A total of nine studies put the psychopathy construct to a stringent test by examining the predictive ability while controlling for common risk factors for negative outcomes. In this way, the special section studies shed light on the important issue as to whether psychopathy as a construct offers something above and beyond common risk factors. Eight of the nine studies showed in different ways, in different countries, with different developmental/ age periods, and with different measures and conceptualizations that psychopathic personality often was pre-dictive of negative outcomes after adjusting for common risk variables. Five studies examined the association between psychopathic personality and negative outcomes in young children. All five of these studies found psychopathic personality to be predictive above and beyond common risk factors. Three studies examined psychopathy and its relation to negative outcomes from adolescence forward. Two of the three studies in this age band found psychopathy to be predictive of negative outcomes after controlling for common risk factors. Finally, one study examined psychopathy from adulthood forward in a specialized population and found that Factor 2 of the PCL-R was predictive of recidivism above and beyond the commonly used DSM diagnosis of ASPD. These findings support the notion that individuals with psychopathic personality follow a hazardous course impacting their own well-being as well as negatively impacting society. The implications of the findings are discussed in further detail and directions for future research are considered.