Parents as pain management in Swedish neonatal care (SWEpap), is a new cutting-edge interdisciplinary multi-center clinical study. Using a mixed methods approach, SWEpap investigates combined parent-delivered interventions such as infant-directed lullaby singing, breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact where parents themselves mediate pain alleviation. This approach is consistent with a modern understanding of pain and of family-integrated care. Today non-pharmacological strategies are considered the first choice in neonatal pain management, and parent-delivered interventions are valuable but often overlooked resources in the procedural pain management in newborn infants. Research shows that parents desire to be actively involved. More research on parents’ experiences of being active in pain alleviation is needed, as well as research on the effectiveness of combined parent-delivered pain management including relationship-based interventions as the parent’s musical presence. The qualitative part of the project is investigating the experiences and attitudes of parents and nurses towards combined parent-delivered pain management. The study applies a collaborative participatory action research (PAR) design with ethnographic inspired data collection in form of focus groups, video-observations, and video-stimulated recall interviews for data collection. ResultsPreparation was considered the key for combined parent-delivered pain management. Both parents and nurses emphasized the importance of allowing time for the parent-infant dyad to calm down together before the painful procedure to cope with the situation. The combined parent-delivered pain management was considered feasible by both parents and nurses. Parents expressed that the singing helped them focus on their infant instead of the procedure. The parental lullaby singing created a calm and trusting atmosphere, affecting not only the parent-infant dyad but also the nurses. After the procedure both parents and nurses felt that they have successfully supported the infant through a painful procedure. The second part of the ongoing SWEpap project is a randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of combined parent-delivered pain management with live parental lullaby singing, skin-to-skin contact, and breastfeeding compared with standard pain care during routine blood sampling of healthy newborn infants.