To Örebro University

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes 3 and 5 years after the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis per se or in combination with an enamel matrix derivative (EMD).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: At baseline, 29 patients were randomized to surgical treatment with adjunctive EMD or no EMD. One year after the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis, 25 patients remained eligible for survival analyses at the 3- and 5-year follow-up. The primary outcomes were implant loss and bone level (BL) change measured on radiographs, and the secondary outcomes, bleeding on probing, pus and plaque at each implant, were analyzed in 18 and14 patients at the 3- and 5-year follow-up, respectively.

RESULTS: After exclusion of 4 patients who discontinued the study, at the 3-year follow-up, 13 (100%) implants survived in the EMD group, and 10 of 12 (83%) in the non-EMD group. At the 5-year follow-up, 11 of 13 (85%) implants in the EMD group and 9 of 12 (75%) in the non-EMD group survived. In multivariate modelling, BL changes and EMD-treatment were positively associated with implant survival. Similarly, the same trend was seen in univariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: An exploratory analysis suggests that adjunctive EMD is positively associated with implant survival up to five years, but larger studies are needed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.