To Örebro University

This article examines the discursive trope of "the wheat girl" in Nordic radical nationalist Telegram channels, exploring how white femininity is constructed within far-right ecologist imaginaries. The wheat girl-typically depicted as a conventionally attractive white woman in grain fields-embodies a paradoxical blend of feminine passivity and political agency. Drawing on feminist theory, affect theory, and scholarship on far-right ecologism, the study situates this trope within broader historical narratives where women symbolize both nation and nature. In the Nordic context, where gender equality is often framed as a cultural value, the wheat girl offers insight into how radical nationalists may mobilize gendered imagery to advance ecofascist ideologies. Through visual analysis and discourse studies, the article contributes empirically by highlighting the role of gender in far-right ecological communication, and theoretically by expanding discussions on affect, ideology, and constructions of white femininity in digital far-right spaces. The findings underscore how seemingly benign representations of women and nature serve exclusionary nationalist agendas, shaping how radical nationalist actors attract and engage audiences through constructions of beauty, spirituality and tradition.

Ecofascism-the union of fascist ideas and ecological notions-is a rising global issue. Ecofascism in the online sphere often encompasses imaginaries of utopia, love and nostalgia in concert with militarism and violence. This article examines cuteness as a strategic tool used to arouse culturally deemed "positive" emotions like joy, love and pleasure. The study draws on findings from an affective-discursive analysis of visual propaganda in the form of ecofascist memes. The analysis shows that cuteness softens fascist ideology and remasculinises and humanises fascism. Cuteness as a rhetorical tool lessens the needs for ideological defence, since cute signifiers condense structures of meaning into binaries of good and evil. Hence, the article argues that cuteness is a powerful affective political communication strategy that serves to reproduce masculine dominance by mobilising gendered and racialised imaginaries of nature, protection, empathy and belonging.

Masculinity in far-right visual media is often portrayed through intimidating images of dominant, militant men. However, this study of affect in Nordic ecofascist visual communication shows that men are also depicted in meditative stillness surrounded by spectacular nature. Such 'positive' representations contrast with the typical far-right depictions of militant masculinity. This paper examines how positive affective communication shapes far-right masculinity, focusing on the trope we call 'the contemplative man'. Inspired by affect theory and social semiotics, we analyse images from ecofascist Telegram channels that show men alone and together in nature participating in meditative and nature-connected practices. We demonstrate how the 'contemplative man' trope broadens the range of available far-right masculine identities and connects men with nature through nativism. We argue that nature in ecofascist discourse allows for 'quieter' expressions of masculinity, providing a space for men to experience intimacy, spirituality and pleasure, alongside the traditional militant persona. Such forms of masculinity visualize the 'blood and soil' complex through natural imagery depicting outdoor activities such as cooking, hiking, and resting in peaceful solitude. This discourse fosters a special bond between white, Nordic men and the land, offering them a place in the social hierarchy and a role within ecology on both sensory and ideological levels.

Recent terrorist attacks from Christchurch, New Zealand via Bærum, Norway, and onto El Paso, Texas have brought to the fore the intersections between far-right replacement theory and ecofascism. In this chapter, we explore the discourse of the most prominent and violent ecofascist, neo-Nazi organization in the Nordic countries in the past decade; the Nordic Resistance Movement (or NRM). More specifically, we examine the weekly NRM podcast Nordic Frontier, which first aired in 2017, and the 2016 NRM manifesto Our Path: New Politics For New Times. We argue that the discourse of the NRM is profoundly inspired by ecofascist ideas and envisions the Nordic countries as a preserve of Nordic populations racially coded as ‘white.’ 

How does cuteness, positive affect and ecofascism convene? This paper shows how cute, loving and positive imaginaries work to propagate, mainstream and legitimise fascism. 

This chapter examines the entanglements of masculinities and nature through a focus on ecofascism. By considering the concept of care, Darwish shows how the Scandinavian neo-Nazi group The Nordic Resistance Movement’s (NRM) environmentalism and care for nature translate into sexist, racist and anti-humanist agendas. Ecofascism is based on Nazism’s ideological nature complex and influential discourses in ecological thought from the latter half of the 1900s. The NRM’s mobilisation over the last decade reflects a resurgence of ecofascism as reactions to global climate change and other crisis tendencies. This chapter also demonstrates how oppression of others can become entangled with politicised ecosophies. By appearing as entities free of ideology, these far-right conceptualisations of “nature” and “environmentalism” become perverse and powerful means of seeking ideological legitimacy. Darwish sheds light on the risks faced by the foundational discourse on ecological masculinities for not rejecting ecofascism strongly enough and suggests that the discourse must sharpen its definitive considerations of care as all-inclusive and clarify its opposition to ecofascism in order to ensure the greatest possible care for the earth, all others and self.