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Positive gender congruency effects on shopper responses: Field evidence from a gender egalitarian culture
University of Agder, School of Business and Law, Department of Management, Kristiansand, Norway; Institute of Retail Economics, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0283-8777
Aarhus University, Department of Management, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7867-6540
Karlstad Business School & CTF, Service Research Center, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden. (Centrum för tjänsteforskning)ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8520-0006
Institute of Retail Economics, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1564-0695
2021 (English)In: Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, ISSN 0969-6989, E-ISSN 1873-1384, Vol. 63, article id 102738Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This field study examined how customer-employee interactions are affected by the congruency between an employee's gender and the perceived gender image of the consumption context in one of the most gender equal cultures in the world (Scandinavia). Mystery shoppers had a service encounter with an employee across a set of physical commercial settings that were classified according to their gender image. The mystery shoppers noted the gender of the employee, provided employee evaluations, and indicated word-of-mouth (WOM) ratings. Shoppers who had a gender congruent service encounter (e.g., a female employee in a "feminine" consumption context) reported more favorable employee evaluations and WOM ratings than shoppers who had a gender incongruent service encounter (e.g., a female employee in a "masculine" consumption context), with the impact of gender congruency on WOM ratings mediated by employee evaluations, particularly with respect to competence inferences. These findings highlight the ethical dilemma of a positive gender congruency effect, as it can generate superior consumer responses but also risks resulting in gender occupational segregation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2021. Vol. 63, article id 102738
Keywords [en]
Gender, Gendered marketing, Stereotypes, Gender equality, Congruency, Masculinity, Femininity, Processing fluency, Word-of-mouth, Employee evaluations
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business Studies
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-120754DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102738ISI: 000696953300013Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85113298491OAI: oai:DiVA.org:oru-120754DiVA, id: diva2:1954239
Available from: 2025-04-24 Created: 2025-04-24 Last updated: 2025-04-24Bibliographically approved

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Samuelsson, Peter

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Otterbring, TobiasBhatnagar, RoopaliSamuelsson, PeterBorau, Sylvie
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1112131415161714 of 157
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