was conducted between June 2020 and March 2021 and included 20 nurses who were directly involved in the ICU care of COVID-19 patients in Sweden during the pandemic. The text transcripts were analysed using Malterud's Systematic Text Condensation.

    FINDINGS: The analysis revealed four themes. The work situation changed from 1 day to another-the nurses were brutally confronted with a new and highly demanding situation. Adapting to the chaotic situation-despite fear, anguish and exhaustion, the nurses adapted to the new premises. They shouldered the moral responsibility and responded to the needs of the patients and the health care system since they had the competence. Being confronted with ethical and moral challenges-the nurses were overwhelmed by feelings of helplessness and inadequacy because despite how hard they worked, they were still unable to provide care with dignity and of acceptable quality. The importance of supporting each other-collegiality was fundamental to the nurses' ability to cope with the situation.

    CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, being exposed to a constantly changing situation, facing the anguish and misery of patients, families, and colleagues, and being confronted with a conflict between the moral obligation to provide care of high quality and the possibility to fulfil this commitment resulted in suffering among the nurses. Collegial back-up and a supportive culture within the caring team were important for the nurses' endurance.

    IMPACT: The study contributes an understanding of nurses' lived experience of working during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the importance of protecting and preparing nurses and nursing organisation for potential future crises.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    John Wiley & Sons, 2023
    Keywords
    COVID-19, dignity, lived experience, moral stress, nursing care, nursing science, qualitative, suffering
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-101830 (URN)10.1111/jan.15467 (DOI)000869308200001 ()36253939 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85139995062 (Scopus ID)
    Available from: 2022-10-24 Created: 2022-10-24 Last updated: 2026-04-27Bibliographically approved
    4. Fight or flight-intensive care nurses' decisions to resign following the COVID-19 pandemic: a phenomenological hermeneutical study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Fight or flight-intensive care nurses' decisions to resign following the COVID-19 pandemic: a phenomenological hermeneutical study
    2025 (English)In: BMC Nursing, E-ISSN 1472-6955, Vol. 24, no 1, article id 60Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Many intensive care unit (ICU) nurses who were crucial to the frontline response during the COVID-19 pandemic left their employment during or after the pandemic. Studies exploring the experiences of these nurses are lacking. The aim of this study was to explore ICU nurses' course towards making the decision to resign from work in the ICU following the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Method: Advertisements on social media and a snowball sampling-inspired method were used to recruit 11 nurses from hospitals around Sweden who worked in an ICU during the pandemic and who then left employment. The participants were interviewed individually via telephone, online or in-person. An interview guide with a few open-ended questions was used to capture the nurses' narratives. The data were analysed using a phenomenological hermeneutical method.

    Results: The nurses were tangled in paradoxes, described as three themes: 'To give it all and yet feel insufficient', 'To experience togetherness and yet feel lonely' and 'To prioritise others and yet need to eventually prioritise oneself'. The decision to end their employment was ambivalent but necessary, made with relief and no regrets, but with sorrow. During this decision-making process, there may have been a window of opportunity during which nursing management or the health care service might have influenced the outcome.

    Conclusion: The ICU nurses' decision to resign was influenced by a tangle of challenging paradoxes that entailed ambivalence. The course to the decision to resign was marked by hesitancy. While it is important to understand and support nurses' willingness to care for patients during a crisis and to acknowledge their suffering as it relates to their professional efforts, it is also essential to address their individual struggles and needs.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    BioMed Central (BMC), 2025
    Keywords
    COVID-19, Ethics, ICU, Intensive care nurses, Nursing management, Phenomenological hermeneutical
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-120357 (URN)10.1186/s12912-025-02956-7 (DOI)001457336800001 ()40169987 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-105001658715 (Scopus ID)
    Funder
    Örebro University
    Available from: 2025-04-02 Created: 2025-04-02 Last updated: 2026-05-13Bibliographically approved
    5. Professional altruism in nursing care: A concept clarification study
    Open this publication in new window or tab >>Professional altruism in nursing care: A concept clarification study
    2026 (English)In: International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, E-ISSN 2666-142X, Vol. 10, article id 100522Article in journal (Refereed) Published
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Altruism has historically shaped the ethos of nursing. However, the COVID-19 pandemic reignited nurses' profound commitment to patient care, often at significant personal risk to own health and safety. This renewed dedication has prompted interest in whether altruism remains a vital component of nursing practice.

    Objective: To clarify the meaning of professional altruism in nursing care.

    Design: Catherine Norris's five-step concept clarification method was employed.

    Methods: A systematic search was conducted in November 2024 across the CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases using the terms altruism, altruistic, and altruistic behavior/ behaviour in combination with nurses, nursing, and nursing care, resulting in the inclusion of 24 articles.

    Results: Systemised descriptions of professional altruism yielded five categories: a willingness to act for others, a moral orientation, a motivational force, an unwavering professional expectation, and a valued, yet challenged and sometimes rejected phenomenon. Additionally, an operational definition of professional altruism in nursing care emerged: Professional altruism is a moral orientation toward fellow human beings in need of care, characterised by a willingness to prioritise the well-being of others over one's own needs. While balancing the expectations, challenges, and personal consequences involved, professional altruism remains a core aspect of nursing care, responsibility, and practice.

    Conclusion: Professional altruism is a central aspect of nurses' professional identity and an essential element of nursing care. When acknowledged and supported, professional altruism can enhance both the quality of care and nurses' well-being.

    Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
    Elsevier, 2026
    Keywords
    Altruism, Concept clarification, Ethics, Nursing care, Nursing values
    National Category
    Nursing
    Identifiers
    urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-128265 (URN)10.1016/j.ijnsa.2026.100522 (DOI)001730618800001 ()41953151 (PubMedID)
    Available from: 2026-04-04 Created: 2026-04-04 Last updated: 2026-04-27Bibliographically approved
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